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IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Quantum Software Engineering (Q-SE)

Industry Expectations and Skill Demands in Quantum Software Testing

Ronnie de Souza Santos, María Teresa Baldassarre, Cesar França

Published Apr 12, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1145/3786150.3788614

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Industry Expectations and Skill Demands in Quantum Software Testing

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Quantum software testing introduces new challenges that differ fundamentally from those in classical software engineering. Aims: This study investigates how the quantum software industry defines testing roles and what skills are expected from professionals in these positions. Method: We analyzed 110 job postings from organizations involved in quantum software and hardware development, identifying activities, competencies, and skill requirements related to testing. Results: The findings show that testing in quantum contexts combines traditional software quality assurance with experimental validation, emphasizing calibration, control, and hybrid quantum-classical verification. Employers seek professionals who integrate programming and automation expertise with quantum-specific technical knowledge and interdisciplinary collaboration skills. Conclusions: Quantum software testing remains at an early but rapidly evolving stage that bridges software engineering and experimental physics, highlighting the need for educational and research efforts that align testing practices with industrial realities.

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Quantum technologies are increasingly recognized as a strategic priority for economic competitiveness, national security, and technological innovation in the United States. As quantum systems transition from research prototypes to deployable technologies, attention has shifted toward the preparedness of the quantum workforce, particularly the alignment between higher education and industry skill needs. While prior research has examined individual aspects of quantum education or workforce demand, few studies integrate systematic curriculum analysis with documented industry expectations. This study addresses that gap by analyzing primary U.S. masters programs in quantum science and technology, focusing on curriculum structure and skill development. Using a structured coding framework, course offerings were mapped across six quantum-relevant skill categories and aggregated to produce program-level skill profiles. These profiles were then compared with industry-identified competencies reported in recent workforce studies. The findings reveal strong emphasis on quantum theory across programs, alongside substantial variability in technical skills, applied learning opportunities, and professional development components. The results highlight areas of alignment as well as persistent gaps related to workforce readiness, cross-disciplinary integration, and emerging technological demands. This study provides a scalable framework for evaluating quantum education programs and offers evidence-based insights for curriculum design, workforce policy, and the continued development of the U.S. quantum ecosystem.

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As quantum hardware continues to advance, and as specialized frameworks and languages for quantum systems emerge, Quantum Software Engineering has established itself as a crucial discipline for leveraging today's Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware platforms and enabling practical quantum applications. The International Workshop on Quantum Software Engineering (Q-SE) series has become a leading forum for showcasing the latest developments and findings in Q-SE. We present the contributions and discussions that occurred during the seventh edition of the workshop (Q-SE 2026), which took place during the 48th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2026) on April 12, 2026, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The accepted papers covered different levels of quantum software engineering tasks, such as handling new versions of quantum frameworks, verifying runtime behavior of quantum programs, and modeling different aspects of quantum simulation. Additionally, contributions explored the skills demanded by the industry for quantum software testing, approaches to select services for running quantum tasks reliably and economically, and methods to exploit quantum application characteristics to reduce circuit size, depth, and noise.

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Quantum software testing introduces new challenges that differ fundamentally from those in classical software engineering. Aims: This study investigates how the quantum software industry defines testing roles and what skills are expected from professionals in these positions. Method: We analyzed 110 job postings from organizations involved in quantum software and hardware development, identifying activities, competencies, and skill requirements related to testing. Results: The findings show that testing in quantum contexts combines traditional software quality assurance with experimental validation, emphasizing calibration, control, and hybrid quantum-classical verification. Employers seek professionals who integrate programming and automation expertise with quantum-specific technical knowledge and interdisciplinary collaboration skills. Conclusions: Quantum software testing remains at an early but rapidly evolving stage that bridges software engineering and experimental physics, highlighting the need for educational and research efforts that align testing practices with industrial realities.
Quantum technologies are increasingly recognized as a strategic priority for economic competitiveness, national security, and technological innovation in the United States. As quantum systems transition from research prototypes to deployable technologies, attention has shifted toward the preparedness of the quantum workforce, particularly the alignment between higher education and industry skill needs. While prior research has examined individual aspects of quantum education or workforce demand, few studies integrate systematic curriculum analysis with documented industry expectations. This study addresses that gap by analyzing primary U.S. masters programs in quantum science and technology, focusing on curriculum structure and skill development. Using a structured coding framework, course offerings were mapped across six quantum-relevant skill categories and aggregated to produce program-level skill profiles. These profiles were then compared with industry-identified competencies reported in recent workforce studies. The findings reveal strong emphasis on quantum theory across programs, alongside substantial variability in technical skills, applied learning opportunities, and professional development components. The results highlight areas of alignment as well as persistent gaps related to workforce readiness, cross-disciplinary integration, and emerging technological demands. This study provides a scalable framework for evaluating quantum education programs and offers evidence-based insights for curriculum design, workforce policy, and the continued development of the U.S. quantum ecosystem.
As quantum hardware continues to advance, and as specialized frameworks and languages for quantum systems emerge, Quantum Software Engineering has established itself as a crucial discipline for leveraging today's Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware platforms and enabling practical quantum applications. The International Workshop on Quantum Software Engineering (Q-SE) series has become a leading forum for showcasing the latest developments and findings in Q-SE. We present the contributions and discussions that occurred during the seventh edition of the workshop (Q-SE 2026), which took place during the 48th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2026) on April 12, 2026, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The accepted papers covered different levels of quantum software engineering tasks, such as handling new versions of quantum frameworks, verifying runtime behavior of quantum programs, and modeling different aspects of quantum simulation. Additionally, contributions explored the skills demanded by the industry for quantum software testing, approaches to select services for running quantum tasks reliably and economically, and methods to exploit quantum application characteristics to reduce circuit size, depth, and noise.