Purpose: This study presents a comprehensive post-quantum cryptographic framework designed to secure Critical Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) against emerging quantum computing threats. Methodology: As traditional cryptographic methods become increasingly vulnerable, the proposed framework integrates post-quantum algorithms, hybrid cryptographic models, and a multi-layered architecture to ensure long-term data protection. The system is evaluated using key performance metrics such as latency, throughput, energy consumption, overhead, key size, and security strength. Additionally, an algorithm selection strategy is implemented to identify optimal cryptographic techniques. Findings: Simulation results demonstrate that classical models offer better efficiency, while post-quantum approaches provide stronger security at the cost of higher resource usage. The hybrid model effectively balances these trade-offs, delivering improved security with moderate performance impact. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Overall, the framework provides a scalable, adaptable, and future-ready solution for protecting critical infrastructure in a rapidly evolving digital and quantum landscape.
Purpose: This study presents a comprehensive post-quantum cryptographic framework designed to secure Critical Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) against emerging quantum computing threats. Methodology: As traditional cryptographic methods become increasingly vulnerable, the proposed framework integrates post-quantum algorithms, hybrid cryptographic models, and a multi-layered architecture to ensure long-term data protection. The system is evaluated using key performance metrics such as latency, throughput, energy consumption, overhead, key size, and security strength. Additionally, an algorithm selection strategy is implemented to identify optimal cryptographic techniques. Findings: Simulation results demonstrate that classical models offer better efficiency, while post-quantum approaches provide stronger security at the cost of higher resource usage. The hybrid model effectively balances these trade-offs, delivering improved security with moderate performance impact. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Overall, the framework provides a scalable, adaptable, and future-ready solution for protecting critical infrastructure in a rapidly evolving digital and quantum landscape.
The rapid development of quantum computing presents a substantial threat to traditional cryptographic algorithms, particularly those relying on mathematical problems such as integer factorization and elliptic curve operations. As a response, the cryptographic community has accelerated the design of post-quantum cryptographic schemes that can withstand attacks from both classical and quantum computers. However, many of these new schemes exhibit inherent trade-offs between performance, key sizes, and implementation complexity. To address this, we propose a novel hybrid cryptographic framework tailored for secure and efficient data transmission in future quantum-aware environments. The proposed system combines three algorithmic paradigms: a lattice-based encryption method for fast and lightweight data protection, a hash-based signature mechanism for authenticity, and a code-based key exchange method to ensure session confidentiality. This layered integration is designed to capitalize on each algorithm’s strengths while mitigating individual limitations. The system is implemented using modular components in a testbed simulating real-world deployments, and its performance is benchmarked across multiple metrics including encryption latency, signature generation time, key sizes, and throughput. Comparative results indicate that the hybrid approach outperforms monolithic schemes in critical areas such as execution time and cryptographic strength under quantum adversary models. The findings support the practicality of using multiple post-quantum primitives in tandem to build robust communication systems. This research contributes a realistic implementation and evaluation of post-quantum security models and highlights key directions for future research and standardization efforts as the global transition to quantum-safe infrastructure begins.
The rapid advancements in quantum computing pose significant threats to traditional cryptographic systems, which are foundational to securing modern digital infrastructure. Cryptosystems like RSA and ECC, currently relied upon for secure communications, are vulnerable to quantum attacks, necessitating the development of post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The proposed methodology in this paper focuses on safeguarding critical infrastructure from quantum-based cyberattacks by leveraging PQC. The framework integrates several key strategies: hybrid cryptography, which combines classical and post-quantum algorithms to ensure security even as quantum threats evolve; quantum key distribution (QKD), ensuring secure communication by detecting any interception attempts; and post-quantum algorithms designed to resist quantum computing capabilities. The methodology also includes a robust security layer with incident response and threat monitoring systems to detect anomalies and initiate rapid responses to potential attacks. This holistic approach secures vital sectors like healthcare, energy, and telecommunications by future-proofing cryptographic measures against quantum threats.
The advent of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the cryptographic foundations that secure critical infrastructure information systems, including energy grids, transportation networks, healthcare systems, and financial services. Conventional public-key cryptographic schemes such as RSA and elliptic curve cryptography are vulnerable to quantum attacks, necessitating a paradigm shift toward post-quantum secure design principles. This review paper examines emerging post-quantum cryptographic frameworks and their role in strengthening detection and mitigation mechanisms within critical infrastructure environments. It systematically analyzes post-quantum algorithms, hybrid cryptographic models, and quantum-resilient authentication schemes, emphasizing their integration into intrusion detection systems, anomaly detection frameworks, and secure communication protocols. Additionally, the paper explores quantum-aware threat models, resilience-oriented system architectures, and adaptive mitigation strategies that enhance system survivability against both classical and quantum-enabled cyber threats. Key challenges including computational overhead, legacy system compatibility, scalability, and regulatory compliance are critically discussed, alongside ongoing standardization efforts and implementation case studies. By synthesizing current research and industry practices, this review provides a comprehensive roadmap for designing, deploying, and managing post-quantum secure detection and mitigation frameworks that ensure the long-term resilience, reliability, and trustworthiness of critical infrastructure information systems in the quantum era.
The advent of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the cryptographic foundations that secure critical infrastructure information systems, including energy grids, transportation networks, healthcare systems, and financial services. Conventional public-key cryptographic schemes such as RSA and elliptic curve cryptography are vulnerable to quantum attacks, necessitating a paradigm shift toward post-quantum secure design principles. This review paper examines emerging post-quantum cryptographic frameworks and their role in strengthening detection and mitigation mechanisms within critical infrastructure environments. It systematically analyzes post-quantum algorithms, hybrid cryptographic models, and quantum-resilient authentication schemes, emphasizing their integration into intrusion detection systems, anomaly detection frameworks, and secure communication protocols. Additionally, the paper explores quantum-aware threat models, resilience-oriented system architectures, and adaptive mitigation strategies that enhance system survivability against both classical and quantum-enabled cyber threats. Key challenges including computational overhead, legacy system compatibility, scalability, and regulatory compliance are critically discussed, alongside ongoing standardization efforts and implementation case studies. By synthesizing current research and industry practices, this review provides a comprehensive roadmap for designing, deploying, and managing post-quantum secure detection and mitigation frameworks that ensure the long-term resilience, reliability, and trustworthiness of critical infrastructure information systems in the quantum era.
The rapid advancement of quantum computing threatens the security foundations of classical public-key cryptographic systems such as RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), which underpin cloud and edge infrastructures. With scalable quantum algorithms capable of breaking widely deployed cryptographic primitives, organizations must transition toward quantum-resilient security models. This paper proposes a comprehensive Quantum-Resilient Cryptographic Architecture (QRCA) designed specifically for cloud and edge computing environments. The framework integrates post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms, hybrid key exchange protocols, zero-trust principles, and hardware-assisted secure enclaves. We present a layered security model that balances computational overhead, latency constraints, and scalability requirements in distributed systems. Experimental simulations evaluate performance metrics including encryption latency, key exchange overhead, and throughput across cloud data centres and edge nodes. Results indicate that hybrid PQC deployments achieve strong quantum resilience with manageable performance trade-offs. The proposed architecture offers a practical migration pathway for organizations seeking future-proof cryptographic security in distributed computing ecosystems.
Quantum computing advances rapidly and brings significant risks to traditional methods of encrypting data. As a result, new and innovative methods must be designed to provide advanced security techniques that will defend against both classical and quantum-based attacks. This work explores an AI-assisted hybrid cryptographic architecture (HCA) that combines traditional encryption, post-quantum methods of data encryption, and artificial intelligence to create a more secure system than offered by any of the individual methods alone. The HCA uses Algorithm 1, which applies an adaptive key management and threat detection protocol utilizing classical and lattice-based cryptographic techniques to create a unified hybrid key that provides dual layers of security. The HCA uses AI-assisted anomaly detection to monitor system functions, identify threats, and adjust security models accordingly. The HCA employs efficient key creation, encrypting, and decrypting processes with lower computational requirements and optimized resource usage. The performance of the HCA is evaluated against several performance metrics consisting of security level, computational complexity, total memory utilized, energy consumed, scalability, accuracy of detection, and false positive rate. The performance metrics demonstrate that the HCA significantly outperforms existing methods by achieving higher levels of security, shorter amounts of time to process information, and greater quality of detection while generating fewer false positives. The integration of AI into the HCA allows for greater adaptation to new and evolving cyber threats to respond in real time.As confirmed by both tables and graphical diagrams, the framework's proposed solution successfully balances security, efficiency, and scalability. This places it in a position to be used in today's climate of modern technologies (cloud computing, IoT networks, and secure communications). Overall, this study offers an effective and future-oriented way to deal with the obstacles of cyberspace security presented by quantum computing.