In this work, we propose an alternative formulation for the description of quantum dynamics based on a displacement interpretation of the Schrödinger equation. Startingfrom a generalized wave propagation framework, we show that the Schrödinger equation can be recovered in a form that admits a displacement-type interpretation ofthe wave function. Within this formulation, we derive a momentum-related relation, referred to as the Schrödinger momentum equation, which provides an effective description of quantumpropagation. This relation allows for a unified discussion of several foundational aspects of quantum mechanics, including interference phenomena, coherence anddecoherence, and quantum correlations. The proposed framework is deterministic and explicitly nonlocal, and remains consistent with established experimental observations. In addition, we examine theimplications of this formulation for the interpretation of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, showing that uncertainty-type relations can be naturally obtained within thisapproach while preserving measurement-dependent limitations. Overall, the present work offers a complementary perspective on quantum mechanics that may contribute to ongoing discussions on its conceptual foundations.
In this work, we propose an alternative formulation for the description of quantum dynamics based on a displacement interpretation of the Schrödinger equation. Startingfrom a generalized wave propagation framework, we show that the Schrödinger equation can be recovered in a form that admits a displacement-type interpretation ofthe wave function. Within this formulation, we derive a momentum-related relation, referred to as the Schrödinger momentum equation, which provides an effective description of quantumpropagation. This relation allows for a unified discussion of several foundational aspects of quantum mechanics, including interference phenomena, coherence anddecoherence, and quantum correlations. The proposed framework is deterministic and explicitly nonlocal, and remains consistent with established experimental observations. In addition, we examine theimplications of this formulation for the interpretation of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, showing that uncertainty-type relations can be naturally obtained within thisapproach while preserving measurement-dependent limitations. Overall, the present work offers a complementary perspective on quantum mechanics that may contribute to ongoing discussions on its conceptual foundations.
Abstract The second chapter introduces the notion of wave functions and their equation of motion proposed by Erwin Schrödinger. The interpretation and normalization of the wave function are discussed, leading to the continuity equation. The chapter also introduces basic mathematical operations that can be carried out for wave functions and operators, describing e.g., how to calculate scalar products and commutators, as well as expectation values and variances of observables. With these tools at hand, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle is re-examined, focusing on the example of a Gaussian wave packet, which is studied both in position space and momentum space. We also discuss the time evolution of general states and of the exemplary wave packet. Finally, we will see how classical physics is recovered as a limiting case of the quantum-mechanical description
Quantum mechanics describes physical systems through probabilistic wave functions, accounting for phenomena such as wave–particle duality and the uncertainty principle. Although the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics is well established, conceptual understanding of how quantum entities transition between wave-like and particle-like behavior remains an active area of research. In this work, quantum mechanical principles are re-examined from an interaction-based perspective, emphasizing the roles of environmental coupling, measurement geometry, and energy exchange. Using the photoelectric effect, de Broglie relations, and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle as foundational elements, a conceptual framework is proposed in which particle identity emerges dynamically from wave interaction with matter and measurement constraints. This interpretation provides an intuitive bridge between classical reasoning and quantum behavior while fully preserving the standard mathematical structure of quantum mechanics...........Please check the attachment for details
In the first two chapters we have examined the basic principles – superposition (p. 18), complementarity (p. 19), quantization (p. 44), statistical algorithm (p. 57), and correspondence (p. 72) (see also Subsec. 2.3.4) – and the basic entities, observables and states, of quantum mechanics, as well as the main differences with respect to classical mechanics. While what we have discussed so far is rather a static picture of observables and states, in this chapter we shall deal with quantum dynamics, i.e. with the time evolution of quantum-mechanical systems. Historically, after Bohr had provided a quantized description of the atom (see Subsec. 1.5.4), Einstein showed the quantized nature of photons (see Subsec. 1.2.1), and de Broglie hypothized the wave-like nature of matter (see Subsec. 1.5.5), the first building block of quantum mechanics was provided by the commutation relations, proposed by Heisenberg in 1925, whose consequence is represented by the uncertainty relation (see Subsec. 2.2.7 and Sec. 2.3). This was the subject of the previous chapters. The dynamical part of the theory was proposed by Schrödinger in 1926, and is known as the Schrödinger equation. It is also known as wave mechanics (see Subsec. 1.5.7). In this chapter we shall show that Heisenberg's and Schrödinger's formulations are only two different aspects of the same theory. We shall also come back to this point in Sec. 8.1.1. Here, first we shall derive the fundamental equation which rules quantum dynamics (Sec. 3.1), and, in Sec. 3.2, we shall summarize the main properties of the Schrödinger equation.
In a complete quantum theory, one would construct it based on what we can observe in a system and operationally define in our universe. This philosophy goes back to some of the original ideals of quantum theory defined by W. Heisenberg, N. Bohr, and others as part of the Copenhagen school of thought. We argue in this letter that that if one wishes to construct a complete quantum field theory, that it is most natural to construct it based on a nonlocal theory of observable principles. If this interpretation is valid, then the one-particle nonrelativistic limit that recovers quantum mechanics would as well be dynamically nonlocal. In this interpretation we derive the nonlocal Schrödinger equation. We will as well demonstrate that the canonical position--momentum commutator and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle emerge from translation covariance.
Since the early twentieth century, quantum mechanics has sought an interpretation that offers a consistent worldview. In the course of that, many proposals were advanced, but all of them introduce, at some point, interpretation elements (semantics) that find no correlate in the formalism (syntactics). This distance from semantics and syntactics is one of the major reasons for finding so abstruse and diverse interpretations of the formalism. To overcome this issue, we propose an alternative stochastic interpretation, based exclusively on the formal structure of the Schrödinger equation, without resorting to external assumptions such as the collapse of the wave function or the role of the observer. We present four (mathematically equivalent) mathematical derivations of the Schrödinger equation based on four constructs: characteristic function, Boltzmann entropy, Central Limit Theorem (CLT), and Langevin equation. All of them resort to axioms already interpreted and offer complementary perspectives to the quantum formalism. The results show the possibility of deriving the Schrödinger equation from well-defined probabilistic principles and that the wave function represents a probability amplitude in the configuration space, with dispersions linked to the CLT. It is concluded that quantum mechanics has a stochastic support, originating from the separation between particle and field subsystems, allowing an objective description of quantum behavior as a mean-field theory, analogous, but not equal, to Brownian motion, without the need for arbitrary ontological entities.
We show that two central elements of quantum mechanics --- the uncertainty inequality and the wave form of dynamics --- admit a direct structural formulation in terms of Fourier theory and phase packet propagation. Starting from the identification ϕ=S/ℏ, we interpret physical states as finite-bandwidth phase signals. We demonstrate that the Heisenberg inequality follows immediately from the Fourier localization limit when identifying p=ℏk. Next, we show that the decomposition ψ=ReiS/ℏ leads to an equivalent description in terms of a continuity equation and a Hamilton--Jacobi equation modified by a quantum term. The Schrödinger equation then appears as the compact linear form of this dynamics. The result does not constitute a complete microscopic derivation of quantum mechanics, but establishes that its formal structure is compatible with general principles of signal propagation, bandwidth, and phase coherence.