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The Structure of Matter in the Realist Quantum Framework: Leptons, Neutrinos, and Quarks

Edward C. Larson

Published May 5, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This volume builds upon and continues development of the realist quantum framework (RQF), introduced and developed in https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5920722 and https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6194219.The RQF is based on a quantum ontology consisting of two fundamental ontic entities, called W-state and P-state, that respectively account for the wave- and particle-like aspects of quantum systems.W-state is wave-like, local, physical state, embodying the physicality of matter-energy, whereas P-state is particle-like, global, informational state, mediating entanglement effects and particle holism. The previous work focused principally on the theoretical minimum of W-state and P-state, showing how the two separate realms of reality can interoperate to produce non-local entanglement effects fully compliant with the causal structure and no-signaling stricture of special relativity. This new work focuses on the detailed structure of W-state, which is the structure of elementary particle matter in the SM: leptons, neutrinos, and quarks. Quantum theory and the core subject matter of nuclear physics is rebuilt from the ground up in the new realist framework.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.20031510

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Routledge eBooks•May 26, 2026•0 citations
This volume builds upon and continues development of the realist quantum framework (RQF), introduced and developed in https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5920722 and https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6194219.The RQF is based on a quantum ontology consisting of two fundamental ontic entities, called W-state and P-state, that respectively account for the wave- and particle-like aspects of quantum systems.W-state is wave-like, local, physical state, embodying the physicality of matter-energy, whereas P-state is particle-like, global, informational state, mediating entanglement effects and particle holism. The previous work focused principally on the theoretical minimum of W-state and P-state, showing how the two separate realms of reality can interoperate to produce non-local entanglement effects fully compliant with the causal structure and no-signaling stricture of special relativity. This new work focuses on the detailed structure of W-state, which is the structure of elementary particle matter in the SM: leptons, neutrinos, and quarks. Quantum theory and the core subject matter of nuclear physics is rebuilt from the ground up in the new realist framework.
This volume builds upon and continues development of the realist quantum framework (RQF), introduced and developed in https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5920722, https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6194219, and zenodo.org/records/20581089. The RQF is based on a quantum ontology consisting of two fundamental ontic entities, called W-state and P-state, that respectively account for the wave- and particle-like aspects of quantum systems. W-state is wave-like, local, physical state, embodying the physicality of matter-energy, whereas P-state is particle-like, global, informational state, mediating entanglement effects and particle holism. The previous work focused principally on the theoretical minimum of W-state and P-state (i.e., showing how the two separate realms of reality can interoperate to produce non-local entanglement effects fully compliant with the causal structure and no-signaling stricture of special relativity) and the detailed structure of W-state (leptons, neutrinos, and quarks). This paper extends the RQF to cosmology, addressing the key topics of quantum gravity, origin of inertia, and phasal polarity (matter and anti-matter). It offers an Analysis of Alternatives that was historically lacking in the acceptance of Lemaitre's primeval atom.
The RQF is primarily a quantum foundations solution. Its chief motivation is to answer basic story-telling questions about Nature that the last 125 years have been unable to answer, owing to foundational disarray stemming from the conceptual intractability that has pervaded quantum physics. The RQF is all about the what, where, when, and how of quantum physics, as it plays out in space-time arena of special and general relativity. It is based on a quantum ontology consisting of two fundamental ontic entities, called W-state and P-state, that respectively account for the wave- and particle-like aspects of quantum systems. W-state is wave-like, local, physical state, embodying the physicality of matter-energy, whereas P-state is particle-like, global, informational state, mediating entanglement effects and particle holism. Historically, the single most difficult challenge of putting quantum theory on a realist footing has been to provide mechanistic explanation of how weak non-locality, manifest in entanglement phenomenology, can be squared with the no-signaling stricture of special relativity (SR). The challenge is so centrally important to making sense of quantum physics that the theoretical minimum of the RQF is dedicated exclusively to addressing and resolving it. Work to date consists of four papers: [1] The pilot paper (https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5920722) focuses principally on quantum foundations and the theoretical minimum of W-state and P-state, showing how the two separate realms of reality can interoperate to produce non-local entanglement effects fully compliant with the causal structure and no-signaling stricture of special relativity. [2] https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6194219 is a shorter paper, identifying multi-situationality, not probability, as the central metaphor of quantum physics. Multi-situationality signifies the facet of physical reality that permits two or more situations to coexist, despite their being mutually incompatible by all classical reckoning. The RQF interprets the uncertainty principle as a mandate for a minimal level of multi-situationality in quantum systems. [3] zenodo.org/records/20581089 elaborates on the detailed structure of W-state, which is the structure of elementary particle matter in the Standard Model: leptons, neutrinos, and quarks. Quantum theory and the core subject matter of nuclear physics are rebuilt from the ground up in the new realist framework. [4] zenodo.org/records/20671848 extends the RQF to cosmology, addressing the key topics of quantum gravity, origin of inertia, and phasal polarity (matter and anti-matter). It offers an Analysis of Alternatives that was historically lacking in the acceptance of Lemaitre's primeval atom.
The RQF is primarily a quantum foundations solution. Its chief motivation is to answer basic story-telling questions about Nature that the last 125 years have been unable to answer, owing to foundational disarray stemming from the conceptual intractability that has pervaded quantum physics. The RQF is all about the what, where, when, and how of quantum physics, as it plays out in the space-time arena of special and general relativity. It is based on a quantum ontology consisting of two fundamental ontic entities, called W-state and P-state, that respectively account for the wave- and particle-like aspects of quantum systems. W-state is wave-like, local, physical state, embodying the physicality of matter-energy, whereas P-state is particle-like, global, informational state, mediating entanglement effects and particle holism. Historically, the single most difficult challenge of putting quantum theory on a realist footing has been to provide mechanistic explanation of how weak non-locality, manifest in entanglement phenomenology, can be squared with the no-signaling stricture of special relativity (SR). The challenge is so centrally important to making sense of quantum physics that the theoretical minimum of the RQF is dedicated exclusively to addressing and resolving it. Work to date consists of four papers: [1] The pilot paper (https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5920722) focuses principally on quantum foundations and the theoretical minimum of W-state and P-state, showing how the two separate realms of reality can interoperate to produce non-local entanglement effects fully compliant with the causal structure and no-signaling stricture of special relativity. [2] https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6194219 is a shorter paper, identifying multi-situationality, not probability, as the central metaphor of quantum physics. Multi-situationality signifies the facet of physical reality that permits two or more situations to coexist, despite their being mutually incompatible by all classical reckoning. The RQF interprets the uncertainty principle as a mandate for a minimal level of multi-situationality in quantum systems. [3] zenodo.org/records/20581089 elaborates on the detailed structure of W-state, which is the structure of elementary particle matter in the Standard Model: leptons, neutrinos, and quarks. Quantum theory and the core subject matter of nuclear physics are rebuilt from the ground up in the new realist framework. [4] zenodo.org/records/20671848 extends the RQF to cosmology, addressing the key topics of quantum gravity, origin of inertia, and phasal polarity (matter and anti-matter). It offers an Analysis of Alternatives that was historically lacking in the acceptance of Lemaitre's primeval atom.
This volume presents a comprehensive realist framework encompassing quantum foundations, quantum gravity, and the origin of inertia (Mach's Principle). It develops and builds upon a quantum ontology consisting of two fundamental ontic entities, called W-state and P-state, that respectively account for the wave- and particle-like aspects of quantum systems. W-state is a generalization of the wavefunction, but has ontic stature and is defined on the joint time-frequency domain. It constitutes a non-classical local reality, consisting of superpositions of quantum waves writ small. P-state enforces entanglement obligations and mediates the global coordination within quantum systems required to bring about wavefunction collapse in causal fashion consistent with special relativity. Quantum theory is rebuilt from the ground up, and the development then proceeds to quantum gravity, which is solved surprisingly easily once a good quantum foundations solution is in hand. It is solved not in the Planck regime, but in the testable regime of classical general relativity. The two great theories are intermeshed, and proposed testable solutions for the dark matter conundrum and origin of inertia are set forth. Both depend on non-local gravitational sourcing via P-state. The overall result is a robust architectural foundation for a (still elusive) Theory of Everything.
This comprehensive paper presents a unified synthesis of quantum mechanics, particle physics, and cosmological implications, establishing a coherent ontological framework for understanding the fundamental structure of matter and its relationship to mortality and consciousness. We establish that reality operates through a clear hierarchical structure: from fundamental particles (electrons, photons, quarks) to composite particles (protons, neutrons) to bound systems (atoms, molecules) to classical structures (matter, life, consciousness). Central to this work is the distinction between stable quantum objects (particularly electrons) and mortal composite structures (nuclei, atoms, molecules). We present an interpretive framework in which electrons are entities of extraordinary stability that perpetually embody wave-particle duality without requiring actualization into classical point particles. Measurement outcomes emerge from entanglement-induced decoherence involving third quantum objects rather than wave-function collapse, preserving unitary evolution throughout. This framework builds upon and extends established decoherence theory, particularly the work of Zurek, while offering a more explicit ontological commitment to persistent duality as an intrinsic electron property. Electron stability is qualified accurately: electrons are protected from decay under the conditions prevailing in our matter-dominated universe. In matter-antimatter environments, electron-positron annihilation does occur. The framework maintains consistency with the Born rule, empirical evidence, and existing quantum mechanical predictions while providing ontological clarity regarding the nature of reality
We like to take stock of the matter now, after we have presented different aspects of quantum-like reality proposal. We started by observing that the objective realist picture of the world as proposed by Newtonian-Hamiltonian framework, and much endorsed by scientists and philosophers from different domains of knowledge, could not stand the test of time. Particularly since the 1920s, it got clarified that the same picture of reality would be an obvious failure in the microphysical realm, the quantum-physical realm. Since the 1920s, the world witnessed the rise of the Copenhagen framework, with various interpretations over time. Most of these interpretations (whether ontological, non-ontological or epistemological) were in contrast to the classical physics ontology (either waves or particles with definite trajectories). Such varied interpretations have largely generated two ideological camps, realist and anti-realist. The realist camp (including diverse frameworks like Bohmian pilot wave theory, Everettian multiverse theory, to David Albert-led wave function realism [ Albert, 2023 ]) attempted to provide a new ontology of the world, whereas the non-realist camp (particularly the original Copenhagen camp) wanted to challenge the very attempt of whether at all an objective picture of microphysical reality is even possible to imagine.