From Bell to Tsirelson without Hilbert-space formalism: a deterministic nonlocal apparatus of the Vector System (SV) with a ternary alphabet, uniqueness of the coupled factual angular correlator, and a structural derivation of the quantum bound
Following the operative pattern of the absorption of E₀ = m₀c² as basal rest sector of the Sistema Vectorial SV (Lloret Egea, 2026g), this document proposes and proves the absorption of Bell's local bound CHSH ≤ 2 and the quantum bound of Tsirelson 2√2 as two operative manifestations of one and the same coupled angular factual apparatus of the Sistema Vectorial SV. The construction articulates the CHSH regime in three structurally distinct sub-regimes (R₀ uncoupled, R₁ weakly coupled, R₂ strongly coupled) parametrized by the structural coupling coefficient χ_c. On R₀, the Bell bound holds as exact algebraic invariant T ≡ 0 (mod 2) on the finite field 𝔽₂, with exact compliance verified on 78 772 cases without a single counterexample. On R₂ at full saturation (χ_c = 1), the Tsirelson bound 2√2 emerges as structural saturation of the unique coupled angular correlator admitted by the SV, with numerical verification at machine precision. The technical core of the document is the introduction of the Coupled Angular Factual Calculus of the Sistema Vectorial SV as a new mathematical apparatus, whose central result is the Theorem of Uniqueness of the Coupled Factual Cosine: under nine structural axioms of the SV apparatus — angular dependence, full anticorrelation in basis coincidence, full correlation in opposite basis, parity, polar complementarity, normalized factual conjugate component, standard SO(2) composition law on the auxiliary function C̃ = −C_SV, structural continuity, and minimal angular fidelity of the CHSH-SV apparatus — the only admissible coupled angular correlator is C_SV(δ) = −cos δ. The Tsirelson bound 2√2 emerges from this theorem as canonical saturation of the unique angular factual representation admitted by the apparatus, without invocation of Hilbert formalism, complex probabilistic amplitudes, or probability as truth criterion. The construction is compatible with operational compatibility with the experimental record, measurement freedom, and the experimental record cited herein. The Sistema Vectorial SV is positioned as a fourth technical reading of the Bell apparatus, complementary to and distinct from superdeterminism, post-quantum boxes, and generalized probabilistic theories, with three differentiating properties: deterministic discipline without grounding probability, structural derivation of the Tsirelson bound without Hilbert importation, and simultaneous compatibility with structural non-locality, operational compatibility with the experimental record, and measurement freedom. --- Note: Canonical material source on GitHub: https://github.com/juantoniolloretegea/SV-matematica-semantica/tree/main/documentos/adendas/matematica-fisica-factual-contemporanea-sv/de-bell-a-tsirelson-sin-formalismo-hilbert. Supplementary reproducible laboratory deposit on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20020201. These canonical sources are provided to facilitate direct consultation of the living textual record, reproducible laboratory verification and reader-side translation through standard browser translation tools when required.
Following the operative pattern of the absorption of E₀ = m₀c² as basal rest sector of the Sistema Vectorial SV (Lloret Egea, 2026g), this document proposes and proves the absorption of Bell's local bound CHSH ≤ 2 and the quantum bound of Tsirelson 2√2 as two operative manifestations of one and the same coupled angular factual apparatus of the Sistema Vectorial SV. The construction articulates the CHSH regime in three structurally distinct sub-regimes (R₀ uncoupled, R₁ weakly coupled, R₂ strongly coupled) parametrized by the structural coupling coefficient χ_c. On R₀, the Bell bound holds as exact algebraic invariant T ≡ 0 (mod 2) on the finite field 𝔽₂, with exact compliance verified on 78 772 cases without a single counterexample. On R₂ at full saturation (χ_c = 1), the Tsirelson bound 2√2 emerges as structural saturation of the unique coupled angular correlator admitted by the SV, with numerical verification at machine precision. The technical core of the document is the introduction of the Coupled Angular Factual Calculus of the Sistema Vectorial SV as a new mathematical apparatus, whose central result is the Theorem of Uniqueness of the Coupled Factual Cosine: under nine structural axioms of the SV apparatus — angular dependence, full anticorrelation in basis coincidence, full correlation in opposite basis, parity, polar complementarity, normalized factual conjugate component, standard SO(2) composition law on the auxiliary function C̃ = −C_SV, structural continuity, and minimal angular fidelity of the CHSH-SV apparatus — the only admissible coupled angular correlator is C_SV(δ) = −cos δ. The Tsirelson bound 2√2 emerges from this theorem as canonical saturation of the unique angular factual representation admitted by the apparatus, without invocation of Hilbert formalism, complex probabilistic amplitudes, or probability as truth criterion. The construction is compatible with operational compatibility with the experimental record, measurement freedom, and the experimental record cited herein. The Sistema Vectorial SV is positioned as a fourth technical reading of the Bell apparatus, complementary to and distinct from superdeterminism, post-quantum boxes, and generalized probabilistic theories, with three differentiating properties: deterministic discipline without grounding probability, structural derivation of the Tsirelson bound without Hilbert importation, and simultaneous compatibility with structural non-locality, operational compatibility with the experimental record, and measurement freedom. --- Note: Canonical material source on GitHub: https://github.com/juantoniolloretegea/SV-matematica-semantica/tree/main/documentos/adendas/matematica-fisica-factual-contemporanea-sv/de-bell-a-tsirelson-sin-formalismo-hilbert. Supplementary reproducible laboratory deposit on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20020201. These canonical sources are provided to facilitate direct consultation of the living textual record, reproducible laboratory verification and reader-side translation through standard browser translation tools when required.
In 1964, John Bell showed that any local hidden‑variable theory must satisfy a specific inequality on correlations between distant measurements. In its CHSH form (Clauser, Horne, Shimony, Holt 1969), the inequality reads |S| = |E(a,b) + E(a,b′) + E(a′,b) − E(a′,b′)| ≤ 2, where E(a,b) is the correlation between measurement outcomes at two separated parties using settings a and b. Any local realist theory respects this bound. Quantum mechanics violates it. Experiments confirm the violation. The standard quantum prediction for a maximally entangled state with optimal measurement angles is |S| = 2√2 ≈ 2.828. In 1980, Boris Tsirelson proved that 2√2 is not just one quantum prediction — it is the *maximum* value any quantum correlation can produce. No quantum state, no measurement scheme, no clever protocol can push |S| beyond 2√2. The bound is sharp, the value is exact, and it has been measured in laboratories around the world to experimental precision. The Tsirelson bound is one of the deepest empirical structures in physics. It tells us that quantum correlations exceed classical correlations by a specific, finite amount — there is room to violate Bell’s inequality, but only so much room. The number 2√2 has no obvious physical interpretation. It does not appear in the formulation of quantum mechanics. It emerges from the mathematics of the bipartite Hilbert space when the CHSH operator is constructed and bounded. The question is where it comes from. In standard QM, the answer is that it falls out of the Hilbert‑space structure plus Cauchy–Schwarz plus an operator‑norm bound on the CHSH operator. Technically correct, and Tsirelson’s 1980 proof remains the canonical derivation — but it leaves the deeper structure unanswered. The Hilbert space is postulated. The inner product that makes Cauchy–Schwarz available is postulated. The bipartite tensor‑product structure on H_A ⊗ H_B is postulated. The 2√2 value is what those postulates produce when run through the CHSH operator. This walkthrough shows how the Event Density framework derives the Tsirelson bound from a smaller set of structural commitments. The Hilbert‑space structure, the inner product, and the bipartite tensor‑product structure all emerge as forced consequences of the substrate ontology rather than being postulated. With those structures forced rather than assumed, Tsirelson’s 1980 argument applies directly, and the 2√2 value is no longer the output of a chain of postulates but the output of a chain of derived theorems. Like Heisenberg, Bell–Tsirelson is a place where the framework’s contribution is upstream. The bound itself is mathematical physics already in the literature; what changes is the foundational status of the structures the argument requires. ED does not produce a new derivation step beyond standard QM here — it removes the postulational status of the structures the standard derivation already uses. The 2√2 value is now a derived consequence of the substrate ontology, all the way down.
For finite-dimensional binary systems and their bipartite composites, this paper establishes a conditional representation chain from a physical–observation dual-axis structure to quantum Bell correlations. An observational fact is jointly generated by a complete physical state and a complete observation state. Additivity and associativity of coherent responses, two-sided cancellation, and a full circle group of scalar phase transport select C among finite-dimensional unital associative real response algebras. Reversible mixing then determines a Hermitian metric up to an overall positive factor. Normalized two-channel responses form S3, and quotienting by their common phase yields the rank-one observation-event space and, with an outcome label, the pure observation fiber S3/U(1)=CP1≃S2. The universal bilinear composite of two independent systems is C4. Probabilities are first assigned within complete measurement contexts. Events with the same response filter are operationally interchangeable, so the local assignments glue along the observation axis into a positive orthogonally additive measure on the full projection lattice. Gleason's theorem then gives the unique trace representation p(P∣x)=Tr(ρxP), while composite marginal consistency returns the trace pairing to each local binary fiber. Every two-qubit correlation therefore has the universal form Eρ(a,b)=aTTρb. Joint rotational invariance and perfect equal-axis anticorrelation uniquely fix Tρ=−I3, producing the singlet cosine law E=−a⋅b=−cosθ. Finally, the local commutators in the squared CHSH operator confine all realizable correlations to 22. Fine-measurement completeness supplies saturating directions, while sharp preparation and reversible covariance make the singlet accessible. Thus CP1, the Born pairing, the cosine correlation law, and the Tsirelson bound arise within one chain linking phase structure, independent composition, and cross-context probability consistency.
ON THE VERSION NUMBER. "v3" is the version of the NOTE, not of this Zenodo deposit. Versions 1 (February 2026) and 2 were circulated privately and never deposited; v1 contained four errors of substance, which are stated with their repairs in the "What changed" section rather than quietly removed. This is the first Zenodo deposit, so if you see a deposit counter it will not match the document version. The document version is the one that matters for citation. Preprint, version 3 (complete rewrite). This note is the synthesis of the contextuality-obstructions program; the proofs live in the companion papers. The proposal is that the Copenhagen viewpoint, stripped of its rhetoric, is a set of structural statements about one geometric object: the transformation groupoid of measurement contexts (maximal abelian subalgebras) with its canonical U(1) 2-cocycle. In that formulation: local validity, the exact classicality of every single context, is a theorem with an explicit witness; complementarity is the nonvanishing holonomy of the cocycle along closed context loops, which detects exactly the all-versus-nothing sector of contextuality; collapse is pinned by statistics, repeatability and covariance to a one-parameter family per degenerate block whose unique efficient member is the Lueders rule, with a classical twin theorem identifying the same axioms' classical solution as Bayesian conditioning; observer-relativity of facts and the movable cut are theorems of an enlarged observer-context category; and the Frauchiger-Renner argument localizes to an ordinary state-dependent violation, with contextual fraction exactly 1/6, carried by a single CHSH facet, the loop holonomy of the observer switch being provably trivial. ATTRIBUTION. The classification of achievable state-independent values, the even/odd dichotomy and the fixed value d/2, is due to Abramsky, Cercelescu and Constantin (FSCD 2024). It is recast here in certificate language; the priority is theirs and is stated in the text. HARDWARE CAVEAT, STATED UP FRONT. Two signatures were measured on superconducting hardware. The quoted significances, about 56 sigma for the triangle holonomy and 35.4 sigma for the Peres-Mermin witness above the deterministic bound 4, are shot-noise statistical only, computed under the implemented model. They are not systematics-aware, and neither experiment is loophole-free. Read them as consistency checks on real hardware, not as precision measurements. ERRATA. Version 1 of this note contained four errors of substance. Section "What changed" states each of them and its repair. They are recorded rather than quietly removed. STATUS AND SCOPE. This is a preprint, not a peer-reviewed article. Each tenet is either a theorem of the companion papers, a machine-verified certificate in the public suite, or is explicitly labeled a conjecture. The paper offers structural characterizations within its stated axioms; it is not an interpretation-free derivation of Copenhagen and it does not claim to resolve the measurement problem. AI-ASSISTANCE DISCLOSURE. This work was carried out with substantial AI assistance. Every load-bearing claim is machine-verified by scripts that ship with the papers, and the author takes full responsibility for the contents. COMPANIONS. Paper A: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21630431 . Paper B: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21630630 . Paper D: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21630697 . Paper C: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21633744 (posted 2026-07-28, after three adversarial review passes; it carries a labelled retraction of an earlier sqrt(2) reading). VERIFICATION CODE. https://github.com/manuflog/contextuality-obstructions
Relational Formation and the Bell Bound investigates an alternative structural reading of Bell-type correlations. Rather than assuming that alternative measurement settings reveal values attributable to a single pre-existing complete state, the paper introduces a minimal Relational Formation Algebra (RFA) in which a definite relational state is formed under the realized context. The framework is developed through four stages, R0–R3, describing a pre-relational possibility space, contextual relational formation, intrinsic compatibility through composition, and subsequent observational projection. A further condition, R4 (local substructure consistency), requires globally context-dependent relational states to retain locally consistent marginal structure. Two reproducible blind numerical experiments explore the resulting correlation domain. An unrestricted R0–R3 ensemble produces Bell violations but also permits CHSH values above the Tsirelson bound. In a structured bipartite realization satisfying R4 to numerical precision, Bell violations remain common while none of 30,000 randomized trials exceeds 2\sqrt{2}. The paper then examines the corresponding binary, cross-compatible operator algebra and the elementary origin of the 2\sqrt{2} norm bound. The proposal is not presented as a refutation of Bell’s theorem or CHSH, nor as an independent derivation of quantum mechanics. Instead, it asks whether the assumption of a pre-existing jointly attributable order can be replaced by a framework in which complete order is formed relationally while local consistency is retained. The conceptual distinction is summarized by the proposition: “Relation does not select an order. Relation forms the order.” The work includes the numerical parameters and fixed random seeds required to reproduce the reported simulations and references the original EPR (1935), Bell (1964), and CHSH (1969) papers. AI assistance: ChatGPT (OpenAI) was used as a collaborative tool for mathematical exploration, numerical simulation, structural analysis, and preparation of the manuscript. The conceptual direction, interpretation, selection of hypotheses, and responsibility for the published content remain with the human author.
This is the data set for the published, peer reviewed paper: https://ijqf.org/archives/8027 "Phenomenological Velocity and Bell–CHSH: Exceptional-Locus Semantics, Selection Simulations of − cos, and a Microcausal Realization:" https://ijqf.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/IJQF2026v12n2p10.pdf Bell--CHSH is often read as a universal prohibition on \emph{local hidden variables}. Mathematically, however, the CHSH bound S≤2 is a theorem about a particular hypothesis class: a \emph{single} Kolmogorov probability space carrying all counterfactual outcomes, together with measurement independence, Bell locality (factorized response functions), and bounded outputs. On that class the proof is pointwise and unconditional, so no algebraic reformulation of a parameter (including a ``phenomenological velocity'' (PV)) can yield Tsirelson-scale singlet correlations E(a,b)=−cos(a−b) on a Tsirelson quartet. We then make precise two distinct ways in which PV can remain meaningful as a \emph{local} and in that sense ``hidden'' parameter while coexisting with Tsirelson-scale correlations, without contradicting Bell's theorem. First, we formalize ``exceptional-locus/defined-only'' conventions as setting-dependent acceptance (post-selection): reported correlators are conditional expectations under a setting-indexed family of accepted laws {νab}. Within this rung-1 semantics we give an explicit Bell-local deterministic base model whose accepted-sample joint law exactly matches the singlet law (unbiased marginals and correlator −cos(a−b)) for all a,b, via an explicit acceptance rule γ(a,b,λ)∈[0,1]. Second, we give a PV-indexed microcausal (operator-algebraic) realization: PV parameterizes a canonical SU(2) unitary that conjugates local observables inside commuting Alice/Bob subalgebras, and in the singlet state the unconditional correlator equals −cos(a−b) and attains Tsirelson's value 22. The results clarify a semantic and structural trichotomy: any ``PV-to-Tsirelson'' account must (i) change the effective ensemble by selection/context, or (ii) leave the Kolmogorov (commutative) model class (e.g.\ via noncommutativity or quasi-probability), or (iii) relax a Bell premise such as measurement independence or Bell locality. In this sense, Bell--CHSH constrains a specific formalization of hidden variables rather than ownership of the terms ``local'', ``real'', or ``hidden'' in physics discourse.
A Kernel-Role Determinacy Theorem for Bell-Witness Fixation, No-Signaling, and Tensor-Level Compatibility This manuscript develops a fixed-domain AASC analysis of Bell-nonlocal quantum entanglement as a theorem of reusable witness determinacy. It does not introduce hidden variables, modify quantum mechanics, derive Hilbert-space formalism from below, or propose a new signaling mechanism. Instead, it asks a prior structural question: once a Bell-type operational family is used as the same non-degenerate witness across settings, lawful transformations, retained records, comparison, and later classification, what admissible same-domain standing form is forced? The governing claim is that AASC is not an optional interpretive overlay on physics. Once an operational Bell family is asserted as a determinate reusable witness, admissibility, standing, reference, and irreversibility are already active as minimal necessity conditions of same-witness objecthood. Target instantiation therefore carries governance occupancy: an alleged determinate Bell witness with no admissible governance realization is not an empty alternative, but a refusal or retyping of the target. The manuscript defines finite operational Bell objects with explicit setting carriers, outcome families, channel/interface data, standing-token valuations, continuation and report/reuse structure, comparison profiles, and act-time status. It then defines object-indexed query sorts, dependent response families, exactly recoverable operational simulations, lawful Bell groupoids, six governance-effect functors, and target-active extensional governance equivalence. The result is a typed interface in which arbitrary native formalisms can be compared by their target-bearing governance effects rather than by their internal syntax. The central Bell-specific theorem states that every same-target candidate-admissible Bell-governance construction is forced component by component into the certified boundary-compatible standing form on the complete target-active practice. Candidate admissibility does not assume the canonical form at the outset. Instead, target occupancy, lawful transport, standing-flow exclusion, compatibility certification, coordinate-deviation exhaustion, and componentwise closure force exact target-bearing realization and governance equivalence to the canonical representative CP∗C^{*}_{P}CP∗. The target-induced governance quotient therefore has exactly one element. The Bell carrier is treated as a compatible empirical model on a finite measurement cover. Bell-local completion is identified with the existence of a global section, and Bell nonlocality is the obstruction to such a section. The manuscript separates operational marginal invariance, absence of controllable communication, and exclusion of same-domain standing transport. No-signaling is therefore preserved without retyping Bell nonlocality as superluminal communication, metric transport, distant repair, or hidden standing transfer. The finite-dimensional quantum specialization uses the standard bipartite tensor-product and local-POVM carrier. Every separable realization in that carrier is Bell-local; therefore, if the fixed Bell-nonlocal empirical model has such a finite-dimensional quantum realization, every realizing state in that carrier is entangled. Post-quantum Bell-nonlocal no-signaling models remain within the general witness theorem but outside the quantum-entanglement corollary. The accompanying Lean 4 development, release v0.8.0, directly verifies the finite Bell-side witness carrier: denominator-32 vector/Born weights, structural no-signaling, CHSH numerator 808080, all sixteen deterministic local extrema, finite denominator-32 Bell-local-envelope exclusion, and conditional endpoint routing. Its direct witness certificate is vectorBorn_flagship_spine, and its deepest released endpoint is reasonableDeepestFiniteEntanglement_spine. The manuscript-level typed governance interface, empirical lawful groupoid, compatibility equivalence, coordinate-deviation exhaustion, completed role collapse, candidate-to-canonical derivation, and finite-dimensional quantum specialization are not attributed to the released Lean layer. This paper is the Bell-witness member of the paired AASC quantum determinacy arc. The record-side manuscript, Admissible Record Construction in Physically Non-Selective Quantum Regimes, fixes when local physical record occurrences stand as the same evidential record objects. The present manuscript fixes when the Bell operational family sampled by such records stands as the same reusable witness. The paired endpoint is therefore: record-role fixation+Bell-witness compatibility.\text{record-role fixation} + \text{Bell-witness compatibility}.record-role fixation+Bell-witness compatibility. The manuscript is classificatory and eliminative rather than mechanistic. It does not claim that AASC generates the Bell probabilities or supplies a hidden physical influence. Its claim is that reusable Bell-witness determinacy strongly constrains how Bell-nonlocal correlations may be coherently classified on a fixed domain: not as independently complete local states later connected by a mechanism, not as Bell-local hidden-variable value assignments, not as superluminal signaling, and not as same-act repair, but as boundary-level compatibility carried by one standing-preserving Bell witness.