Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review Applied

Quantum key distribution with continuous-variable photonic quantum networks

Junli Jiang, Xin-Zhu Liu, Song-Ya Ma, Li-Ming Zhao, Xue Yang, Ming-Xing Luo

Published Apr 27, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1103/7flw-l383

Related papers

Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: current status and prospects

Takuya Hirano

The Japan Society of Applied Physics•Jul 6, 2021•0 citations

Composable security analysis of an experimental continuous-variable quantum key distribution system operating with polar codes

Irina O. Vorontsova, R. Goncharov, I. M. Filipov +8 more

The integration of a continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) system with a transmitted local oscillator into existing telecommunication infrastructure is presented and analyzed in terms of both its experimental implementation and theoretical security aspects. We studied the operation of the proposed system for its practical parameters and obtained the secure key. The choice of an algorithm for post-processing is also discussed and justified. Composable security analysis is fulfilled in the trusted noise paradigm for the real parameters of the proposed continuous-variable quantum key distribution system, with unambiguous state discrimination and photon-number-splitting attacks addressed in detail. The implemented CV-QKD system can be used to create metropolitan area quantum networks for both commercial and public organizations’ purposes requiring frequent secure key updates, as well as for scaling backbone quantum networks.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Nov 11, 2025•1 citation

Dynamic Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution for Securing a Future Global Quantum Network

MT Sayat, Sebastian P. Kish, PK Lam +2 more

Abstract Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is a developing method to secure information exchange in future quantum networks. With the recent developments in quantum technology and greater access to space, a global quantum network secured by CVQKD can be within reach. In this work, the structures of existing QKD networks are analyzed, and how they can be fit into a general overarching three‐layer QKD network architecture for the endeavor of a global QKD network. Such a network can comprise different links in fiber and free‐space. The finite size limit secret key rates (SKRs) with multidimensional reconciliation are calculated for the different links for which CVQKD can be used in such a network. The results show that CVQKD generally achieves longer distances and larger SKRs in inter‐satellite, satellite‐to‐ground, fiber, and underwater links in descending order. The different links and nodes are classified and secret key distribution is studied as a graph problem. The link capacity, a routing metric for secret key distribution, which considers a dynamic SKR based on dynamic links is presented. Its use in simulated CVQKD networks is presented for the aim of spatiotemporal secret key distribution through a dynamic CVQKD network.

•Oct 1, 2025•0 citations

Integrated Photonics for Quantum Key Distribution

Philip Sibson, Alasdair B. Price, Stasja Stanisic +4 more

•Sep 16, 2016•0 citations

Quantum Key Distribution with Continuous Variables in Optics

Timothy C. Ralph

arXiv:quant-ph/0109096•Springer eBooks•Jan 1, 2003•2 citations

Dynamic Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution for Securing a Future Global Quantum Network

Mikhael Sayat, Sebastian P. Kish, Ping Koy Lam +2 more

Abstract Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is a developing method to secure information exchange in future quantum networks. With the recent developments in quantum technology and greater access to space, a global quantum network secured by CVQKD can be within reach. In this work, the structures of existing QKD networks are analyzed, and how they can be fit into a general overarching three‐layer QKD network architecture for the endeavor of a global QKD network. Such a network can comprise different links in fiber and free‐space. The finite size limit secret key rates (SKRs) with multidimensional reconciliation are calculated for the different links for which CVQKD can be used in such a network. The results show that CVQKD generally achieves longer distances and larger SKRs in inter‐satellite, satellite‐to‐ground, fiber, and underwater links in descending order. The different links and nodes are classified and secret key distribution is studied as a graph problem. The link capacity, a routing metric for secret key distribution, which considers a dynamic SKR based on dynamic links is presented. Its use in simulated CVQKD networks is presented for the aim of spatiotemporal secret key distribution through a dynamic CVQKD network.

arXiv:2502.11746•Advanced Quantum Technologies•Jun 11, 2025•5 citations
The integration of a continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) system with a transmitted local oscillator into existing telecommunication infrastructure is presented and analyzed in terms of both its experimental implementation and theoretical security aspects. We studied the operation of the proposed system for its practical parameters and obtained the secure key. The choice of an algorithm for post-processing is also discussed and justified. Composable security analysis is fulfilled in the trusted noise paradigm for the real parameters of the proposed continuous-variable quantum key distribution system, with unambiguous state discrimination and photon-number-splitting attacks addressed in detail. The implemented CV-QKD system can be used to create metropolitan area quantum networks for both commercial and public organizations’ purposes requiring frequent secure key updates, as well as for scaling backbone quantum networks.
Abstract Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is a developing method to secure information exchange in future quantum networks. With the recent developments in quantum technology and greater access to space, a global quantum network secured by CVQKD can be within reach. In this work, the structures of existing QKD networks are analyzed, and how they can be fit into a general overarching three‐layer QKD network architecture for the endeavor of a global QKD network. Such a network can comprise different links in fiber and free‐space. The finite size limit secret key rates (SKRs) with multidimensional reconciliation are calculated for the different links for which CVQKD can be used in such a network. The results show that CVQKD generally achieves longer distances and larger SKRs in inter‐satellite, satellite‐to‐ground, fiber, and underwater links in descending order. The different links and nodes are classified and secret key distribution is studied as a graph problem. The link capacity, a routing metric for secret key distribution, which considers a dynamic SKR based on dynamic links is presented. Its use in simulated CVQKD networks is presented for the aim of spatiotemporal secret key distribution through a dynamic CVQKD network.
Abstract Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is a developing method to secure information exchange in future quantum networks. With the recent developments in quantum technology and greater access to space, a global quantum network secured by CVQKD can be within reach. In this work, the structures of existing QKD networks are analyzed, and how they can be fit into a general overarching three‐layer QKD network architecture for the endeavor of a global QKD network. Such a network can comprise different links in fiber and free‐space. The finite size limit secret key rates (SKRs) with multidimensional reconciliation are calculated for the different links for which CVQKD can be used in such a network. The results show that CVQKD generally achieves longer distances and larger SKRs in inter‐satellite, satellite‐to‐ground, fiber, and underwater links in descending order. The different links and nodes are classified and secret key distribution is studied as a graph problem. The link capacity, a routing metric for secret key distribution, which considers a dynamic SKR based on dynamic links is presented. Its use in simulated CVQKD networks is presented for the aim of spatiotemporal secret key distribution through a dynamic CVQKD network.