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Wireless Personal Communications

Securing ($$\alpha -\kappa -\mu$$)- Shadowed Fading Channels with Opportunistic Relaying: A PHY Security Analysis

Md. Firoz Mahmud, A. S. M. Badrudduza, Md. Ibrahim, Md. Shakhawat Hossen, Zerin Nusrat

Published Apr 20, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11277-026-12011-6

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The secrecy of wireless multicast networks is greatly hampered due to the simultaneous presence of fading and shadowing, which can be enhanced using random attributes of the propagation medium. This work focuses on utilizing those attributes to enhance the physical layer security (PHY security) performance of a dual-hop wireless multicast network over kappa-mu shadowed fading channel under the wiretapping attempts of multiple eavesdroppers. In order to raise the secrecy level, we employ multiple relays with the best relay selection strategy. Performance analysis has been carried out based on the mathematical modeling in terms of closed-form expressions of the probability of non-zero secrecy multicast capacity, secure outage probability for multicasting, and ergodic secrecy multicast capacity. Capitalizing on those expressions, we analyze how the system parameters (i.e. fading, shadowing, the number of antennas, destination receivers, eavesdroppers, and relays) affect the secrecy performance. Our numerical results show that the detrimental impacts due to fading and shadowing can be remarkably mitigated using the well-known opportunistic relaying technique. Moreover, the proposed model unifies secrecy analysis of several classical models, thereby exhibits enormous versatility than the existing works. Finally, all the numerical results are authenticated utilizing Monte-Carlo simulations.

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The effects of scatterers, fluctuation parameter and propagation clusters significantly affect the performance of κ-μ shadowed fading channel. On the other hand, opportunistic relaying is an efficient technique to improve the performance of fading channels reducing the effects of aforementioned parameters. Motivated by these issues, in this paper, a secure wireless multicasting scenario through κ-μ shadowed fading channel is considered in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers with opportunistic relaying. The main purpose of this paper is to ensure the security level in wireless multicasting compensating the loss of security due to the effects of power ratio between dominant and scattered waves, fluctuation parameter, and the number of propagation clusters, multicast users and eavesdroppers, by opportunistic relaying technique. The closed-form analytical expressions are derived for the probability of non-zero secrecy multicast capacity (PNSMC) and the secure outage probability for multicasting (SOPM) to understand the insight of the effects of above parameters. The results show that the loss of security in multicasting through κ-μ shadowed fading channel can be significantly enhanced using opportunistic relaying technique by compensating the effects of scatterers, fluctuation parameter, and the number of propagation clusters, multicast users and eavesdroppers.

Journal of Computer and Communications•Jan 1, 2022•15 citations
Securing (α−κ−μ\alpha -\kappa -\muα−κ−μ)- Shadowed Fading Channels with Opportunistic Relaying: A PHY Security Analysis
The secrecy of wireless multicast networks is greatly hampered due to the simultaneous presence of fading and shadowing, which can be enhanced using random attributes of the propagation medium. This work focuses on utilizing those attributes to enhance the physical layer security (PHY security) performance of a dual-hop wireless multicast network over kappa-mu shadowed fading channel under the wiretapping attempts of multiple eavesdroppers. In order to raise the secrecy level, we employ multiple relays with the best relay selection strategy. Performance analysis has been carried out based on the mathematical modeling in terms of closed-form expressions of the probability of non-zero secrecy multicast capacity, secure outage probability for multicasting, and ergodic secrecy multicast capacity. Capitalizing on those expressions, we analyze how the system parameters (i.e. fading, shadowing, the number of antennas, destination receivers, eavesdroppers, and relays) affect the secrecy performance. Our numerical results show that the detrimental impacts due to fading and shadowing can be remarkably mitigated using the well-known opportunistic relaying technique. Moreover, the proposed model unifies secrecy analysis of several classical models, thereby exhibits enormous versatility than the existing works. Finally, all the numerical results are authenticated utilizing Monte-Carlo simulations.
The effects of scatterers, fluctuation parameter and propagation clusters significantly affect the performance of κ-μ shadowed fading channel. On the other hand, opportunistic relaying is an efficient technique to improve the performance of fading channels reducing the effects of aforementioned parameters. Motivated by these issues, in this paper, a secure wireless multicasting scenario through κ-μ shadowed fading channel is considered in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers with opportunistic relaying. The main purpose of this paper is to ensure the security level in wireless multicasting compensating the loss of security due to the effects of power ratio between dominant and scattered waves, fluctuation parameter, and the number of propagation clusters, multicast users and eavesdroppers, by opportunistic relaying technique. The closed-form analytical expressions are derived for the probability of non-zero secrecy multicast capacity (PNSMC) and the secure outage probability for multicasting (SOPM) to understand the insight of the effects of above parameters. The results show that the loss of security in multicasting through κ-μ shadowed fading channel can be significantly enhanced using opportunistic relaying technique by compensating the effects of scatterers, fluctuation parameter, and the number of propagation clusters, multicast users and eavesdroppers.