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Lecture notes in electrical engineering

Research on Magnetic Field Modulation Coils for Manipulating Spin-Polarized Atoms

Teng Tian, Yanjie Zhang, Long Zhao, Bing Xue, Enhui Wang, Yiwei Yuan, Yao Chen, Libo Zhao

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-981-95-7338-7_55

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The purpose of cold antihydrogen research is briefly reviewed together with the latest developments of manipulating antihydrogen atoms. Two major progresses last year were the trapping of antihydrogen atoms in a magnetic bottle and synthesis of antihydrogen atoms in a cusp trap, where a spin-polarized antihydrogen beam can be extracted as an intensified beam. The magnetic bottle consists of an octupole coil and a pair of mirror coils, which improved the magnetic field uniformity near the axis, and so the stability of trapping antiprotons and positrons. Eventually, antihydrogen atoms were trapped for more than 1000s, which is ready to be testified with high precision laser spectroscopy. The cusp trap consists of a superconducting anti-Helmholtz coil and a stack of multiple ring electrodes. This success opens a new path to make a stringent test of the CPT symmetry via high precision microwave spectroscopy of ground-state hyperfine transitions of antihydrogen atoms.
Functional imaging equipment based on miniaturized atomic magnetometers with array arrangement exhibits promising prospects in biomagnetic scenarios. However, crosstalk from the modulated magnetic field between adjacent sensors degrades the imaging accuracy. To address this issue, this study proposes an all-optical dual-axis zero-field atomic magnetometer using light-shift modulation. We utilize an acousto-optic modulator to modulate a detuned circularly polarized beam for pumping the atomic spin ensembles. This beam allows for the optical modulation of spin polarization and meanwhile generates a light-shift modulation, effectively replacing the conventional magnetic field modulation. By using a probe beam to detect the optical rotation angle perpendicular to the direction of the pump beam, we construct an all-optical configuration of a longitudinally modulated atomic magnetometer, enabling dual-axis magnetic field measurements. Experimental results demonstrate dual-axis sensitivities of 29 and 15fT/Hz1/2, respectively. This method eliminates the need for conventional coil-based magnetic field modulation, thereby paving the way for potential applications in magnetocardiography and magnetoencephalography.Received 3 August 2023Revised 13 November 2023Accepted 4 December 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.21.014023© 2024 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasMagneto-optical effectMagnetometryOptical pumpingStark effectPhysical SystemsAlkali metalsAtomic gasesTechniquesOptically detected magnetic resonancePrecision measurementsAtomic, Molecular & OpticalCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics