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強制調和振動子の相互作用表示

敏夫 竹原

Published Dec 20, 1977• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Quantum mechanical treatment of the forced harmonic oscillator under the influence of an arbitrary time-dependent force is treated. The unitary time development operator, phase factor and excitation probability are calculated. The phase factor is unable to derive in other representations. These quantities depend on the types of forces and are evaluated explicitly for several cases in adiabatic approximation

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Quantum mechanical treatment of the forced harmonic oscillator under the influence of an arbitrary time-dependent force is treated. The unitary time development operator, phase factor and excitation probability are calculated. The phase factor is unable to derive in other representations. These quantities depend on the types of forces and are evaluated explicitly for several cases in adiabatic approximation
The interaction picture of quantum mechanics is used to calculate the unitary time development operator for a harmonic oscillator subject to an arbitrary time-dependent force. The result is identical to that obtained from the more usual method of the Heisenberg equations of motion, except for a phase factor which the Heisenberg picture method is unable to determine. A simplified derivation of the phase factor is given in the adiabatic limit, as well as a discussion of some possible physical effects which would depend upon the phase factor.
A unified treatment by the methods of the operator mechanics is given of the quantum theory of the harmonic oscillator subjected to an applied force which is a given, but arbitrary, function of time. Few of the results are new, and most have appeared before scattered among papers devoted to a variety of topics and using a variety of mathematical techniques. Emphasis is placed on numerical methods for the evaluation of the relevant transition probabilities, and on the equality, under certain conditions, of the classical and quantum values of the average energy transfer to an oscillator by an impressed force. Generating functions for the transition probabilities are derived. Some numerical results are presented for illustration.
A systematic way of treating a general time-dependent harmonic oscillator in classical and quantum mechanics is given. By a general canonical transformation in classical mechanics, the time-dependent Hamiltonian can be transformed to a time-independent one (the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant), explicitly separating a total time-derivative term. In quantum mechanics, one can obtain the phase of the wave function straightforwardly from this total-derivative term, together with the corresponding time-independent Hamiltonian. We solve analytically and algebraically the general time-dependent harmonic oscillator driven by a time-dependent inverse cubic force as an example.
Abstract By selecting a right generalized coordinate X, which contains the general solutions of the classical motion equation of a forced damped harmonic oscillator, we obtain a simple Hamiltonian which does not contain time for the oscillator such that Schrödinger equation and its solutions can be directly written out in X representation. The wave functin in x representation are also given with the help of the eigenfunctions of the operator X^ \hat X X^ in x representation. The evolution of ⟨x^⟩ \left\langle {\hat x} \right\rangle ⟨x^⟩ is the same as in the classical mechanics, and the uncertainty in position is independent of an external influence; one part of energy mean is quantized and attenuated, and the other is equal to the classical energy.