The quantum potential of Bohmian mechanics is the Ricci scalar mismatch between two conformally related spacetime metrics. In four dimensions the conformal transformation formula contains the factor (n−1)(4−n), which vanishes exactly at n = 4, leavingthe exact identity Q_rel = (ℏ²/6m)(R_g − R²R̃) verified to zero residual with SymPy. The coefficient 1/6 is geometry, not a parameter. Paper I of III.
The quantum potential of Bohmian mechanics is the Ricci scalar mismatch between two conformally related spacetime metrics. In four dimensions the conformal transformation formula contains the factor (n−1)(4−n), which vanishes exactly at n = 4, leavingthe exact identity Q_rel = (ℏ²/6m)(R_g − R²R̃) verified to zero residual with SymPy. The coefficient 1/6 is geometry, not a parameter. Paper I of III.
A deterministic quantum-gravity framework is proposed that embeds Bohmian mechanics within the spin–torsion geometry of Einstein–Cartan–Kibble–Sciama theory. Starting from the Palatini form of the action for a Dirac field, a Gordon decomposition followed by a Foldy–Wouthuysen expansion shows that the familiar Bohm quantum potential, namely the term proportional to the Laplacian of the wave-function amplitude divided by that amplitude, coincides exactly with the axial-torsion contribution to the Ricci scalar. A covariant, spin-augmented guidance law then follows, and the algebraically determined torsion field, sourced by the global spin density of an entangled state, mediates non-local correlations without superluminal signalling. The same spin–torsion couplings produce an effective dark stress–energy tensor, for which observational tests are outlined across a wide range of scales: neutron-star magnetospheres, black-hole jets, gravitational-wave inspirals and spin-polarized interferometry. This geometric mechanism extends to spinless particles via torsion’s universal back-reaction on the connection, yielding a deterministic reformulation of quantum mechanics without metric quantization. A simple one-dimensional toy model reproduces the Tsirelson bound for Bell-inequality violations, underscoring the empirical and conceptual viability of this geometric route to quantum gravity, which dispenses with the need to quantize the metric.
The effects of the de Broglie-Bohm quantum potential on a test particle of mass m are investigated in a conformally-flat geometry. A real, nonlinear, scalar field Ψ is introduced and related directly to the conformal factor and to the effective mass M(r,t) of the particle. The radial acceleration of a static observer in the conformally-flat metric is negative (the field is repulsive), and the corresponding proper acceleration resembles that one of the "peak radius" where the radial probability density has a global maximum during the wave packet spreading phenomenon. The timelike radial geodesics are computed in the conformally-flat spacetime in double-null coordinates and proves to be hyperbolae in the region r>t.
Background: The unification of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics represents a fundamental challenge in theoretical physics due to their mutually exclusive conceptual foundations: continuous deterministic geometry versus probabilistic wave functions. While the de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave theory offers a deterministic, trajectory-based alternative to the standard probabilistic framework, it introduces a non-local, ad-hoc "Quantum Potential" (Q) to account for phenomena such as interference and non-locality. The lack of a geometric origin for Q in standard spacetime remains a significant conceptual barrier to a fully unified theory. Purpose: This paper aims to resolve this interpretational crisis by proposing that the Quantum Potential is not a fundamental or mysterious external force, but rather a derived geometric artifact. We postulate that the physical universe is fundamentally a 4-dimensional Complex Manifold (ℂ4), extending the standard Riemannian spacetime manifold to include imaginary coordinates. Methods: To establish this geometric basis, we treat the quantum wave function not as an abstract probabilistic amplitude, but as a physical, holomorphic map describing a particle's deterministic trajectory through this complex spacetime. Utilizing the Cauchy-Riemann conditions, we demonstrate that the Bohmian amplitude (R) is strictly coupled to the particle's location in the imaginary dimension. We then analyze the dynamics of particles following geodesics within ℂ4. By projecting the complex geodesic equation of motion onto the observable real slice (ℝ4), we separate the real and imaginary components of the complex 4-velocity to observe the energy balance. Conclusions: Our derivation reveals that the Quantum Potential (Q) emerges naturally and is mathematically identical to the kinetic energy component associated with a particle's hidden motion in these imaginary dimensions. This formulation successfully recovers the predictions of the Schrödinger equation while removing the ad-hoc nature of Bohmian mechanics. Furthermore, it interprets quantum non-locality—such as the interference observed in the double-slit experiment—as purely local, deterministic geodesic motion around topological singularities in a curved complex manifold. Ultimately, this framework provides a unified geometric description wherein gravity is the curvature of real coordinates, electromagnetism is the torsion of imaginary coordinates, and quantum mechanics is inertial motion through this complex geometry.
The de Broglie–Bohm theory allows us to have got a satisfactory geometrodynamic interpretation of quantum mechanics. The fundamental element, which creates a geometrodynamic picture of the quantum world in the non-relativistic domain, a relativistic curved space-time background, and the quantum gravity domain, is the quantum potential. It is shown that, in the non-relativistic domain, the geometrodynamic nature of the quantum potential followsfrom the fact that it is an information potential containing a space-like active information on the environment; the geometric properties of the space expressed by the quantum potential determine non-local correlations between subatomic particles. Moreover, in the de Broglie–Bohm theory in a curved space-time, it is shown that the quantum, as well as the gravitational, effects of matter have geometric nature and are highly related: the quantum potential can be interpreted as the conformal degree of freedom of the space-time metric, and its presence is equivalent to the curved space-time. It is shown on the basis of some recent research that, in quantum gravity, we have a generalized geometric unification of gravitational and quantum effects of matter; Bohm's interpretation shows that the form of a quantum potential and its relation to the conformal degree of freedom of the space-time metric can be derived from the equations of motion.
Bohmian mechanics offers a deterministic alternative to conventional quantum theory through well-defined particle trajectories. While successful in nonrelativistic contexts, its extension to curved spacetime-and hence quantum gravity-remains unresolved. Here, we develop a covariant extension of Bohmian mechanics in curved spacetime that removes the need for metric quantization. From a Lagrangian formulation, we derive a generalized guidance equation in which Bohmian trajectories generate hidden curvature, replacing metric superposition with a statistical ensemble constrained by Heisenberg uncertainty, offering a novel perspective on quantum gravity. Consequently, in our approach, measuring the gravitational potential at a point unveils a pre-existing trajectory and its associated curvature-a departure from the observer-centric paradigm of standard quantum mechanics-providing an alternative in which gravitational effects emerge from deterministic quantum trajectories rather than wavefunction collapse. Numerical simulations in Robertson-Walker and cigar soliton spacetimes reveal that while quantum interference is curvature-sensitive, Zitterbewegung remains invariant, distinguishing fundamental quantum effects. Moreover, deviations from the Born rule in inhomogeneous spacetimes are observed and suggest gravity-induced quantum non-equilibrium. This new approach has far-reaching implications for the role of determinism and potential observational signatures of quantum non-equilibrium in cosmology.