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Laser Physics Letters

Quantum coherence protection in semiconductor qubits via composite noise

Wenhui Tao, Junzhe Ma, Meng Liu, Hongxiang Chen, Haowen Sun, Xiuyi Yang

Published Mar 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We introduce a paradigm of spectral engineering for environmental noise aimed at actively protecting quantum coherence in solid-state qubits. Through the analytical study of the decoherence process induced by cavity leakage in a double-quantum-dot–cavity system, we demonstrate high-frequency charge noise can effectively freeze the quantum state and protect quantum coherence. Then, departing from conventional noise-suppression strategies, we propose to synthesize tailored noise spectra by linearly mixing multiple Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) stochastic processes. The composite noise is designed to possess a power spectral density enriched in high-frequency components which is required for coherence protection. Our method provides a general framework for approximating arbitrary noise profiles, including the ubiquitous 1 / f spectrum prevalent in semiconductor devices, using only a finite set of simple noises. Numerical simulations confirm that a noise field synthesized from a sufficiently large number of OU processes preserves coherence significantly better than one constructed from just a few components. This work establishes noise engineering as a practical tool for coherence management and offers a versatile model for simulating complex noise environments in quantum information platforms.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/ae4f76

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Abstract We introduce a paradigm of spectral engineering for environmental noise aimed at actively protecting quantum coherence in solid-state qubits. Through the analytical study of the decoherence process induced by cavity leakage in a double-quantum-dot–cavity system, we demonstrate high-frequency charge noise can effectively freeze the quantum state and protect quantum coherence. Then, departing from conventional noise-suppression strategies, we propose to synthesize tailored noise spectra by linearly mixing multiple Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) stochastic processes. The composite noise is designed to possess a power spectral density enriched in high-frequency components which is required for coherence protection. Our method provides a general framework for approximating arbitrary noise profiles, including the ubiquitous 1 / f spectrum prevalent in semiconductor devices, using only a finite set of simple noises. Numerical simulations confirm that a noise field synthesized from a sufficiently large number of OU processes preserves coherence significantly better than one constructed from just a few components. This work establishes noise engineering as a practical tool for coherence management and offers a versatile model for simulating complex noise environments in quantum information platforms.
Contrary to the conventional view that noise is detrimental, we show that mixed noise can protect entanglement in a two-atom-cavity system. Specifically, the leakage of the cavity and the stochastic atom-cavity couplings are modeled as two types of noises. From the analytical derivation of the dynamical equations, the mechanism of the entanglement protection is revealed as the high-frequency(HF) noise in the atom-cavity couplings could suppress the decoherence caused by the cavity leakage, thus protect the entanglement. We investigate the entanglement protection induced by mixed noise constructed from diverse noise types, including the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise, flicker noise, and telegraph noise. Numerical simulations demonstrate that entanglement protection depends critically on the proportion of HF components in the power spectral density of the mixed noise. Our work establishes that enhanced HF components are essential for effective noise-assisted entanglement protection, offering key insights for noise engineering in practical open quantum systems.
Abstract Semiconductor qubits based on quantum dots (QDs) are a hopeful candidate for universal quantum computing due to their long coherence time and recent experimental achievements in precisely controlling and rapidly reading out the qubits. However, charge noise is an inevitable issue that leads to dephasing and relaxation in semiconductor qubits. In this paper, we propose a scheme to utilize these ubiquitous charge noises to protect quantum coherence. Our results reveal that introducing charge noise appropriately will not only be harmless to quantum coherence but may also reduce the decoherence caused by other factors, thus achieving the effect of protecting quantum coherence. We analyze the dynamics of double QDs coupled to a transmission line and focus on the charge noise acting on the QDs. For the flicker ( 1 / f ) charge noise, the numerical results indicate that a high-frequency noise is more suitable to protect coherence. Last but not least, we also investigate two other types of charge noise and show the performance of the mixed noise. We hope our results open a new window for the community to consider utilizing noise to protect quantum coherence.
We investigate qubit entanglement dynamics in a two-qubit cavity system with stochastically fluctuating coupling strength, comparing white noise (Markovian) and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise (non-Markovian) processes. We analytically solve the system dynamics for both Fock and coherent cavity states and systematically characterize how initial qubit configurations affect entanglement generation and preservation. Our results reveal distinct dynamical regimes: in the Fock-state cavity, initial states in the single-excitation subspace generate robust qubit entanglement in decoherence-free subspaces, while initially entangled states in the double-excitation subspace exhibit inevitable decay without protective symmetries. For coherent cavities, we identify a critical photon-number threshold in the intermediate coherent-state amplitude regime where dynamics transition from low-frequency to high-frequency entanglement oscillations, while universal entanglement loss occurs at large amplitudes. Remarkable resilience against entanglement sudden death emerges under strong non-Markovian noise with long correlation times, where repeated revivals occur. These findings establish cavity photon statistics and environmental memory time as key control parameters for engineering qubit entanglement dynamics in qubit-cavity systems, revealing how system-environment correlations govern quantum information preservation.
Abstract Modern quantum technologies rely crucially on techniques to mitigate quantum decoherence; these techniques can be either passive, achieved for example via materials engineering, or active, typically achieved via pulsed monochromatic driving fields applied to the qubit. Using a solid-state defect spin coupled to a microwave-driven spin bath, we experimentally demonstrate a decoherence mitigation method based on spectral engineering of the environmental noise with a polychromatic drive waveform, and show that it outperforms monochromatic techniques. Results are in agreement with quantitative modeling, and open the path to active decoherence protection using custom-designed waveforms applied to the environment rather than the qubit.
High-Fidelity Single-Qubit Gates Via Strongly Driving of a Double Quantum Dot Hybrid Qubit with 1/f1/f1/f Charge Noise
Semiconductor double quantum dot hybrid qubits are promising candidates for high-fidelity quantum computing. However, their performance is limited by charge noise, which is ubiquitous in solid-state devices, and phonon-induced dephasing. Here we explore methods for improving the quantum operations of a hybrid qubit, using strong microwave driving to enable gate operations that are much faster than decoherence processes. Using numerical simulations and a theoretical method based on a cumulant expansion, we analyze qubit dynamics in the presence of 1/f1/f1/f charge noise, which forms the dominant decoherence mechanism in many solid-state devices. We show that, while strong-driving effects and charge noise both reduce the quantum gate fidelity, simple pulse-shaping techniques effectively suppress the strong-driving effects. Moreover, a broad AC sweet spot emerges when the detuning parameter and the tunneling coupling are driven simultaneously. Taking into account phonon-mediated noise, we find that it should be possible to achieve XπX_{\pi}Xπ​ gates with fidelities higher than 99.9%99.9\%99.9%.
Semiconductor double quantum-dot hybrid qubits are promising candidates for high-fidelity quantum computing. However, their performance is limited by charge noise, which is ubiquitous in solid-state devices, and phonon-induced dephasing. Here we explore methods for improving the quantum operations of a hybrid qubit, using strong microwave driving to enable gate operations that are much faster than decoherence processes. Using numerical simulations and a theoretical method based on a cumulant expansion, we analyze qubit dynamics in the presence of 1/f1/f1/f charge noise, which forms the dominant decoherence mechanism in many solid-state devices. We show that, while strong-driving effects and charge noise both reduce the quantum gate fidelity, simple pulse-shaping techniques effectively suppress the strong-driving effects. Moreover, a broad AC sweet spot emerges when the detuning parameter and the tunneling coupling are driven simultaneously. Taking into account phonon-mediated noise, we find that it should be possible to achieve ${X}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}$ gates with fidelities higher than 99.999.9%99.9.