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Acta Physica Sinica

Ground-state properties of spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with Lee-Huang-Yang corrections

Wu Jixuan, Chen Yuanyuan

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

在自旋轨道耦合自旋-1/2的玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）中引入李黄杨（LHY）修正，系统哈密顿量中出现新的相互作用项，利用变分法求解系统基态，并得到相边界和三相点。通过量子相图发现LHY相互作用对基态相具有明显的调制作用，条纹相区域明显变大，平面波相减小，并出现两种零动量相，由此系统中出现了新的三相点。在LHY作用下，条纹相还可以出现在组分内相互作用小于组分间相互作用的系统中，这在平均场理论下是没有出现的。研究结果表明，李黄杨相互作用可以为玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体的量子调控提供新的工具。

DOI
10.7498/aps.75.20260234

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我们考察我们一条纺纱轨道的最近的试验性的实现和调查(那么) 联合 Bose 爱因斯坦冷凝物(BEC ) 和量堕落费密气体。由使用二相反繁殖的拉曼激光并且控制二拉曼激光的不同频率设计原子光相互作用，我们首先学习那么在 BEC 联合。然后，我们学习因此在费密气体联合。我们作为那么在费密气体联合的特点在旋转动力学和平衡状态的动量分发不对称现象观察旋转 dephasing。清楚地揭示那么联合费密气体的性质，我们也学习描绘精力动量分散和量状态的旋转作文的解决动量的无线电频率光谱学。我们与不同原子密度在不同 helicity 分支观察费米子表面的变化，它显示费密表面拓扑学的 Lifshitz 转变变化能被进一步使系统凉下来发现。最后，我们学习 ultracold 费密气体的解决动量的拉曼光谱学。

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在自旋轨道耦合自旋-1/2的玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）中引入李黄杨（LHY）修正，系统哈密顿量中出现新的相互作用项，利用变分法求解系统基态，并得到相边界和三相点。通过量子相图发现LHY相互作用对基态相具有明显的调制作用，条纹相区域明显变大，平面波相减小，并出现两种零动量相，由此系统中出现了新的三相点。在LHY作用下，条纹相还可以出现在组分内相互作用小于组分间相互作用的系统中，这在平均场理论下是没有出现的。研究结果表明，李黄杨相互作用可以为玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体的量子调控提供新的工具。
我们研究了含 Rabi 耦合的双分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在平均场相互作用与 Lee-Huang-Yang（LHY）量子涨落修正共同作用下的非线性动力学行为。基于单模近似，推导了系统的动力学演化方程，分析了不动点以及稳定性。我们发现 LHY 修正会明显改变系统不动点的分布及其稳定性特征，并重整自旋 Rabi 震荡频率。特别的， LHY 修正会诱导系统发生由自旋宏观自束缚态向 Rabi 振荡的动力学转变。这些结果有助于加深对量子涨落调控非线性动力学行为的理解。
The interplay of quantum fluctuation through the Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) correction and spin-orbit coupling can modify the stability of the ultradilute Bose-Bose mixtures and result in rich nonlinear physics. Here, under the action of spin-orbit coupling, LHY correction, and rotation, the ground state and vortex excitation of spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with LHY correction trapped in a rotating potential are studied. Stable isotropic and anisotropic ground states with zero momentum (in the zero-momentum phase) and nonzero momentum (in the plane wave phase) are obtained. It is shown that anisotropic ground states are persistent near the phase boundary. Particularly, unpolarized and polarized vortex states are predicted. The phase transition condition, the effective mass and quadrupole surface mode describing the anisotropic (deformation) of the condensates, and the critical rotation frequency for vortex excitation are provided analytically. Owing to the action of spin-orbit coupling, the effective mass of the condensates is spatially dependent and asymmetric in two phases, resulting in distinct quadrupole modes, deformations, and vortex excitations in the two phases, especially when the LHY correction is present. The LHY correction promotes the system in the zero-momentum phase with unpolarized vortex states, while the spin-orbit coupling promotes the emergence of a plane wave phase with polarized vortex states. The phase transition and vortex excitation can be well manipulated by spin-orbit coupling, Raman coupling, LHY correction, and external potential.
我们考察我们一条纺纱轨道的最近的试验性的实现和调查(那么) 联合 Bose 爱因斯坦冷凝物(BEC ) 和量堕落费密气体。由使用二相反繁殖的拉曼激光并且控制二拉曼激光的不同频率设计原子光相互作用，我们首先学习那么在 BEC 联合。然后，我们学习因此在费密气体联合。我们作为那么在费密气体联合的特点在旋转动力学和平衡状态的动量分发不对称现象观察旋转 dephasing。清楚地揭示那么联合费密气体的性质，我们也学习描绘精力动量分散和量状态的旋转作文的解决动量的无线电频率光谱学。我们与不同原子密度在不同 helicity 分支观察费米子表面的变化，它显示费密表面拓扑学的 Lifshitz 转变变化能被进一步使系统凉下来发现。最后，我们学习 ultracold 费密气体的解决动量的拉曼光谱学。