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Complex-Time Quantum Thermodynamic Geometry

Y. Li

Published Mar 10, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

Modern theoretical physics rests on the interplay between quantum dynamics, thermodynamics, and spacetime geometry.Quantum mechanics describes microscopic evolution through unitary time dynamics, while thermodynamic systems exhibit irreversible entropy production. Meanwhile, geometric formulations of quantum mechanics and statistical physics suggest that physical laws may possess an underlying geometric structure. In this work we introduce a unified framework in which quantum evolution occurs on a complex-time manifold that incorporates both dynamical time and thermodynamic flow. We construct a geometric variational principle on this extended temporal manifold and derive a generalized quantum evolution equation that contains both Hamiltonian dynamics and geometric diffusion terms. The resulting theory provides a natural bridge between quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and informationgeometry. We explore the implications of the framework for quantum statistical systems, quantum field theory, and information flow in gravitational systems.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.18934100

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We present the Complex-Time Quantum-Thermal-Geometric (CTQTG) framework, a novel unification of quantum dynamics, thermal diffusion, and information-geometric feedback within a single complex-time formalism. By defining the complex-time coordinate θ=τ+it/ℏ\theta = \tau + i t/\hbarθ=τ+it/ℏ, where τ\tauτ represents imaginary (thermal) time and ttt represents real (unitary) time, we derive the governing equation for the quantum-thermal-geometric state Ψ(θ)\Psi(\theta)Ψ(θ):\begin{equation}\partial_{\theta} \Psi(\theta) = - H(\theta) \Psi(\theta) - \alpha \Delta_{\theta} \Psi(\theta), \label{eq:CTQTG}\end{equation}where H(θ)H(\theta)H(θ) is the (potentially complex-time dependent) Hamiltonian, Δθ\Delta_{\theta}Δθ​ is the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the complex-time manifold, and α\alphaα is a fundamental coupling constant controlling the strength of the quantum-thermal-geometric interaction. The CTQTG Equation generalizes the Schr\"odinger and heat equations, naturally incorporating unitary evolution and thermalization. It predicts novel phenomena such as oscillatory entanglement-wave modes driven by geometric feedback. We present explicit analytic solutions for constant and perturbed Hamiltonians, discuss limiting behaviors, and explore profound implications for emergent spacetime, entanglement dynamics, black hole microstate fluctuations, and the nature of fundamental laws. This work establishes a new class of dynamical equations in which quantum, thermal, and geometric effects are inseparable, providing a foundational framework for future research in complex-time physics.