Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

A Quantitative Criterion for the Quantum–Classical Transition: Open-System Dynamics and Residual Coherence Bounds in Inflation

Ayoub Taoussi

Published Feb 28, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This research introduces a novel quantitative framework for understanding one of the most fundamental questions in theoretical physics: How and when do quantum systems become classical? By developing a normalized Quantum Persistence Function (QPF) , we provide a continuous measure of residual quantum coherence in open systems interacting with their environment. The framework is rigorously derived from the spin-boson model—a paradigm for studying decoherence—and distinguishes between Markovian (memoryless) and non-Markovian environments based on spectral density structure (Keywords) Quantum decoherence Inflationary cosmology Open quantum systems Quantum–classical transition Primordial perturbations Cosmic Microwave Background Non-Gaussianity Spin-boson model Environmental entanglement Planck mission

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.18809568

Related papers

A Quantitative Criterion for the Quantum–Classical Transition: Open-System Dynamics and Residual Coherence Bounds in Inflation

Ayoub Taoussi

Description: This work presents a quantitative framework for describing the quantum–classical transition as a continuous dynamical process governed by open quantum system interactions. A normalized Quantum Persistence Function is introduced to measure residual quantum coherence, allowing classical emergence to be characterized through a scale-dependent suppression criterion. The model is constructed using a microscopic spin–boson open-system foundation and extends decoherence analysis to inflationary cosmology. The framework connects dynamical decoherence bounds with observational constraints derived from primordial statistics measured by the Planck Collaboration. The formulation builds conceptually on decoherence theory associated with Wojciech H. Zurek and provides a diagnostic criterion for residual coherence survival across cosmological scales. The results aim to provide a practical quantitative tool for evaluating classicalization efficiency in inflationary models and for relating open-system quantum dynamics to empirical cosmological observations. KEYWORDS: Quantum–classical transition; decoherence theory; open quantum systems; inflationary cosmology; residual quantum coherence; spin–boson model; classicalization dynamics; primordial perturbations; cosmological quantum mechanics

•Feb 27, 2026•0 citations

A Diagnostic Persistence Functional for Quantum Decoherence in Inflationary Perturbations

Ayoub Taoussi

Description : This work introduces a novel, model-independent diagnostic framework for quantifying quantum decoherence in primordial inflationary perturbations. The study addresses the fundamental problem of the quantum-to-classical transition in cosmology by defining a normalized persistence functional that captures the suppression of quantum coherence over time. Within an open quantum system approach, each perturbation mode is treated as an effective quantum degree of freedom interacting with an environment, leading to Gaussian suppression of off-diagonal density matrix elements. The proposed functional provides a direct and scalable measure of decoherence efficiency without relying on detailed microscopic modeling. A key feature of the framework is the introduction of a residual coherence parameter, which accounts for possible late-time deviations from complete classicalization. The work further establishes a monotonicity property for the decoherence functional and connects the persistence measure to entropy growth, offering an information-theoretic interpretation of the decoherence process. Importantly, the framework suggests a phenomenological link between residual coherence and observable non-Gaussianity in the cosmic microwave background, opening a pathway for potential observational constraints. The proposed diagnostic functional is broadly applicable across inflationary models and provides a unified tool for comparing decoherence efficiency under different environmental interactions. This work lays the foundation for future studies on quantum signatures in cosmological observables and the persistence of quantum features in the early universe. Keywords : Quantum Decoherence Inflationary Cosmology Primordial Perturbations Open Quantum Systems Quantum-to-Classical Transition Non-Gaussianity Cosmological Perturbation Theory Density Matrix Quantum Cosmology Early Universe Physics Decoherence Functional Entropy and Information Theory

•Apr 2, 2026•0 citations

Information-Theoretic Constraints on Cosmological Classicalization

Ayoub Taoussi

Description This work proposes an information-theoretic framework for describing the quantum–classical transition during cosmological inflation through open quantum system dynamics and entanglement evolution. The study introduces a normalized Quantum Persistence Function (QPF) as a scale-invariant diagnostic measure of residual quantum coherence, formulated in representation-independent form using reduced density matrix purity and entropy growth. The framework connects microscopic decoherence processes with macroscopic cosmological observables by applying spin–boson open-system dynamics to inflationary perturbations. Classical emergence is interpreted as a dynamical suppression of quantum coherence driven by entanglement entropy growth between cosmological modes rather than by simple interference cancellation. Observational constraints from primordial Gaussianity bounds are used to derive an efficiency condition for decoherence during reheating, expressed as a lower bound on the decoherence functional. The results show that classicalization occurs well below holographic entropy saturation limits, suggesting that cosmological classical emergence is governed primarily by dynamical information redistribution rather than fundamental information capacity thresholds. This work is deposited on Zenodo as an open scientific preprint to encourage constructive discussion and feedback from the scientific community. KEYWORDS: Quantum classical transition; decoherence theory; inflationary cosmology; open quantum systems; entanglement entropy; cosmological perturbations; quantum persistence function; information theory in physics; primordial fluctuations; classical emergence dynamics

•Feb 28, 2026•0 citations

A Diagnostic Criterion for Decoherence Efficiency in Inflationary Perturbations

Ayoub Taoussi

This preprint develops a model-independent diagnostic framework for evaluating decoherence efficiency in inflationary curvature perturbations within an open quantum system formulation. The work does not introduce a new decoherence mechanism; instead, it constructs a normalized dimensionless functional intended to provide a systematic basis for comparing environmental decoherence scenarios in primordial cosmology. A persistence functional is derived to characterize the attenuation of off-diagonal density matrix components under inflationary expansion. Using a representative toy open-system model, the analysis demonstrates that the functional exhibits rapid suppression behavior associated with the exponential growth of comoving volume during inflation. The framework further suggests that residual quantum coherence may contribute to higher-order correlation functions of curvature perturbations. Accordingly, observational constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity may be interpreted as indirect lower bounds on decoherence efficiency. The formulation is intended as a diagnostic tool rather than a proposal of a new physical decoherence process. Keywords : Inflationary Cosmology Quantum Decoherence Primordial Perturbations Open Quantum Systems Classicality Non-Gaussianity

•Mar 5, 2026•0 citations

A note on decoherence in quantum cosmology by thermal perturbations: an open quantum systems approach

Alexander Kulyabin

We study, within a toy model, how a thermal bath of cosmological perturbations can decohere the minisuperspace degrees of freedom of the universe, treating the perturbations as an environment in the framework of open quantum systems. Instead of tracing out the perturbations from a semiclassical ansatz for the total wave function, as in earlier approaches, we incorporate their backreaction on the background through an effective second-order coupling and derive a master equation. The model describes a spatially flat semiclassical universe during slow-roll inflation with a dust clock field, while scalar cosmological perturbations in a phenomenologically assumed thermal state constitute the environment. The master equation is non-Markovian, since the bath correlation functions do not decay in time. Within this framework, we find that, for a representative set of parameter estimates, the characteristic decoherence timescale corresponding to the thermal contribution can be shorter than the Hubble timescale. In addition, we address the question of whether the pointer-state structure induced by the decoherence in such a framework could provide a criterion for the choice of semiclassical states in quantum cosmology.

gr-qcCross-listedarXiv:2610.11397•Oct 9, 2026•0 citations

Quantum to Classical transition in the early Universe: models andobservational signatures

Aoumeur Daddi Hammou

Inflation is the standard scenario for the Early Universe providing a mechanism to explain the generation of primordial density perturbations from which all the structures we see in the universe formed by subsequent gravitational growth (like, e.g., anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background, or the large-scale distribution of galaxies). The inflationary seeds for structure formation are traced back to quantum fluctuations of one or more (scalar) fields. However galaxies or cluster of galaxies do behave as classical objects. This entails the issue of understanding a quantum-to-classical transition in a cosmological framework. From this point of view inflation and cosmological observations can represent an interesting laboratory to explore some issues related to the quantum measurement problem. This issue has been long known, still it has been not explored in full details, and recently there has been a renowned interest in it. The thesis will consist in a first part of review of the most recent studies on the subject. It will then focus on some aspects of the problem, namely how the classical to quantum transition impacts on primordial gravitational waves which are a smoking gun of inflation, and whether and how such a transition can leave specific signatures in cosmological observables that go beyond the usual analyses (such as, e.g., non-Gaussianity of the cosmological perturbations from inflation).

•Oct 1, 2020•0 citations
This research introduces a novel quantitative framework for understanding one of the most fundamental questions in theoretical physics: How and when do quantum systems become classical? By developing a normalized Quantum Persistence Function (QPF) , we provide a continuous measure of residual quantum coherence in open systems interacting with their environment. The framework is rigorously derived from the spin-boson model—a paradigm for studying decoherence—and distinguishes between Markovian (memoryless) and non-Markovian environments based on spectral density structure (Keywords) Quantum decoherence Inflationary cosmology Open quantum systems Quantum–classical transition Primordial perturbations Cosmic Microwave Background Non-Gaussianity Spin-boson model Environmental entanglement Planck mission
Description: This work presents a quantitative framework for describing the quantum–classical transition as a continuous dynamical process governed by open quantum system interactions. A normalized Quantum Persistence Function is introduced to measure residual quantum coherence, allowing classical emergence to be characterized through a scale-dependent suppression criterion. The model is constructed using a microscopic spin–boson open-system foundation and extends decoherence analysis to inflationary cosmology. The framework connects dynamical decoherence bounds with observational constraints derived from primordial statistics measured by the Planck Collaboration. The formulation builds conceptually on decoherence theory associated with Wojciech H. Zurek and provides a diagnostic criterion for residual coherence survival across cosmological scales. The results aim to provide a practical quantitative tool for evaluating classicalization efficiency in inflationary models and for relating open-system quantum dynamics to empirical cosmological observations. KEYWORDS: Quantum–classical transition; decoherence theory; open quantum systems; inflationary cosmology; residual quantum coherence; spin–boson model; classicalization dynamics; primordial perturbations; cosmological quantum mechanics
Description : This work introduces a novel, model-independent diagnostic framework for quantifying quantum decoherence in primordial inflationary perturbations. The study addresses the fundamental problem of the quantum-to-classical transition in cosmology by defining a normalized persistence functional that captures the suppression of quantum coherence over time. Within an open quantum system approach, each perturbation mode is treated as an effective quantum degree of freedom interacting with an environment, leading to Gaussian suppression of off-diagonal density matrix elements. The proposed functional provides a direct and scalable measure of decoherence efficiency without relying on detailed microscopic modeling. A key feature of the framework is the introduction of a residual coherence parameter, which accounts for possible late-time deviations from complete classicalization. The work further establishes a monotonicity property for the decoherence functional and connects the persistence measure to entropy growth, offering an information-theoretic interpretation of the decoherence process. Importantly, the framework suggests a phenomenological link between residual coherence and observable non-Gaussianity in the cosmic microwave background, opening a pathway for potential observational constraints. The proposed diagnostic functional is broadly applicable across inflationary models and provides a unified tool for comparing decoherence efficiency under different environmental interactions. This work lays the foundation for future studies on quantum signatures in cosmological observables and the persistence of quantum features in the early universe. Keywords : Quantum Decoherence Inflationary Cosmology Primordial Perturbations Open Quantum Systems Quantum-to-Classical Transition Non-Gaussianity Cosmological Perturbation Theory Density Matrix Quantum Cosmology Early Universe Physics Decoherence Functional Entropy and Information Theory
Description This work proposes an information-theoretic framework for describing the quantum–classical transition during cosmological inflation through open quantum system dynamics and entanglement evolution. The study introduces a normalized Quantum Persistence Function (QPF) as a scale-invariant diagnostic measure of residual quantum coherence, formulated in representation-independent form using reduced density matrix purity and entropy growth. The framework connects microscopic decoherence processes with macroscopic cosmological observables by applying spin–boson open-system dynamics to inflationary perturbations. Classical emergence is interpreted as a dynamical suppression of quantum coherence driven by entanglement entropy growth between cosmological modes rather than by simple interference cancellation. Observational constraints from primordial Gaussianity bounds are used to derive an efficiency condition for decoherence during reheating, expressed as a lower bound on the decoherence functional. The results show that classicalization occurs well below holographic entropy saturation limits, suggesting that cosmological classical emergence is governed primarily by dynamical information redistribution rather than fundamental information capacity thresholds. This work is deposited on Zenodo as an open scientific preprint to encourage constructive discussion and feedback from the scientific community. KEYWORDS: Quantum classical transition; decoherence theory; inflationary cosmology; open quantum systems; entanglement entropy; cosmological perturbations; quantum persistence function; information theory in physics; primordial fluctuations; classical emergence dynamics
This preprint develops a model-independent diagnostic framework for evaluating decoherence efficiency in inflationary curvature perturbations within an open quantum system formulation. The work does not introduce a new decoherence mechanism; instead, it constructs a normalized dimensionless functional intended to provide a systematic basis for comparing environmental decoherence scenarios in primordial cosmology. A persistence functional is derived to characterize the attenuation of off-diagonal density matrix components under inflationary expansion. Using a representative toy open-system model, the analysis demonstrates that the functional exhibits rapid suppression behavior associated with the exponential growth of comoving volume during inflation. The framework further suggests that residual quantum coherence may contribute to higher-order correlation functions of curvature perturbations. Accordingly, observational constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity may be interpreted as indirect lower bounds on decoherence efficiency. The formulation is intended as a diagnostic tool rather than a proposal of a new physical decoherence process. Keywords : Inflationary Cosmology Quantum Decoherence Primordial Perturbations Open Quantum Systems Classicality Non-Gaussianity
We study, within a toy model, how a thermal bath of cosmological perturbations can decohere the minisuperspace degrees of freedom of the universe, treating the perturbations as an environment in the framework of open quantum systems. Instead of tracing out the perturbations from a semiclassical ansatz for the total wave function, as in earlier approaches, we incorporate their backreaction on the background through an effective second-order coupling and derive a master equation. The model describes a spatially flat semiclassical universe during slow-roll inflation with a dust clock field, while scalar cosmological perturbations in a phenomenologically assumed thermal state constitute the environment. The master equation is non-Markovian, since the bath correlation functions do not decay in time. Within this framework, we find that, for a representative set of parameter estimates, the characteristic decoherence timescale corresponding to the thermal contribution can be shorter than the Hubble timescale. In addition, we address the question of whether the pointer-state structure induced by the decoherence in such a framework could provide a criterion for the choice of semiclassical states in quantum cosmology.
Inflation is the standard scenario for the Early Universe providing a mechanism to explain the generation of primordial density perturbations from which all the structures we see in the universe formed by subsequent gravitational growth (like, e.g., anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background, or the large-scale distribution of galaxies). The inflationary seeds for structure formation are traced back to quantum fluctuations of one or more (scalar) fields. However galaxies or cluster of galaxies do behave as classical objects. This entails the issue of understanding a quantum-to-classical transition in a cosmological framework. From this point of view inflation and cosmological observations can represent an interesting laboratory to explore some issues related to the quantum measurement problem. This issue has been long known, still it has been not explored in full details, and recently there has been a renowned interest in it. The thesis will consist in a first part of review of the most recent studies on the subject. It will then focus on some aspects of the problem, namely how the classical to quantum transition impacts on primordial gravitational waves which are a smoking gun of inflation, and whether and how such a transition can leave specific signatures in cosmological observables that go beyond the usual analyses (such as, e.g., non-Gaussianity of the cosmological perturbations from inflation).