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Noise effects in intrinsic laser polarization switching

Al Naimee K., Leyva I, Inés P. Mariño, Meucci R., Arecchi Ft

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A quasi-isotropic CO2 laser near the resonant condition can present bistability in the polarization state, with spontaneous flips between two orthogonal linear polarization eigenmodes. In this work, we explore the role of the pump and noise on the polarization dynamics, showing a transition from stable to bistable states and the presence of coherent resonance.

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A quasi-isotropic CO2 laser near the resonant condition can present bistability in the polarization state, with spontaneous flips between two orthogonal linear polarization eigenmodes. In this work, we explore the role of the pump and noise on the polarization dynamics, showing a transition from stable to bistable states and the presence of coherent resonance.
A quasi-isotropic CO2{\text{CO}}_{2}CO2​ laser near the resonant condition can present bistability in the polarization state, with spontaneous flips between two orthogonal linear polarization eigenmodes. In this work, we explore the role of the pump and noise on the polarization dynamics, showing a transition from stable to bistable states and the presence of coherent resonance.
We show that, in an optically pumped resonant $J=1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{J}^{\ensuremath{'}}=0$ laser, a gain anisotropy is induced by a linearly polarized coherent pump beam that can be balanced or countered by xxx-yyy cavity-loss anisotropies, leading to switching between the xxx and yyy linearly polarized states of the generated laser field as the laser intensity is increased. This switching is not brought about by selection of the mode with the maximum emission intensity. A domain of bistability between the two linearly polarized states is found, whose width depends on the value of the decay rate of the two photon coherence induced among the sublevels of the J=1J=1J=1 level manifold. Differently from the incoherently pumped $J=1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{J}^{\ensuremath{'}}=0$ laser, the decay rate for the magnetic dipole in that manifold has no influence on the polarization of the emission.
The light of a quasi-isotropic, single-mode gas laser is linearly polarized for a line ${J}_{a}=1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{J}_{b}=2$. However, the azimuth of polarization can vary inside the line. Among the many different effects which cause these variations, we describe the role played by the detector optical feedback. We show experimentally that its amplitude and phase can be varied in a controlled manner in order to obtain abrupt switches between two perpendicular polarization states. Polarization bistability and hysteresis effects can then be commanded and studied from the outside of the laser.
We study theoretically the dynamic behavior of a J′=1→J″=0 laser (J is the angular momentum quantum number) optically pumped by means of a linearly polarized coherent field (coupled to an adjacent transition J=0→J′=1) when the pump field polarization is rotated at a constant angular velocity Ω and the laser field polarization either is fixed by the cavity or is free (isotropic cavity). Because of a strong pump-induced gain anisotropy, the dynamic behavior is completely different in each case. In the case of fixed laser field polarization, rich amplitude dynamics, which depend on the pump field strength, are found. At slow modulation frequencies (with respect to the molecular and the cavity relaxation rates), the system does not always follow the sequence of stationary and dynamic solutions that correspond to the autonomous laser as a function of the relative orientation angle between the polarizations of the pump and the laser fields. Phenomena such as delayed switching and suppression of chaos and stabilization of unstable steady states are found. In the case of an isotropic cavity, the pump field vector rotation is transferred to the laser field vector and amplitude unstable regimes are also strongly inhibited.
The field intensity and polarization behaviour of an optically pumped laser is investigated in different operating conditions. For a linearly polarized pump field, a strong gain anisotropy is induced which favours generation of light with a polarization parallel to that of the pump field. Thus gain anisotropy can be counterbalanced by cavity-loss anisotropy only at low pumping field intensities, and the interplay between both types of anisotropy leads to polarization switching phenomena. In contrast to the case of the incoherently pumped laser, the decay rate for the magnetic dipole induced on the J = 1 level plays a minor role in determining the polarization dynamics. The influence of a longitudinal magnetic field or of modulation of the pump-field polarization orientation leads to new features and complex dynamic behaviour which includes full polarization (or vector ) chaos.