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Acta Physica Sinica

Generation of coherent blue light via cavity-enhanced four-wave mixing in atomic vapor

白君利 Bai Junli, Cui Jing, Yue Linkun, Wang Yubo, 周海涛, Yang Baodong

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations

Abstract

基于铯原子6S1/2(F=4)→ 6P3/2 → 8S1/2 → 7P3/2 → 6S1/2(F=4)菱形能级系统，采用852 nm (6S1/2 → 6P3/2)和795 nm (6P3/2 → 8S1/2)两束红外泵浦光共同激励铯原子蒸气，通过四波混频过程实现频率上转换，获得了456 nm (7P3/2 → 6S1/2)相干、准直蓝光。实验中将两泵浦光束以近共线、同向方式单次穿过铯原子蒸气时，所产生的相干蓝光作为种子光注入一个四镜环形光学谐振腔，成功实现了相干蓝光的腔增强输出。与无腔条件下的单次泵浦构型相比，相干蓝光的输出功率提升了近一个数量级。系统研究了腔增强相干蓝光输出对泵浦光偏振、频率及原子气室温度等关键参数的依赖关系，为进一步优化实验条件、提升相干蓝光功率提供了依据。此外，光学谐振腔还有助于压窄相干蓝光的线宽。该窄线宽、频率可调的相干蓝光，在量子光学实验、自由空间光通信等领域具有潜在的应用前景。

DOI: 10.7498/aps.75.20260040

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We demonstrate the generation of coherent and collimated blue light (CBL) based on cesium (Cs) 6S1/2(F = 4)→6P3/2(F' = 5)→6D5/2(F'' = 6)→7P3/2(F' = 5)→6S1/2(F = 4) diamond-type atomic system in a heated vapor cell. Two infrared pumping lasers with wavelengths at 852 nm (6S1/2→6P3/2) and 917 nm (6P3/2→6D5/2), provide step-wise excitation to the 6D5/2 excited state, and induce strong two-photon coherence between the 6S1/2 state and 6D5/2 state. The atoms undergo a double cascade accompanied with the amplified spontaneous emission at 15.1 μm via the 7P3/2 intermediate excited state, and produce a beam of 455 nm (7P3/2→6S1/2) CBL with highly spatiotemporal coherence through a parametric four-wave mixing process. We investigate the influence of experimental parameters such as polarization combination of the two pumping lasers, and their power, and the temperature of Cs vapor cell on the CBL. Especially, we add a beam of 894 nm laser operating at the 6S1/2(F = 3) →6P1/2 transition as repumping laser, which can pump atoms back to the 6S1/2(F = 4) state from the 6S1/2(F = 3) state, thus significantly improving the power of CBL. This technique of the CBL enhancement via optical pumping is also useful for the other alkali metal atoms.

We investigate stimulated four-wave mixing (FWM) in the 6S1/2–6P3/2–8S1/2 open transition of a warm 133Cs atomic ensemble. Despite the absence of the two-photon cycling transition, we measure high-contrast FWM signals in the 6P3/2–8S1/2 transition between the upper excited states according to the frequency detuning and powers of the coupling and driving lasers. The FWM light generation in the upper excited states is interpreted as the FWM phenomena induced by the driving laser of the 6S1/2–6P3/2 transition from the cascade-type two-photon coherent atomic ensemble with the coupling and pump lasers. We believe that this work can contribute to the development of hybrid photonic quantum networks between photonic quantum states generated from different atomic systems.

我们为通过和在大去谐的限制下面开始处于一个奇怪协调的状态准备的一块单个模式的洞地的二个二水平的原子的同时的相互作用产生一个二原子的簇状态建议一个物理计划。驱散常数，这块地的紧张和准备计划上的有瑕疵的操作的影响 reinvestigated。当洞的紧张足够大时，洞腐烂的影响高效地被压制，这被显示出。当在穿过洞轴的二个原子之间的时差是小的时，在簇状态的实现的可能的错误是可以忽略的。计划能被当前的技术认识到，这被建议。

Abstract Using laser radiation with a wavelength of 852 nm, which is in resonance with Cs atoms, the bright laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) on the blue lines of 456 and 459 nm (transitions 6S1/2 → 7P3/2 and 6S1/2 → 7 P1/2) was studied by the transition 6S1/2 → 6P3/2. A 1 cm long T-shaped sapphire cell containing Cs atomic vapors was used. The LIF power was investigated as a function of the cell temperature. A linear dependence of the LIF power on the pump radiation was observed. The LIF reached a maximum at 100°C. It is shown that the Cs cell can serve as an effective optical up-converter filter of radiation with a wavelength of 852 nm to radiation with a wavelength of 456 nm.