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Non-Hermitian Supersymmetry: Geometry, Spectra, and the Extension of Quantum Symmetry Beyond Hermiticity

Ijaz Durrani

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.13140/rg.2.2.10761.71526

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Czechoslovak Journal of Physics•Nov 1, 2004•1 citation
We introduce and study a class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians which have velocity dependent potentials. Since stability can not be advocated directly from the classical potential, we show that the energy spectra are real and bounded from below which proves the stability of the spectra of all members in the class. We find that the introduced class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians do have a corresponding superpartner class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We were able to introduce supercharges which in conjunction with the corresponding super Hamiltonians constitute a closed super algebra. Among the introduced Hamiltonians, we show that non-PT\mathcal{PT }PT-symmetric Hamiltonians can be transformed into their corresponding superpartner Hamiltonians via a specific canonical transformation while the PT\mathcal{PT }PT-symmetric ones failed to be mapped to their corresponding superpartner Hamiltonians via the same canonical transformation. Since canonical transformations preserve the spectrum, we conclude that non-PT\mathcal{PT }PT-symmetric Hamiltonians out of the introduced class of Hamiltonians have the same spectrum as the corresponding superpartner Hamiltonians and thus Susy is broken for such Hamiltonians. This kind of intertwining of PT\mathcal{PT }PT-symmetry and Supersymmetry is new as all the so far discussed cases concentrate on Hamiltonians of broken $\mathcal{PT }% −symmetrythathavebrokenSupersymmetrytoowhileweshowedthatSusycanbealsobrokenfornon−-symmetry that have broken Supersymmetry too while we showed that Susy can be also broken for non-−symmetrythathavebrokenSupersymmetrytoowhileweshowedthatSusycanbealsobrokenfornon−\mathcal{PT }$-symmetric and non-Hermitian Hamiltonians .
Non-Hermitian disordered systems have emerged as a central arena in modern physics, with ramifications spanning condensed matter, quantum, statistical, and high energy contexts. The same principles also underlie phenomena beyond physics, such as network science, complex systems, and biophysics, where dissipation, nonreciprocity, and stochasticity are ubiquitous. Here, we review the physics and mathematics of non-Hermitian disordered systems, with particular emphasis on non-Hermitian random matrix theory. We begin by presenting the 38-fold symmetry classification of non-Hermitian systems, contrasting it with the 10-fold way for Hermitian systems. After introducing the classic Ginibre ensembles of non-Hermitian random matrices, we survey various diagnostics for complex-spectral statistics and distinct universality classes realized by symmetry. As a key application to physics, we discuss how non-Hermitian random matrix theory characterizes chaos and integrability in open quantum systems. We then turn to the criticality due to the interplay of disorder and non-Hermiticity, including Anderson transitions in the Hatano-Nelson model and its higher-dimensional extensions. We also discuss the effective field theory description of non-Hermitian disordered systems in terms of nonlinear sigma models.