A quantum-driven multi-stage framework integrating variational entanglement, reinforcement learning, and federated explainability for climate-resilient farming
Amreen Habibullah Khan, Dilip Kumar Jang Bahadur Saini, Tabassum H. Khan +3 more
The increasing constraints of climate change and data privacy necessitate high-efficiency, sustainable agriculture, which is causing a shift in the paradigm of Agro-informatics. Most classical agricultural models fail to capture genotype, soil chemistry, and climate dynamics connections. Latent interactions, essential to intelligent agricultural treatments and explainability, are lost in many data processing pipelines that use linear dimensionality reduction or black-box learning. This paper presents a quantum computing architecture for a revolutionary agricultural application, utilizing quantum encoding, topological learning, reinforcement optimization, federated intelligence, and explainability to highlight the importance of this vital field. In Quantum Variational Crop-Soil Entanglement Encoding, crop-soil interaction datasets are encoded into quantum state vectors using variational circuits, preserving high-order entanglement properties (fidelity > 0.96, entropy ~ 0.9). Quantum-guided agri-topological dynamics mapping transforms encoded states into permanent topological maps using a hybrid quantum-classical Topological Data Analysis to track climate-induced agri-system dynamics (r = 0.84 with the yield index). Field-level decisions using Quantum Reinforcement Learning for Precision Intervention policy mappings to relate topological states to interventions produce 16.2% normalized yield. Quantum Federated Learning for Distributed Farm Intelligence uses privacy-preserving, encrypted quantum policy gradients to enable learning across farms in varied locations, lowering communication by 42% and improving accuracy by 9.3%. Quantum Explainability through Entropic Intervention Attribution generates causal graphs of yield drivers with 89% confidence intervals using entropy-based attributions. This integrated framework enhances the knowledge preservation, policy accuracy, expandability, and trust of agricultural Artificial Intelligence systems, enabling quantum-accelerated, information-based, future-ready farming decision support systems.
Scientific Reports•Nov 3, 2025•4 citations