Verkle-Based PORST—Post-Quantum Digital Signature Scheme
Maksim Iavich, Sergei Simonovi, Răzvan Bocu
Modern-day cryptographic schemes are threatened by the rapid development of quantum computers, which are capable of solving discrete-logarithm-based problems in a reasonable amount of time. The paper proposes a novel approach to a PORS post-quantum secure signature. The main idea of the proposal is integrating a PORS signature scheme with a Verkle tree, which greatly reduces the signature size compared to a PORST that uses a Merkle tree, while reducing authentication overhead through constant-size vector commitment proofs at each tree level. The work is highly relevant as it proposes a post-quantum digital signature which has compact proofs and at the same time solves the problems of the original HORS signature scheme (subset-resilience problem). The work contributes to the ongoing standardization efforts in post-quantum cryptography by providing a theoretically scalable and efficient signature scheme that balances security, size, and verification speed.
IEEE Access•Jan 1, 2026•0 citations