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International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Intelligent Information Systems (ICUIS)

Noise Adaptive Simulation of Steane Code Fidelity for Enhanced Quantum Communication Networks

N. Nagasoudhamani, Krishna Madhav Nukala, Bharthavarapu Nirosha, Shilpa Adla, Sivva Yalamarthi, Dadinaboina A.K. Rao

Published Nov 26, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum communication protocols such as superdense coding enable high-capacity information transfer using quantum entanglement. However, their performance is significantly affected by environmental noise and decoherence. This study presents an enhanced simulation framework for evaluating the Steane 7-qubit error correction code applied to superdense coding under realistic noise conditions. Building upon earlier models, the proposed work introduces robust circuit depth control mechanism and noise-aware simulation using Qiskit Aer to analyze depolarizing, amplitude damping, and phase damping errors. The system automatically encodes, decodes, and measures fidelity across varying noise probabilities, classifying results into performance tiers based on resilience. Comprehensive visualization through trend plots, heatmaps, and tier distributions offers clear insights into the impact of noise on quantum communication fidelity. The findings demonstrate that Steane encoding stabilizes fidelity within moderate noise levels, thereby improving the robustness of dense coding. This enhanced model provides a reproducible and scalable approach for studying quantum error correction, contributing to the design of noise-tolerant quantum communication networks.

DOI
10.1109/icuis67429.2025.11380602

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•Dec 31, 2025•0 citations
Quantum communication protocols such as superdense coding enable high-capacity information transfer using quantum entanglement. However, their performance is significantly affected by environmental noise and decoherence. This study presents an enhanced simulation framework for evaluating the Steane 7-qubit error correction code applied to superdense coding under realistic noise conditions. Building upon earlier models, the proposed work introduces robust circuit depth control mechanism and noise-aware simulation using Qiskit Aer to analyze depolarizing, amplitude damping, and phase damping errors. The system automatically encodes, decodes, and measures fidelity across varying noise probabilities, classifying results into performance tiers based on resilience. Comprehensive visualization through trend plots, heatmaps, and tier distributions offers clear insights into the impact of noise on quantum communication fidelity. The findings demonstrate that Steane encoding stabilizes fidelity within moderate noise levels, thereby improving the robustness of dense coding. This enhanced model provides a reproducible and scalable approach for studying quantum error correction, contributing to the design of noise-tolerant quantum communication networks.
Quantum communication protocols, such as superdense coding, offer significant advantages in information transfer by leveraging quantum entanglement. However, practical implementations are hindered by the presence of noise and decoherence in quantum systems. This study investigates the effectiveness of the Steane 7-qubit error correction code in mitigating the impact of noise on the superdense coding protocol. Simulations were performed using Qiskit Aer, incorporating depolarizing, amplitude damping, and phase damping noise models at varying strengths. The error rates were evaluated across multiple trials to assess the robustness of the encoded communication. The results demonstrate that the Steane code substantially improves the fidelity of information transmission, with varying levels of protection depending on the type of noise present. These findings contribute to a better understanding of error correction strategies for reliable quantum communication in noisy environments.
Distributed quantum networks require robust protocols for high-capacity, noise-resilient communication between spatially separated nodes. Superdense coding, which leverages shared entanglement to transmit two classical bits per qubit, is a key primitive for benchmarking such networks. However, entanglement degradation from channel noise and decoherence poses major challenges for achieving scalable throughput in practical environments. We introduce a testbed protocol for adaptive superdense coding in distributed quantum networks (DQNs), integrating the five-qubit error correction code with a global, feedback-driven purification routine. By continuously monitoring quantum discord (QD) and entanglement of formation (EoF) via dedicated pilot pairs, our protocol dynamically tunes purification parameters to counteract amplitude and phase damping, while avoiding the loss of entangled pairs inherent to traditional schemes. Simulation results demonstrate that this hybrid quantum-classical approach enhances channel fidelity and throughput under realistic noise, providing a scalable testbed for distributed quantum error correction strategies and hybrid control in next-generation quantum networks.
Superdense Coding is a cornerstone in secure quantum communication, exploiting pre-shared entanglement to encode two classical bits within a single qubit. However, noise and decoherence deteriorate entanglement quality, restricting both fidelity and channel capacity in practical settings. Traditional methods, such as error correcting codes or entanglement distillation, are generally inadequate for dynamically varying noise conditions. Moreover, reliance on fidelity alone may fail to capture more subtle noise effects. This work introduces an adaptive protocol that integrates the five-qubit perfect code with a novel global adaptive purification that avoids discarding entangled pairs. By monitoring two information entropy-based metrics, quantum discord (QD) and entanglement of formation (EoF) from pilot pairs, we dynamically tune a global unitary to counteract noise. Our simulations, under both amplitude and phase damping, indicate that this integrated strategy could significantly enhance superdense coding robustness while preserving high throughput, thereby offering a scalable pathway toward a high-capacity quantum internet.
Building reliable quantum computers requires protecting fragile quantum states from inevitable environmental noise and operational errors. While quantum error correction codes like the Steane [ ⁣[7,1,3] ⁣][\![7,1,3]\!][[7,1,3]] code provide elegant theoretical solutions, their practical success hinges critically on how we measure errors - a process called syndrome extraction. The challenge lies in the ancilla qubits used for measurement: when they fail, errors can cascade across the entire quantum system, destroying the very information we're trying to protect. We address this fundamental problem by implementing and comparing three sophisticated syndrome measurement strategies: Shor's cat-state approach, which distributes measurements across multiple entangled ancillas achieving 85-92% preparation success; Steane's encoded-ancilla method using complete error-corrected logical qubits reaching 97.8% syndrome fidelity; and a flexible unified framework that adapts strategies based on hardware capabilities. Through extensive simulations using IBM's Qiskit platform spanning randomized benchmarking and T-heavy circuits, we demonstrate that intelligent ancilla management improves error suppression by up to 2.4×\times× compared to standard approaches. Our implementations achieve logical error rates as low as 5.1×10−55.1 \times 10^{-5}5.1×10−5 under realistic noise conditions with physical error rates of 10−310^{-3}10−3, while maintaining near-unity logical fidelity (0.99997) even for deep circuits. The threshold analysis reveals robust performance across distance-3 to distance-13 codes with characteristic threshold curves showing exponential error suppression below the critical physical error rate. These results provide immediately deployable tools for near-term quantum devices and establish practical design principles for scaling toward fault-tolerant quantum computers.
Quantum dense coding enables the transmission of two classical bits of information through the exchange of a single qubit, provided that an entangled state is shared between the communicating parties. While this protocol achieves a fundamental increase in channel capacity, its practical realization is strongly influenced by the presence of noise in realistic quantum channels. This work presents a simulation-based study of dense coding performance under two representative noise models: the depolarizing channel and the amplitude damping channel. Using Qiskit Aer, the bit error rate (BER), frame error rate (FER), and effective channel capacity are evaluated across a range of noise parameters. In addition, a classical threefold repetition strategy is examined as a lightweight error-mitigation technique. Results indicate that depolarizing noise produces more rapid degradation in both BER and channel capacity compared to amplitude damping, while repetition coding provides partial improvement in reliability at the expense of resource overhead. These findings highlight the trade-offs between efficiency and robustness in noisy implementations of dense coding and motivate further exploration of more advanced quantum error correction methods.
Building reliable quantum computers requires protecting fragile quantum states from inevitable environmental noise and operational errors. While quantum error correction codes like the Steane [[7,1,3]] code provide elegant theoretical solutions, their practical success hinges critically on how we measure errors—a process called syndrome extraction. The challenge lies in the ancilla qubits used for measurement: when they fail, errors can cascade across the entire quantum system, destroying the very information we’re trying to protect. We address this fundamental problem by implementing and comparing three sophisticated syndrome measurement strategies: Shor’s cat-state approach, which distributes measurements across multiple entangled ancillas achieving 85-92% preparation success; Steane’s encoded-ancilla method using complete error-corrected logical qubits reaching 97.8% syndrome fidelity; and a flexible unified framework that adapts strategies based on hardware capabilities. Through extensive simulations using IBM’s Qiskit platform spanning randomized benchmarking and T-heavy circuits, we demonstrate that intelligent ancilla management improves error suppression by up to 2.4×compared to standard approaches. Our implementations achieve logical error rates as low as 5.1 ×10^−5 under realistic noise conditions with physical error rates of 10^−3, while maintaining near-unity logical fidelity (0.99997) even for deep circuits. The threshold analysis reveals robust performance across distance-3 to distance-13 codes with characteristic threshold curves showing exponential error suppression below the critical physical error rate. These results provide immediately deployable tools for near-term quantum devices and establish practical design principles for scaling toward fault-tolerant quantum computers.