Abstract We report the first successful quantum teleportation protocol between heterogeneous quantum processing units (QPUs) using algebraic-geometric structure as the entanglement modulation framework. A 5-qubit quantum state was teleported from Rigetti Computing's Ankaa-3 superconducting QPU to IQM Quantum Computers' Emerald superconducting QPU, achieving 80\% bit-level fidelity using only classical communication channels. The protocol employs eigenphases extracted from the period matrix of genus-2 hyperelliptic curves to encode quantum correlation structure in a hardware-agnostic manner. Our implementation utilizes a novel database-coordinated classical channel for Bell measurement transmission, demonstrating that standard distributed systems infrastructure can support quantum networking protocols. The observed fidelity without quantum error correction, combined with the protocol's architecture-independence, provides strong evidence that topological encoding offers robustness advantages for distributed quantum computing. We present comprehensive experimental data, theoretical analysis, and a scalable framework for heterogeneous quantum network construction. Our results establish proof-of-concept for topology-mediated quantum communication and suggest pathways toward practical quantum internet implementation.
Abstract We report the first successful quantum teleportation protocol between heterogeneous quantum processing units (QPUs) using algebraic-geometric structure as the entanglement modulation framework. A 5-qubit quantum state was teleported from Rigetti Computing's Ankaa-3 superconducting QPU to IQM Quantum Computers' Emerald superconducting QPU, achieving 80% bit-level fidelity using only classical communication channels. The protocol employs eigenphases extracted from the period matrix of genus-2 hyperelliptic curves to encode quantum correlation structure in a hardware-agnostic manner. Our implementation utilizes a novel database-coordinated classical channel for Bell measurement transmission, demonstrating that standard distributed systems infrastructure can support quantum networking protocols. The observed fidelity without quantum error correction, combined with the protocol's architecture-independence, provides strong evidence that topological encoding offers robustness advantages for distributed quantum computing. We present comprehensive experimental data, theoretical analysis, and a scalable framework for heterogeneous quantum network construction. Our results establish proof-of-concept for topology-mediated quantum communication and suggest pathways toward practical quantum internet implementation.
Abstract We present the first experimental demonstration of quantum circuit teleportation between heterogeneous quantum processors using Bell state topology as a hardware-agnostic encoding framework. A complete quantum circuit---comprising 4 gate instructions (H, CNOT, Z measurements)---was teleported from Rigetti Computing's Ankaa-3 superconducting QPU to IQM Quantum Computers' Garnet system, with successful reconstruction and execution. The protocol encodes circuit instructions as Bell state manifolds using a 3-qubit error correction code with majority voting, achieving complete circuit fidelity despite architectural differences in native gate sets and connectivity topologies. By treating quantum gates as equivalence classes under entanglement structure---mapping H→∣Φ+⟩, CNOT→∣Ψ+⟩, Z→∣Φ−⟩, and M→∣Ψ−⟩---we establish a foundational equivalence between gate operations and Bell basis projections. Implementation utilizes the hyperelliptic lattice infrastructure developed previously, enabling topologically-aware routing of quantum programs. This work demonstrates that heterogeneous quantum networks can execute distributed quantum algorithms without dedicated quantum channels or pre-shared high-fidelity entanglement, using only classical database coordination. The 100\% circuit execution success rate combined with error-corrected Bell state decoding provides strong evidence that topology-mediated programming offers a practical pathway toward distributed quantum computing infrastructure. We present comprehensive experimental data, theoretical analysis connecting Bell topology to quantum circuit semantics, and a scalable framework for cross-architecture quantum software distribution.
Quantum networks play a pivotal role in quantum information science, which not only provide a secure communication platform for remote access to quantum computers but also serve as the strategic core for achieving large-scale quantum information processing, forming the foundational infrastructure for the future global-scale quantum internet. Quantum teleportation, which enables the transmission of unknown quantum states over long distances by employing quantum entanglement together with classical communication, is essential for the distribution of quantum resources in the construction of the global-scale quantum internet. To realize a global-scale quantum internet, quantum repeater protocols represent one of the most promising approaches for enabling quantum communication between any nodes. This concise review presents representative experimental demonstrations of quantum teleportation for constructing quantum networks across different physical platforms. Along this trajectory, the review discusses current challenges, open issues, and future perspectives toward scalable and practical quantum internet.
Quantum computing communication interfaces are emerging as a fundamental technology for enabling seamless interaction between quantum processors, classical computing systems, cloud infrastructures, and distributed quantum networks. The development of efficient communication interfaces is essential to address challenges such as quantum state transmission, synchronization, error correction, latency, scalability, and interoperability across heterogeneous computing environments. This paper presents a comprehensive study of quantum computing communication interfaces by examining their architecture, communication protocols, hardware components, and software integration mechanisms. The proposed framework incorporates quantum-classical hybrid communication, quantum networking principles, secure quantum key distribution, adaptive resource management, and intelligent error mitigation techniques to improve communication reliability and computational efficiency. Furthermore, the study investigates the role of emerging technologies such as quantum internet, photonic interconnects, edge-cloud integration, and artificial intelligence in enhancing interface performance. Performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed communication interface architecture achieves reduced communication latency, improved transmission fidelity, enhanced scalability, optimized resource utilization, and stronger security compared with conventional quantum communication approaches. The findings indicate that intelligent quantum communication interfaces can significantly accelerate the practical deployment of distributed quantum computing systems and future large-scale quantum applications.
This paper introduces a novel approach to quantum data transmission leveraging geometric topology. Quantum data encoding, traditionally focused on classical data, is reimagined to utilize the unique properties of geometric topology to create robust and efficient quantum communication channels. The core mechanism centers on encoding data as quantum states, and exploiting the inherent correlations of quantum entanglement to achieve enhanced security and increased data transfer rates. This work investigates the potential of geometric topology to revolutionize quantum communication, offering a fundamentally different approach compared to existing techniques. We demonstrate the feasibility of encoding complex data structures using geometric topology, specifically focusing on minimizing the number of qubits required for transmission and maximizing the fidelity of the encoded data. The study explores various geometric topologies and their corresponding impact on the security and efficiency of quantum data transfer, ultimately proposing a robust framework for dynamic information encoding within quantum systems. The research utilizes a combination of theoretical analysis and numerical simulations to validate the proposed methodology, highlighting its potential for significant advancements in quantum communication. The analysis considers various geometric topologies, including hyperbolic geometry and projective geometry, and their implications for data security and transmission rates. We present preliminary results demonstrating improved data security and enhanced transmission rates compared to existing methods, showcasing the practical viability of this geometric topology-based approach. Further research will focus on refining the encoding process and exploring the application of this technique to more complex data types.
With the advent of quantum technology, the exploration of quantum teleportation has become increasingly important, and it has provided a glimpse of the potential of quantum information science. The current research delves into the background of quantum teleportation, emphasizing its key role in advancing quantum communication and computation. Implications of this research are that it has the potential to revolutionize data transmission and processing, providing a secure and efficient means of exchanging quantum information. This paper is structured to provide a comprehensive study of quantum teleportation, starting with a literature review that lays the foundation for our work. Afterward, the details of our research are presented, including the theoretical framework and the proposed methodology for realizing the quantum teleportation protocol. We provide a careful overview of the technical details, demonstrating the complexity of quantum state preparation, entanglement distribution, and Bell state measurements. Our empirical section demonstrates the practical application of these protocols, providing empirical evidence of successful teleportation of quantum states. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by the experimental results, which validate the feasibility and reliability of our approach. Conclusions drawn from the experiments emphasize the robustness of quantum teleportation as a viable technology for future quantum networks.
This paper explores a novel approach to achieving high-fidelity and scalable quantum computation through heterogeneous qubit connectivity within a topological quantum computing framework. The core challenge in topological quantum computing lies in effectively connecting qubits of diverse types – differing in their physical realization and control mechanisms – to enable complex quantum algorithms. This work proposes a system leveraging topological networks to establish these connections, capitalizing on quantum entanglement to facilitate information transfer and control across disparate qubit architectures. The proposed method addresses a critical bottleneck in the development of topological quantum computers by offering a fundamentally new strategy for heterogeneous qubit integration. The theoretical framework presented outlines the key principles and potential advantages of this approach, emphasizing the realization of robust, scalable, and versatile quantum systems. We detail the conceptual design, focusing on entanglement distribution and error mitigation strategies specific to this architecture. The ultimate goal is to demonstrate a pathway towards building quantum computers capable of tackling complex problems requiring diverse qubit capabilities.