This paper proposes a conceptual framework in which classical spacetime is not fundamental but emerges from a deeper, timeless, pre-geometric domain. I refer to these two layers as Ubigger, a pre-classical domain without space, time, separability, or numerical structure, and Uclassical, the emergent layer in which classical physics operates. The transition between them occurs through an unfolding process that generates spatial extension, temporal ordering, dimensional structure, and causal relations. Within this framework, quantum superposition and entanglement reflect pre-classical unity rather than nonlocal influence, while measurement corresponds to unfolding into definite classical configurations. The same unfolding mechanism provides intuitive reinterpretations of several longstanding conceptual challenges, including the Big Bang, cosmic expansion, gravitational curvature, the measurement problem, as well as the arrow of time and the universe’s low-entropy origin.
This paper proposes a conceptual framework in which classical spacetime is not fundamental but emerges from a deeper, timeless, pre-geometric domain. I refer to these two layers as Ubigger, a pre-classical domain without space, time, separability, or numerical structure, and Uclassical, the emergent layer in which classical physics operates. The transition between them occurs through an unfolding process that generates spatial extension, temporal ordering, dimensional structure, and causal relations. Within this framework, quantum superposition and entanglement reflect pre-classical unity rather than nonlocal influence, while measurement corresponds to unfolding into definite classical configurations. The same unfolding mechanism provides intuitive reinterpretations of several longstanding conceptual challenges, including the Big Bang, cosmic expansion, gravitational curvature, the measurement problem, as well as the arrow of time and the universe’s low-entropy origin.
Modern theoretical physics rests on two highly successful but conceptually distinct frameworks: quantum mechanics and general relativity. While both theories are experimentally confirmed to high precision within their respective domains, they rely on fundamentally different starting points. General relativity takes spacetime as a primitive geometric structure, whereas quantum mechanics is formulated in terms of abstract state spaces without intrinsic spacetime meaning. Most approaches to quantum gravity attempt to reconcile this tension by modifying, quantizing, or discretizing spacetime itself. Even in approaches where spacetime is said to be “emergent,” it typically remains the primary conceptual backdrop on which physical processes are defined. Despite extensive efforts, there is no consensus on whether spacetime should be regarded as fundamental or derivative. In this work, a more radical starting point is explored. Rather than modifying spacetime or its geometry, we ask whether spacetime can be excluded entirely from the fundamental layer of the theory and recovered only at a later, operational stage. The central question is not how spacetime behaves, but whether the notion of “what lies between physical objects” must be spatial or temporal at the most fundamental level. We propose a framework—referred to here as Super Relativity (SR)—based on a single pre-geometric postulate: the existence of a monotonically expanding set of possible quantum configurations, referred to as the flux. Formally, this flux is represented as a monotone, σ-finite family of capacity measures on a common configuration space (introduced in Section 2). This postulate deliberately refrains from assuming spacetime, time ordering, metric structure, causality, or dynamics. Within this pre-geometric core, two derived, dimensionless notions are introduced: utilization, describing the realization of configurations, and saturation, defined as the ratio between utilized and available configurations. A central structural element of SR is the strict separation between a core layer and an interface layer. In the core layer, all quantities are pre-geometric and dimensionless, and no reference is made to space, time, motion, energy, or interaction. Only at the interface layer are operational notions introduced, including clocks, rulers, and signal propagation. Spacetime, in this construction, is not a dynamical entity but an effective bookkeeping structure that encodes relative rates of change once a calibration to physical units is performed. Within this framework, gravitational phenomena do not originate from spacetime curvature taken as fundamental. Instead, they arise from variations in saturation that, at the interface level, manifest as uniform rescalings of physical processes. When expressed in geometric language, these rescalings reproduce the standard predictions of general relativity, including gravitational time dilation and the equivalence between gravitation and acceleration. The invariant local speed of light is not postulated but follows as a derived consequence, since both clock rates and signal propagation are affected identically by the same underlying saturation mechanism. The aim of this paper is not to introduce new empirical predictions beyond those of general relativity, nor to present a complete theory of quantum gravity. Rather, the objective is foundational: to demonstrate that the mathematical structure of general relativity can be reconstructed from a single pre-geometric postulate without assuming spacetime as part of the fundamental ontology. In this sense, SR should be understood as a reconstruction and reinterpretation of known physics, rather than as a competing dynamical theory. An extended and fully explicit formulation of the framework, including all intermediate steps, is available in a companion preprint (version V12) deposited on Zenodo. The present paper restricts itself to the minimal conceptual and mathematical structure required to establish logical consistency and to demonstrate the emergence of general-relativistic behavior at the interface level.
Modern physics faces a constellation of foundational puzzles: the Big Bang singularity, time's arrow, dark matter and dark energy, the cosmological constant problem, fine-tuning, quantum measurement, and quantum gravity unification. This Perspective proposes a unified resolution grounded in complexity-driven selection from diverse quantum paths. Prior to the Big Bang, reality comprises a pre-temporal quantum substrate (lacking classical time coordinate but governed by unitary quantum evolution), evolving reversibly across multiple trajectories—including opposing time arrows. The Big Bang marks an emergence threshold (λ) where decoherence locks spacetime parameters, yielding our classical universe as a "survivor" of local emergence rather than a closed totality. Dark matter and dark energy represent unevolved quantum paths—residuals exerting gravitational influence without full manifestation. This framework reframes cosmology as the study of layered emergence, dissolving "why" questions into "when/how" selection dynamics, with testable predictions in CMB perturbations, quantum decoherence experiments, and gravitational wave observations. By shifting from reductionism to emergentism, it suggests a universal pattern: threshold-gated emergence from diverse substrates, applicable from the cosmos to consciousness.
This paper develops an extension of Existential Realism, a philosophical framework that distinguishes existence (what concretely is in the present moment) from reality (the broader causal–structural domain that includes past events, causal relations, informational traces, and structured future possibilities that are real but not presently existent). We synthesize core ideas from the original Existential Realism framework—ontological emergence, entanglement, temporal asymmetry, dimensional collapse, and the notion of a “dimensionless source”—and push them into new conceptual terrain. Time is placed at the heart of ontology: the present moment is the locus of existence, continually generating new actuality from prior reality. Past and future are real (with causal efficacy and structure) yet lack present existence. We explore how this two-tiered temporal ontology can accommodate key features of modern physics and metaphysics. In particular, we argue that ontological emergence at each moment provides a genuine arrow of time and a solution to the puzzle of how determinate events arise from an indeterminate backdrop. Quantum entanglement and nonlocal correlations, far from undermining a temporally oriented realism, instead hint at a deeper layer of unity “beneath” spacetime—a layer we articulate as a dimensionless source of reality. The dimensionless source is defined as a non-spatiotemporal relational structure encoding the informational constraints under which spatiotemporal events emerge through sequential actualization. It contains the informational constraints and lawful relations governing the generation of successive present states of the universe. We propose that spacetime and its separations emerge from this atemporal, aspatial ground, such that phenomena like entanglement and wavefunction collapse reveal the traces of a more fundamental order where spatial distance and temporal succession are secondary. Throughout, we connect these ideas to contemporary debates in quantum foundations (e.g. the measurement problem and objective collapse theories), philosophy of time (presentism, eternalism, and the reality of becoming), and speculative metaphysics (structural realism and process ontology). The result is a comprehensive, present-centered realist ontology that aims to reconcile the lived reality of time’s flow with the insights of modern physics, suggesting new avenues for understanding causality, identity, and agency in a dynamic universe.
We propose a theoretical framework in which time is not a fundamental variable but an emergentproperty arising from the transition between indefinite and definite causal order in quantum processes.Building on the process matrix formalism and the established phenomenon of indefinite causal order,we introduce the concept of Pre-Time, a fully quantum domain where no global temporal directionexists and causal relations remain in coherent superposition. Within this framework, we define acausal-emergence measure λ(W ) that quantifies the distance between a given process matrix W andthe convex set of causally separable processes; λ(W ) > 0 identifies genuinely pre-temporal systems,whereas λ(W ) = 0 corresponds to the emergence of a classical temporal order. We show that, underincreasing decoherence or environmental coupling, any physically realizable process must undergo amonotonic reduction of λ(W ), providing a mathematical mechanism for the conformation of temporalorder. Within this framework, apparent retrocausal paradoxes associated with delayed-choice andquantum eraser experiments do not arise, since the “past” is not a pre-existing entity but a structureformed only upon causal consolidation. The model remains fully consistent with quantum mechanics,relativity, and thermodynamic irreversibility, while offering novel predictions about intermediatepre-temporal phases and the emergence of classical causality. Our results suggest that time ariseswhen the universe selects a definite causal order, and that the pre-temporal quantum regime may playa central role in foundational physics and future quantum-gravity research.
Spacetime is not a fundamental arena but a representational interface that becomes valid only when a quantum state's internal relational structure satisfies specific conditions. This work synthesizes established results from quantum foundations, decoherence theory, and emergent spacetime research into a coherent ontology identifying when a wavefunction "licenses" a spacetime description. Three structural conditions must be jointly satisfied: (1) entanglement is sufficiently structured to support connected geometry; (2) entanglement is not so dense as to erase locality through volume-law scrambling; and (3) decoherence suppresses phase relationships enough to produce WKB-stable classical histories. A fourth structural condition: the Higgs field's vacuum expectation value, sets the classical mass spectrum and stabilizes decoherence. When all conditions hold, a subsystem is forced into a classical mode of representation characterized by locality, geometry, causal order, and sequential time. The Big Bang is reframed as the relational event at which these conditions were first satisfied, rather than a temporal origin. The rendering model is then extended to examine cosmological parameters as interface requirements, classical end-time scenarios as failures of the interface (not the substrate), and the metaphysical implications of a universe whose deepest ontology is non-geometric, nonlocal, and non-temporal. Drawing on philosophical traditions from Plato to Bergson alongside modern quantum gravity, the paper concludes that reality is correlation: spacetime is the classical world's shadow of a deeper relational whole, and the wavefunction is the universe.
This trilogy introduces the ZIP framework as an ontological reinterpretation of time, coherence, and cosmological structure. Rather than proposing new physical laws, the framework reexamines the meaning of established formalisms in general relativity, quantum mechanics, and cosmology. The first paper reinterprets gravitational time dilation as a consequence of constrained state change governed by ZIP density, demonstrating full compatibility with relativistic effects observed in satellite-based systems. The second paper extends this interpretation to quantum systems, proposing coherence capacity as the key factor underlying decoherence, measurement, and the emergence of probabilistic outcomes without invoking fundamental time. The third paper addresses cosmology by introducing a pre-informational ontological layer, referred to as consciousness, from which a Fundamental Informational Field (FIF) emerges through self-coherence. The universe is described as a structured region arising from a transitional boundary between pre-informational reality and informational order, offering a consistent account of entropy growth, the arrow of time, and classical structure formation. Together, the trilogy presents a unified conceptual framework in which time, information, and physical structure emerge from deeper ontological constraints, while remaining fully consistent with established experimental and theoretical physics.