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Qubit Loading and Operations on a Tweezer Array Based Quantum Computer of Bosonic Strontium

Rik van Herk, Marijn Venderbosch, Zhichao Guo, Max Festenstein, Jesus del Pozo Mellado, Rianne S. Lous, Edgar J.D. Vredenbregt, S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

Published Oct 7, 2025• 0 citations
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Optical tweezers provide a versatile platform for the manipulation and detection of single atoms.Here, we use optical tweezers to demonstrate a set of tools for the microscopic control of atomic strontium, which has two valence electrons.Compared to the single-valence-electron atoms typically used with tweezers, strontium has a more complex internal state structure with a variety of transition wavelengths and linewidths.We report single-atom loading into an array of subwavelength scale optical tweezers and lightshift-free control of a narrow-linewidth optical transition.We use this transition to perform threedimensional ground-state cooling and to enable high-fidelity nondestructive imaging of single atoms on subwavelength spatial scales.These capabilities, combined with the rich internal structure of strontium, open new possibilities including tweezer-based metrology, new quantum computing architectures, and new paths to low-entropy many-body physics.

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Explorations in Bosonic Quantum Computing’

Josefine Bjørndal Robl

•Nov 13, 2025•0 citations
The scalability of physical qubit numbers is a central challenge toward a universal fault-tolerant quantum computer. The inherent scalability of atom array quantum computers stems from the identical nature of atomic qubits, so the available qubit resource is primarily limited by the number of atoms that can be trapped and controlled. Here, we robustly trap 11,000 individual atoms in a tweezer array, thereby enabling the available qubit resource to reach the tens-of-thousands scale for the first time among all quantum computation platforms. This advance is enabled by a single metasurface, approximately 2 cm in diameter, that generates the entire tweezer array without the need for microscope objectives, thereby maximizing laser-power efficiency. The large aperture ensures a working distance of about 1.5 cm, allowing the metasurface to be placed outside the vacuum cell and avoiding the technical complications of in-vacuum operation. We further characterize the randomly loaded atom array using the statistical theory of percolation phase transitions. This work takes an important first step toward a quantum computer at the 10,000-qubit scale.
Optical tweezers provide a versatile platform for the manipulation and detection of single atoms.Here, we use optical tweezers to demonstrate a set of tools for the microscopic control of atomic strontium, which has two valence electrons.Compared to the single-valence-electron atoms typically used with tweezers, strontium has a more complex internal state structure with a variety of transition wavelengths and linewidths.We report single-atom loading into an array of subwavelength scale optical tweezers and lightshift-free control of a narrow-linewidth optical transition.We use this transition to perform threedimensional ground-state cooling and to enable high-fidelity nondestructive imaging of single atoms on subwavelength spatial scales.These capabilities, combined with the rich internal structure of strontium, open new possibilities including tweezer-based metrology, new quantum computing architectures, and new paths to low-entropy many-body physics.