The fundamentals of quantum mechanics, surely also of quantum electronics, have been found of some imperfections. Based on the relevant remedy regarding de Broglie relationship of wave-particle duality, both Schrödinger equation and Dirac equation are comprehensively modified.
Copenhagen physicists said; The electronics that we use today-radio, televisions, computers, lasers, MRI machines GPS-communications- depend on calculations using Schrodinger’s equation plus a lot of other Mathematics and Measurements, our idea of “shut up and calculate” has worked very well for us technologically. My comment’s these technological achievements do not justify that the equation itself as (I will try show) has any true scientific basis. In 1925, Erwin Schrodinger wrote excitingly to Einstein. “I have been intensely concerned these days with Louis de Broglie’s theory [1]. It is extraordinary, exciting, but still has some very grave difficulties”. So regardless of you are consider Schrodinger’s equation is a fundamental equation (has no derivation from simples forms) or derived one, you cannot deny first that Schrodinger’s equation is a wave equation and second it is shows how (de Broglie hypothesis of) matter wave change with time. i.e. Schrodinger equation describe the evaluation of the physical system in which the quantum effects, the “Wave-particle” duality are significant.
The Einstein relationship, the de Broglie relationship, and the Born rule are considered fundamental in quantum mechanics, yet in mathematical logic, as usually written, they are not self-consistent [1]. On the other hand, each has had great success individually at predicting the outcome of experiments. It is shown here that the lack of self-consistency can be remedied if it is assumed the wave is physical, and the equation for the wave, and not the particle, is actually the Schrödinger equation.
Main features:i) A different approach for teaching Quantum Mechanics encompassing old quantum mechanics, matrix mechanics and wave mechanics in a historical perspective which helps to consolidate most important concepts of Quantum Mechanics;ii) Original information from the most important papers of Quantum Mechanics;iii) Derivation of all important equations of Quantum Mechanics, for example, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, de Broglie’s wave-particle duality, Schrödinger’s wave equation, etc., showing their interrelations through Dirac’s equations and other applications of matrix and wave mechanics;iv) Comprehensive mathematical support for the understanding of Quantum Mechanics; derivation of all equations make reading easier;v) The illustrations of the book cover examples, exercises and do-it-yourself activities;vi) Fundamentals of Fortran and numerical calculation along with the source codes for numerical solutions of several mathematical and quantum problems. All source codes are in the author’s site: (https://www.fortrancodes.com/);vii) Chapters devoted to linear algebra and differential equations applied to quantum mechanics and their numerical solutions;viii) Complete solution for the one-electron and two-electron problems using Schrödinger’s time independent equation along with their source codes.
Quantum mechanics is the fundamental theory of nature at small scales and low energies of atoms and subatomic particles. Quantum mechanics is inescapable. Nearly all fields of modern physics, from elementary particles to the big bang, from semiconductors to solar energy cells, are related to quantum physics. Particles have characteristic trait of both particles and waves. The Schrodinger equation is the basic equation of quantum mechanics. The Schrodinger equation was established based on the quantization of energy conservation using quantum operators and the de Broglie relation. Wave function plays an important role in quantum mechanics. The probability interpretation assumes that the norm of the wave function measures the probability of the system in a particular coordinate or representation, in which the total probability is normalized.
Some recent experiments claim to show that any model in which a quantum state represents mere information about an underlying physical reality of the system must make predictions which contradict those of quantum theory. The present work undertakes to investigate the issue of reality, treading a more fundamental route from the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of classical mechanics to the Schrodinger equation of quantum mechanics. Motivation for this is a similar approach from the eikonal equation in geometrical optics to the wave equation in electromagnetic theory. We rewrite the classical Hamilton-Jacobi equation as a wave equation and seek to generalise de Broglie's wave particle duality by demanding that both particle and light waves have the freedom of being described by any square-integrable function. This generalisation, which allows superposition also for matter wave functions, helps us to obtain the Schrodinger equation, whose solution can be seen to be as much objective as the classical mechanics wave function. Several other equations which one writes in quantum mechanics, including the eigenvalue equations for observables, series expansion of energy states in terms of eigenstates of observables other than energy, etc., can be written in the classical case too. Absence of any collapse of the wave function, entanglement, etc. in the classical realm have their origin in the nonlinearity of the classical wave equation. These considerations indicate that many of the puzzles in quantum mechanics are present also in classical mechanics in a dormant form, which fact shall help to demystify quantum mechanics to a great extent.