In this article, to study the mystery, we extend: the single-slit to curve-single-slit, and double-slit to non-parallel-double-slit to curve-double-slit to non-parallel-curve-double-slit experiments. We show the phenomena that the slight differences in the structures/shapes of slits produce profound different patterns, referred to it as “Optics-Butterfly-phenomenon”. The “Optics-Butterfly-Phenomenon” is helpful for thoroughly understanding the interference/diffraction phenomena of the optics. It is challenge to interpret “Optics-Butterfly-Phenomenon”.
In this article, to study the mystery, we extend: the single-slit to curve-single-slit, and double-slit to non-parallel-double-slit to curve-double-slit to non-parallel-curve-double-slit experiments. We show the phenomena that the slight differences in the structures/shapes of slits produce profound different patterns, referred to it as “Optics-Butterfly-phenomenon”. The “Optics-Butterfly-Phenomenon” is helpful for thoroughly understanding the interference/diffraction phenomena of the optics. It is challenge to interpret “Optics-Butterfly-Phenomenon”.
Feynman (1956) called the double slit experiment "[…] it contains the only mystery. We cannot make the mystery go away by ‘explaining’ how it works". The photons are described by probability wave functions. The wave functions collapse to photons when measuring. However, the collapse of the wave function leads to the inconsistent/incomplete of the quantum mechanics (Penrose, 2022). In this article, we confirm that the apparatus of slits, e.g., the curve-double slit, does not change the nature of the light passing through it. We perform multi-experiments to show that, before and after passing through the apparatus of slits, the light is photons, not waves. And it is photons that produce the non-wave pattern and wave patterns in the same experiment. We refer to the phenomena as “PhotoWave Phenomena”. We experimentally show for the first-time novel phenomena that are new mysteries: (1) in the same curve-single slit experiment, the patterns are non-diffraction near the apparatus of slits and then, gradually evolve to the Hourglass-shape patterns; (2) Curved-double slit produces Arc-shape interference pattern near the apparatus of slits and Point-symmetry interference patterns near the detector; (3) non-parallel-curve-double slit produces Butterfly-shape interference patterns. We show the sensitive dependence of patterns on the structures of apparatus of slits: changes in the structure of the apparatus of slits result in profound differences in both pattern evolution and final pattern. We refer to it as “Optical-Butterfly-effect”. Slit Patterns Slit Patterns The above novel phenomena are universal. The PhotoWave phenomena support Penrose’s statement. To explain completely/consistently the PhotoWave phenomena and Optical-Butterfly-effect is a challenge. Advances in optical experiments demand a complete theory. The experiments provide the comprehensive phenomena for further developing theoretical model to study the nature of the light and the light wave theories.
Feynman (1956) called the double slit experiment "[…] it contains the only mystery. We cannot make the mystery go away by ‘explaining’ how it works". The photons are described by probability wave functions. The wave functions collapse to photons when measuring. However, the collapse of the wave function leads to the inconsistent/incomplete of the quantum mechanics (Penrose, 2022). In this article, we show that, the light is photons, not waves. And it is photons that produce the non-wave pattern and wave patterns in the same experiment. We refer to the phenomenon as “PhotoWave Phenomenon”. We experimentally show for the first-time the novel phenomenon that is new mystery, non-parallel-curve-double slit produces Butterfly-shape interference patterns. We show the sensitive dependence of patterns on the structures of apparatus of slits: changes in the structure of the slits result in profound differences in pattern. We refer to it as “Optical-Butterfly-effect”. The PhotoWave phenomena support Penrose’s statement. Advances in optical experiments, i.e., PhotoWave phenomena, demand a complete theory. The experiments provide the comprehensive phenomena for further developing theoretical model to study the nature of the light and the light wave theories.
Feynman (1956) called the double slit experiment "[…] it contains the only mystery. We cannot make the mystery go away by ‘explaining’ how it works". The photons are described by probability wave functions. The wave functions collapse to photons when measuring. However, the collapse of the wave function leads to the inconsistent/incomplete of the quantum mechanics (Penrose, 2022). In this article, we confirm that the apparatus of slits, e.g., the curve-double slit, does not change the nature of the light passing through it. We perform multi-experiments to show that, before and after passing through the apparatus of slits, the light is photons, not waves. And it is photons that produce the non-wave pattern and wave patterns in the same experiment. We refer to the phenomena as “PhotoWave Phenomena”. We experimentally show for the first-time novel phenomena that are new mysteries: (1) in the same curve-single slit experiment, the patterns are non-diffraction near the apparatus of slits and then, gradually evolve to the Hourglass-shape patterns; (2) Curved-double slit produces Arc-shape interference pattern near the apparatus of slits and Point-symmetry interference patterns near the detector; (3) non-parallel-curve-double slit produces Butterfly-shape interference patterns. We show the sensitive dependence of patterns on the structures of apparatus of slits: changes in the structure of the apparatus of slits result in profound differences in both pattern evolution and final pattern. We refer to it as “Optical-Butterfly-effect”. Slit Patterns Slit Patterns The above novel phenomena are universal. The PhotoWave phenomena support Penrose’s statement. To explain completely/consistently the PhotoWave phenomena and Optical-Butterfly-effect is a challenge. Advances in optical experiments demand a complete theory. The experiments provide the comprehensive phenomena for further developing theoretical model to study the nature of the light and the light wave theories.
The single slit and double slit experiments are two profound experiments in Physical/quantum optics. In this article, we study the variety of the optical experiments, including experiments of cross-single slit, curve-single slit, and cross-curve-single slit, which producing Hourglass diffraction pattern, of non-parallel double slit, and cross-non-parallel double slit, which producing Hybrid pattern, of curve-double slit, and cross-curve-double slit, which producing Arc-shape and Point-symmetry interference pattern, of non-parallel-curve-double slit, which producing Butterfly-shape interference pattern, and of non-parallel triple slit, which producing diffraction crossing interference pattern. The experiments show that it is photons that produce wave-like patterns, referred to as PhotoWave experiments. It is a challenge to interpret all PhotoWave experiments consistently and completely.
Young’s double slit experiment was called as "a phenomenon […] has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery. We cannot make the mystery go away by ‘explaining’ how it works". To study the mystery, we perform the non-crossing-slit-experiments and crossing-slit experiments and show phenomena: (1) in the same double slit or cross double slit experiments, the non-interference patterns gradually evolve to the interference patterns; (2) in the same single slit or cross single slit experiments, the non-diffraction patterns gradually evolve to the diffraction patterns; (3) in the same two-non-parallel-slits experiment, the non-wave patterns gradually evolve to the hybrid pattern (i.e., interference-pattern-embedded-in-diffraction-pattern); (4) in the same curved-double slit experiments, the non-interference patterns evolve to Seashell-shape interference patterns. The above phenomena show new mysteries that are more mysterious than that of the double slit experiments: it is challenge to consistently explain how they work. Those novel phenomena indicate that the standard theories of the double slit are incomplete. Novel experiments bring the search for the new theory of physical/quantum optics.
Young’s double slit experiment was called as "a phenomenon […] has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery. We cannot make the mystery go away by ‘explaining’ how it works". To study the mystery, we perform the non-crossing-slit-experiments and crossing-slit experiments and show phenomena: (1) in the same double slit or cross double slit experiments, the non-interference patterns gradually evolve to the interference patterns; (2) in the same single slit or cross single slit experiments, the non-diffraction patterns gradually evolve to the diffraction patterns; (3) in the same two-non-parallel-slits experiment, the non-wave patterns gradually evolve to the hybrid pattern (i.e., interference-pattern-embedded-in-diffraction-pattern); (4) in the same curved-double slit experiments, the non-interference patterns evolve to Seashell-shape interference patterns. The above phenomena show new mysteries that are more mysterious than that of the double slit experiments: it is challenge to consistently explain how they work. Those novel phenomena indicate that the standard theories of the double slit are incomplete. Novel experiments bring the search for the new theory of physical/quantum optics.