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Science and technique in Heidegger and Heisenberg

Paulo Rogério Garcez de Moura

Published Sep 11, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The classical physical science distinguishes itself as a previous project, consisting of the fundamental concepts of elements such as calculation, time, space, motion, matter, force and directed to capture all the nature phenomena supposedly unified. Quantum mechanics advances beyond these postulates, evidencing the inevitable interference of the subject in the search results , in which a reference to an ontological theory with material objects should be able to capture for regularities calculation, it becomes impossible, leaving the core concepts and field for the previous innovative project. As a result, the uncertainty principle that is expressed in a state of motion is identified only as to the statistical calculation or position, or the magnitude of the movement. After the development the existential concept of science that emphasizes the being-there as being-in-the-world to find certain beings as objects by the previous project of the scientific perspective, Heidegger subsequently comes to the conclusion that quantum physics incorporating the classical physics keeps unchangeable in terms of the previous science project of all: the nature disposes in advance a way of securing the meeting proposed by the existing human scientific achievement in theory terms . Science is only an access way to nature in its inexhaustible plenitude, so that it makes it unavoidable and unattainable with the scientificity resources. The com-position is the essence of the technique using scientific results and, by its vortex, enabling it to the final co-existing human. It remains to the being-there the mercy of a thought as to question the destitute condition of his own danger in forgetting that the cooption may be victim of their own decision.

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The classical physical science distinguishes itself as a previous project, consisting of the fundamental concepts of elements such as calculation, time, space, motion, matter, force and directed to capture all the nature phenomena supposedly unified. Quantum mechanics advances beyond these postulates, evidencing the inevitable interference of the subject in the search results , in which a reference to an ontological theory with material objects should be able to capture for regularities calculation, it becomes impossible, leaving the core concepts and field for the previous innovative project. As a result, the uncertainty principle that is expressed in a state of motion is identified only as to the statistical calculation or position, or the magnitude of the movement. After the development the existential concept of science that emphasizes the being-there as being-in-the-world to find certain beings as objects by the previous project of the scientific perspective, Heidegger subsequently comes to the conclusion that quantum physics incorporating the classical physics keeps unchangeable in terms of the previous science project of all: the nature disposes in advance a way of securing the meeting proposed by the existing human scientific achievement in theory terms . Science is only an access way to nature in its inexhaustible plenitude, so that it makes it unavoidable and unattainable with the scientificity resources. The com-position is the essence of the technique using scientific results and, by its vortex, enabling it to the final co-existing human. It remains to the being-there the mercy of a thought as to question the destitute condition of his own danger in forgetting that the cooption may be victim of their own decision.
A fisica classica distingue-se como ciencia por um projeto previo, composto pelos conceitos fundamentais de elementos como calculo, tempo, espaco, movimento, materia, forca e direcionado a captar todos os fenomenos da natureza supostamente unificada. A mecânica quântica avanca alem desses postulados, evidenciando a inevitavel interferencia do sujeito nos resultados de sua pesquisa, em que a referencia a uma teoria ontologica com objetos materiais, devendo ser captaveis para fins de calculo de regularidades, tornase impossivel, restando os conceitos de nucleo e campo para o projeto previo inovador. Em decorrencia, o principio de incerteza se expressa em que um estado de movimento se identifica somente quanto a calculabilidade estatistica ou da posicao, ou da grandeza do movimento. Apos a elaboracao do conceito existencial de ciencia, que ressalta o serai como ser-no-mundo a encontrar entes determinados como objetos pelo projeto previo da perspectiva cientifica, Heidegger posteriormente chega a conclusao de que a fisica quântica incorporando a fisica classica permanece imutavel no que concerne ao projeto previo da ciencia de sempre: a natureza se dispoe de antemao a um encontro ao modo de asseguramento proposto pelo existente humano numa realizacao cientifica em termos de teoria. A ciencia permanece apenas como um dos modos de acesso a natureza em sua plenitude inesgotavel, o que faz com que ela seja incontornavel e inacessivel com os recursos da cientificidade. A com-posicao e a essencia da tecnica utilizando resultados cientificos e, pela sua voragem, habilitando-se para a cooptacao definitiva do existente humano. Resta ao ser-ai a piedade de um pensamento indigente enquanto questionar a sua propria condicao de perigo no esquecimento da cooptacao de que pode ser vitima por propria decisao.%%%%The classical physical science distinguishes itself as a previous project, consisting of the fundamental concepts of elements such as calculation, time, space, motion, matter, force and directed to capture all the nature phenomena supposedly unified. Quantum mechanics advances beyond these postulates, evidencing the inevitable interference of the subject in the search results , in which a reference to an ontological theory with material objects should be able to capture for regularities calculation, it becomes impossible, leaving the core concepts and field for the previous innovative project. As a result, the uncertainty principle that is expressed in a state of motion is identified only as to the statistical calculation or position, or the magnitude of the movement. After the development the existential concept of science that emphasizes the being-there as being-in-the-world to find certain beings as objects by the previous project of the scientific perspective, Heidegger subsequently comes to the conclusion that quantum physics incorporating the classical physics keeps unchangeable in terms of the previous science project of all: the nature disposes in advance a way of securing the meeting proposed by the existing human…
Theoretical physics, Heidegger once said, “is the proper, pure technology.” To understand what he meant, we need to remember that he first presented “The Question Concerning Technology” in the form of a lecture delivered at a conference as part of a critical exchange with the theoretical physicist Werner Heisenberg. According to Heisenberg, quantum theory radically altered the image of nature informing classical physics. With the discovery of quantum indeterminacy, he maintained, “for the first time in the course of history man on earth faces only himself.” Heidegger insists, on the contrary, that modern physics constitutes no essential change in the metaphysical conception of nature that arose in the early modern age, namely the aspiration to a maximally correct mathematical representation and ordering or “enframing” of entities as a whole. In spite of its mathematical rigor and objective correctness, however, contemporary physics cannot grasp nature in all its intractable, inexhaustible complexity. Nature qua physis remains, he says, “uncanny.” To suppose that quantum theory represents not just our most fundamental knowledge of nature, but moreover an authentic encounter with ourselves, is to forget the mystery and obscurity essential to our primordial relation to being understood as physis .
The contemporary scientific and technological progress builds on the accomplishments of classical mechanics from the 19th century when the so-called 'European scientific method and values' were accepted practically by the whole educated world.Most scientific results and conclusions were reached based on the causal ontological approach proposed in principle already by Plato's Socrates and developed further by Aristotle.Despite the late-modern paradigm shift in science (Galilei, Newton, etc.), the topicality of the ontological approach proposed by Aristotle (II.Analytics) remains.On the other hand, 19th and 20th century philosophers, mainly positivists such as Mach and Avenarius but also Schlick and Carnap, attempted to change this approach to unify scientific knowledge in accordance with an ideological, i.e. positivist outlook on reality.The authors place a special emphasis on the contribution of Rudolf Carnap and his interaction with Martin Heidegger.Three very different theories are applied to physical reality in the present: classical mechanics in the standard macroscopic realm, Copenhagen quantum mechanics in the microscopic realm, and special theory of reality in both realms in the case of systems consisting of objects having higher velocity values.Any explanation or description of transitions between different realms and theories had not been provided until now.Our paper describes the corresponding evolution in the modern period and identifies the underlying false philosophical assumptions and statements existing in today's scientific systems.We will then demonstrate that one common theory for all realms of reality may exist; one that will be based fully on Hamilton equations (only the law
Aristotle was the first to notice that entity exists not only as real, but also as pos­sible. The Aristotelian concept of possibility has an insufficiently clear ontologi­cal sense. Aristotle does not ask about own Being of possibilities. For a classical thought it had no essential importance. In quantum physics the situation is differ­ent. Quantum possibilities have own action, so, it is necessary to recognize their own Being. However, it cannot be made within usual thinking, since quantum possibilities do not allow representation in terms of an entity present-at-hand. It sends us to Heidegger’s ideas. Classical philosophical thought does not notice an ontological difference between the “Being” and “Entity”; as a result “Being” is presented as “something”. Heidegger showed simplified nature of such ap­proach, however the natural sciences usually accept the specified identification. A surprising exception is the quantum mechanics. Having recognized own Being of quantum possibilities, we will see the attribute of Heidegger’s ontology. This “Being” is not “Something” and is designated by me as “Ψ-Being”. It possesses the internal temporality similar to existential time of Dasein. Also the difference between “Ψ-Being” and “Being” of Heidegger’s ontology is detected. The fact is that “Ψ-Being possesses action which is capable to change definiteness of quan­tum entity. It offers a heuristic prospect for philosophical ontology. According to Heidegger, Dasein is the existential Being of possibilities. However, these possibilities are not connected with personal definiteness. But the quantum me­chanics shows us that definiteness of “entity” (“something” or “who”) can change under the influence of “Being” that cannot be imagined in terms of “something”.
The origin of the universe and matter are topics on which science and philosophy have been questioning themselves for thousands of years and have not received a complete and exhaustive answer. The revolution brought about by quantum physics and astrophysics a hundred years ago produced a completely new vision of the universe, transforming the certainties postulated by classical physics into a probabilistic conception of natural phenomena. In searching for a unifying conception of matter and the universe, quantum mechanics has developed an impressive mass of knowledge and has deepened the investigation up to the most hidden levels of elementary particles and the most remote space, thanks to the most advanced technologies and with the help of artificial satellites. However, many aspects of cosmic immensity and life remain unexplored on earth and many questions remain unanswered. Starting from these uncertainties and doubts that feed other research, in this article I’m going to conduct a critical examination of the conception of matter and the origin of the universe as we describe quantum theory. Emphasizing above all the presumed role of protagonism and infallibility that this discipline claims to absolve with respect to all the others.
The more scientists learned about the atom, the less categorical became the questions they put to nature. The uncertainty relation is a strict law of nature, which is in no way related to some imperfections of our devices. The uncertainty relation is directly opposed to intuition and everyday experience. Heisenberg explained the matter by discarding still another idealization of classical physics — the concept of observation. It turned out that in quantum mechanics it had to be revised, along with the concept of motion. The concepts of “phenomenon”, “measurement”, and “observation” are closely related to one another but they are by no means identical. Any measurement is essentially interaction between the instrument and the object to be studied. The principle that Bohr named complementarity is one of the most fundamental philosophical and scientific ideas of our time, which can only be compared to the principle of relativity and the concept of a physical field.