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Emaranhamento de quatro modos de banda lateral em um processo de mistura de quatro ondas

Raul Leonardo Rincon Celis

Published Oct 25, 2022• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present a detailed characterization of the entanglement in a stimulated Fourwave mixing process. This process is widely studied by the homodyne detection, a technique insensitive to the details of the sideband modes of the involved beams. The emission profile of the FWM process in atomic media shows an imbalance in the amplification of the sidebands, which suggest an asymmetry in the entanglement of the generated states, that can not be observed by the homodyne detection. The stimulated FWM consists on a single frequency pump and a seed beam interacting with the hot rubidium atoms, generating a pair of entangled states, the probe and the conjugated. By the implementation of the resonantor detection, we revealed the hidden entanglement structure of the generated beams. We found that the usual characterization of the state through the homodyne detection is incomplete. On the contrary, the reconstruction of the covariance matrix from the resonant detection allows the full characterization of the quantum correlations and a more complete entanglement structure between the sideband frequency modes. Therefore, with the measurement using resonant detection over a Four-wave mixing process, we can demonstrate the advantage of the detection to reveal entanglement that would be hidden if the usual two-mode description is used.

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We present a detailed characterization of the entanglement in a stimulated Fourwave mixing process. This process is widely studied by the homodyne detection, a technique insensitive to the details of the sideband modes of the involved beams. The emission profile of the FWM process in atomic media shows an imbalance in the amplification of the sidebands, which suggest an asymmetry in the entanglement of the generated states, that can not be observed by the homodyne detection. The stimulated FWM consists on a single frequency pump and a seed beam interacting with the hot rubidium atoms, generating a pair of entangled states, the probe and the conjugated. By the implementation of the resonantor detection, we revealed the hidden entanglement structure of the generated beams. We found that the usual characterization of the state through the homodyne detection is incomplete. On the contrary, the reconstruction of the covariance matrix from the resonant detection allows the full characterization of the quantum correlations and a more complete entanglement structure between the sideband frequency modes. Therefore, with the measurement using resonant detection over a Four-wave mixing process, we can demonstrate the advantage of the detection to reveal entanglement that would be hidden if the usual two-mode description is used.
We present a detailed characterization of the entanglement in a stimulated Fourwave mixing process.This process is widely studied by the homodyne detection, a technique insensitive to the details of the sideband modes of the involved beams.The emission profile of the FWM process in atomic media shows an imbalance in the amplification of the sidebands, which suggest an asymmetry in the entanglement of the generated states, that can not be observed by the homodyne detection.The stimulated FWM consists on a single frequency pump and a seed beam interacting with the hot rubidium atoms, generating a pair of entangled states, the probe and the conjugated.By the implementation of the resonantor detection, we revealed the hidden entanglement structure of the generated beams.We found that the usual characterization of the state through the homodyne detection is incomplete.On the contrary, the reconstruction of the covariance matrix from the resonant detection allows the full characterization of the quantum correlations and a more complete entanglement structure between the sideband frequency modes.Therefore, with the measurement using resonant detection over a Four-wave mixing process, we can demonstrate the advantage of the detection to reveal entanglement that would be hidden if the usual two-mode description is used.
Proper characterization of quantum correlations in a multimode optical state is critical for applications in quantum information science; however, the most common entanglement measurements can lead to an incomplete state reconstruction. This is the case for the ubiquitous spectral measurement of field quadratures for which a full characterization of the quantum correlations between optical beams is not possible. We demonstrate this effect in twin beams generated through parametric amplification by four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor, showing the role of a frequency dependent gain response. We implement a resonator-based measurement that reveals entanglement between beams that is otherwise hidden by usual spectral measurements. Additionally, this system shows how the phase shifts between the carrier and the sidebands on the involved fields affect the observation of entanglement for different entanglement witnesses, demonstrating the relevance of making a complete state tomography.
A mistura de quatro ondas (4WM) é um processo não linear que permite a amplificação paramétrica de campos óticos. A partir de um campo de bombeio, podemos amplificar um campo de prova e gerar um campo conjugado neste processo com um elevado ganho. Recentemente, vários experimentos de 4WM foram realizados em células de rubídio revelando compressão de ruído e emaranhamento da luz [1, 2, 3], levando a aplicações interessantes na área de informação quântica. Estudamos a mistura de quatro ondas numa célula de vapor de rubídio dentro de uma cavidade ótica, servindo como um oscilador paramétrico ótico (OPO). Resolvemos o modelo de campo médio e estudamos as flutuações quânticas dos campos na operação acima do limiar de oscilação para os casos de ressonância dupla (prova e conjugado) e tripla. Mostramos o emaranhamento de três campos (bombeio, prova e conjugado), além de compressão de ruído para o campo de bombeio e para os campos convertidos. Nosso modelo permite estudar o caso de uma cavidade aberta, explorando a região próxima ao limiar, diferente da situação experimental observada para sistemas com não-linearidades (2), que geralmente possuem ganhos baixos e necessitam de cavidades fechadas. Palavras chave: ótica quântica, mistura de quatro ondas, Oscilador paramétrico ótico, emaranhamento. [1] Squeezed light and entangled images from four-wave-mixing in hot rubidium vapor, vol. 7092, 2008. [2] R. C. Pooser, A. M. Marino, V. Boyer, K. M. Jones, and P. D. Lett, Low-noise amplifi- cation of a continuous-variable quantum state, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 103, p. 010501, Jun 2009. [3] V. Boyer, A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, and P. D. Lett, Entangled images from four-wave mixing, Science, vol. 321, no. 5888, pp. 544547, 2008.
Proper characterization of quantum correlations in multimode optical quantum states is critical for applications in quantum information science. However, standard entanglement measurements can lead to incomplete state reconstruction and characterization. Here, we implement a resonator-based detection system that reveals entanglement between sideband modes of twin beams, achieving full tomography and retrieving often ignored quantum correlations. Unlike standard spectral measurements such as homodyne detection, resonator detection can independently address the sidebands of each beam, thereby accessing these hidden correlations. Additionally, we show how phase shifts between the carrier and the sideband modes of the involved fields redistribute information and modify the observation of entanglement for different witnesses. The ability of the resonant detection to independently address sideband modes of entangled states can contribute to enhancing the capacity for secure communication and quantum networking protocols.