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The European Physical Journal Plus

Metrology and correlation dynamics in a driven-dissipative cavity QED system accompanied with nonlinearities

Fahad Aljuaydi, Emad K. Jaradat, Atta Ur Rahman, A.-B.A. Mohamed

Published Jan 4, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-07204-0

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By exploiting the nonlinear nature of the Jaynes Cumming interaction, one can get photon population trapping in cavity-QED arrays. However, the unavoidable dissipative effects in a realistic system would destroy the self-trapped state by continuous photon leakage, and the self-trapping remains only as a temporary effect. To circumvent this issue, we aim to achieve an indefinitely long-lived self-trapped steady state rather than a localization with limited lifetime. We show that a careful engineering of drive, dissipation, and Hamiltonian results in achieving indefinitely sustained self-trapping. We show that the intricate interplay between drive, dissipation, and light-matter interaction results in requiring an optimal window of drive strengths in order to achieve such nontrivial steady states. We treat the two-cavity and four-cavity cases by using exact open quantum many-body calculations. Additionally, in the semiclassical limit we scale up the system to a long one-dimensional chain and demonstrate localized and delocalized steady-states in a driven-dissipative cavity-QED lattice. Although our analysis is performed by keeping cavity-QED systems in mind, our work is applicable to other driven-dissipative systems where nonlinearity plays a pivotal role.
We show how a driven-dissipative cavity coupled to a collective ensemble of atoms can dynamically generate metrologically useful spin-squeezed states. In contrast to other dissipative approaches, we do not rely on complex engineered dissipation or input states, nor do we require tuning the system to a critical point. Instead, we utilize a strong symmetry, a special type of symmetry that can occur in open quantum systems and emerges naturally in systems with collective dissipation, such as superradiance. This symmetry preserves coherence and allows for the accumulation of an atom number-dependent Berry phase which in turn creates spin-squeezed states via emergent one axis twisting dynamics. This work shows that it is possible to generate entanglement in an atom-cavity resonant regime with macroscopic optical excitations of the system, going beyond the typical dispersive regime with negligible optical excitations often utilized in current cavity-QED experiments.