Secure communication is becoming increasingly challenging as computational power grows, cyberattacks evolve, and traditional cryptographic methods show their limitations. Widely used public-key algorithms like RSA and ECC, which have protected digital communication for decades, are now vulnerable in the face of advancing quantum computing. Quantum algorithms such as Shor's algorithm can break these classical systems, posing a serious threat to data that needs long-term protection. This growing risk has led to the development of post-quantum cryptography, a new generation of algorithms designed to remain secure against both classical and quantum attacks. Among the different approaches, lattice-based cryptography stands out due to its strong security foundations and efficient performance. In this work, we implement a post-quantum cryptographic method using the CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm on Raspberry Pi devices. By using two Raspberry Pi modules to securely exchange keys and perform text encryption and decryption, the project demonstrates that quantum-resistant communication can be achieved even on low-cost embedded hardware.
Secure communication is becoming increasingly challenging as computational power grows, cyberattacks evolve, and traditional cryptographic methods show their limitations. Widely used public-key algorithms like RSA and ECC, which have protected digital communication for decades, are now vulnerable in the face of advancing quantum computing. Quantum algorithms such as Shor's algorithm can break these classical systems, posing a serious threat to data that needs long-term protection. This growing risk has led to the development of post-quantum cryptography, a new generation of algorithms designed to remain secure against both classical and quantum attacks. Among the different approaches, lattice-based cryptography stands out due to its strong security foundations and efficient performance. In this work, we implement a post-quantum cryptographic method using the CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm on Raspberry Pi devices. By using two Raspberry Pi modules to securely exchange keys and perform text encryption and decryption, the project demonstrates that quantum-resistant communication can be achieved even on low-cost embedded hardware.
The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses a critical threat to classical cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and ECC, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT) devices, where secure communication is essential but often constrained by limited computational resources. This paper investigates the feasibility of deploying post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms on resource-constrained devices. In particular, we implement three PQC algorithms -- BIKE, CRYSTALS-Kyber, and HQC -- on a lightweight IoT platform built with Raspberry Pi devices. Leveraging the Open Quantum Safe (\texttt{liboqs}) library in conjunction with \texttt{mbedTLS}, we develop quantum-secure key exchange protocols, and evaluate their performance in terms of computational overhead, memory usage, and energy consumption for quantum secure communication. Experimental results demonstrate that the integration of PQC algorithms on constrained hardware is practical, reinforcing the urgent need for quantum-resilient cryptographic frameworks in next-generation IoT devices. The implementation of this paper is available at https://iqsec-lab.github.io/PQC-IoT/.
The rapid progress of quantum computing is changing the assumptions on which many modern security systems are built. Public-key methods such as RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) remain dependable against conventional computers, yet their underlying mathematical problems can be solved efficiently by a sufficiently capable quantum computer using algorithms such as Shor's algorithm. This creates a practical need to evaluate cryptographic techniques that can continue to protect information in a post-quantum environment. This study compares representative classical algorithms - RSA, ECC, and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) - with post-quantum approaches, with particular attention to CRYSTALS-Kyber and CRYSTALS-Dilithium. The comparison considers security assumptions, key-generation cost, encryption and decryption time, key size, memory demand, and resistance to quantum attacks. The reported benchmark values indicate that RSA has the highest processing cost among the evaluated schemes, whereas CRYSTALS-Kyber provides comparatively fast key generation, encryption, and decryption while maintaining resistance to known quantum attacks. The study also discusses a hybrid migration model in which established classical mechanisms and post-quantum algorithms operate together during the transition period. Overall, the findings support a gradual move toward quantum-resistant communication systems while recognising the deployment and storage overhead introduced by larger post-quantum keys.
The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses a critical threat to classical cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and ECC, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT) devices, where secure communication is essential but often constrained by limited computational resources. This paper investigates the feasibility of deploying post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms on resource-constrained devices. In particular, we implement three PQC algorithms - BIKE, CRYSTALS-Kyber, and HQC - on a lightweight IoT platform built with Raspberry Pi devices. Leveraging the Open Quantum Safe (liboqs) library in conjunction with mbedTLS, we develop quantumsecure key exchange protocols, and evaluate their performance in terms of computational overhead, memory usage, and energy consumption for quantum secure communication. Experimental results demonstrate that the integration of PQC algorithms on constrained hardware is practical, reinforcing the urgent need for quantum-resilient cryptographic frameworks in next-generation IoT devices. The implementation of this paper is available at https://iqsec-lab.github.io/PQC-IoT/.
The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses a critical threat to classical cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and ECC, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT) devices, where secure communication is essential but often constrained by limited computational resources. This paper investigates the feasibility of deploying post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms on resource-constrained devices. In particular, we implement three PQC algorithms - BIKE, CRYSTALS-Kyber, and HQC - on a lightweight IoT platform built with Raspberry Pi devices. Leveraging the Open Quantum Safe (liboqs) library in conjunction with mbedTLS, we develop quantumsecure key exchange protocols, and evaluate their performance in terms of computational overhead, memory usage, and energy consumption for quantum secure communication. Experimental results demonstrate that the integration of PQC algorithms on constrained hardware is practical, reinforcing the urgent need for quantum-resilient cryptographic frameworks in next-generation IoT devices. The implementation of this paper is available at https://iqsec-lab.github.io/PQC-IoT/.
Quantum computing poses a serious threat to traditional cryptography, with algorithms like RSA and ECC being vulnerable to attacks such as Shor’s algorithm. To address this, we propose a Post-Quantum Secure Chat Application using lattice-based cryptography, specifically CRYSTALS-Kyber for key exchange and CRYSTALS-Dilithium for digital signatures. The system provides end-to-end encryption with forward secrecy, ensuring message confidentiality, authenticity, and integrity. Mathematical formulations of key encapsulation, encryption, and signature verification are presented, alongside performance benchmarks. Experimental results show that the application achieves practical latency and throughput on real devices while resisting quantum attacks. This work demonstrates that integrating post-quantum algorithms into messaging platforms is both feasible and essential for secure future communication.
Quantum computing threatens current public-key cryptographic systems, necessitating a transition to quantum-resistant alternatives. This paper analyzes how Shor's algorithm enables quantum computers to efficiently break RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography by solving their underlying mathematical problems, demonstrating these systems cannot be salvaged through parameter increases. We evaluate lattice-based cryptography as a post-quantum solution, examining its foundation on high-dimensional lattice problems such as the Shortest Vector Problem and Learning With Errors. Through analysis of NIST-standardized algorithms CRYSTALS-Kyber and CRYSTALS-Dilithium, we assess the security assumptions, computational efficiency, and implementation considerations of lattice-based schemes. Our findings reveal that while quantum computing poses an existential threat to current cryptographic infrastructure, lattice-based cryptography provides a viable quantum-resistant alternative with strong security guarantees and practical performance characteristics.