Hybrid Post-Quantum Cryptographic Approaches for Secure Communication

Xenia Bogomolec, J. Gerhard

S. Nikhil Kumar, Devesree R, P. Lokesh +3 more

This survey analyzes hybrid cryptographic frameworks that combine classical public-key cryptography with post-quantum cryptographic techniques. The paper reviews recent research on hybrid implementations across secure communication systems, blockchain platforms, and protocol-level integrations. The study evaluates security properties, performance overhead, and deployment feasibility, and proposes a structured evaluation framework for hybrid post-quantum migration strategies.

Nikhil S, Devesree R, Lokesh P +1 more

This record contains the full-text survey paper titled “A Survey on Hybrid Cryptographic Frameworks Combining Post-Quantum and Classical Techniques.” The paper systematically reviews hybrid cryptographic frameworks that combine classical public-key techniques with NIST-standardized post-quantum cryptographic primitives such as CRYSTALS-Kyber and Dilithium. It analyzes representative studies across secure communication protocols, blockchain systems, and performance benchmarking to evaluate security, efficiency, and deployment feasibility. The survey highlights hybrid cryptography as a practical migration strategy against the “Harvest Now, Decrypt Later” threat, discusses key trade-offs, and identifies open research challenges for real-world post-quantum adoption.

Bo‐Yin Yang

Funmi Eko Ezeh, Stephanie Onyekachi Oparah, Pamela Gado +2 more

As the advent of quantum computing threatens traditional cryptographic protocols, hybrid classical-quantum secure communication infrastructures have emerged as a critical frontier in cybersecurity. This paper explores the integration of post-quantum cryptographic algorithms—specifically CRYSTALS-Kyber for key encapsulation and CRYSTALS-Dilithium for digital signatures—into hybrid communication architectures designed to resist quantum-level attacks. Leveraging lattice-based cryptographic primitives, both algorithms have been selected for standardization by NIST due to their robust security and performance characteristics. This study evaluates their implementation in real-world communication stacks, assesses latency and throughput under hybrid channel configurations, and proposes a layered security architecture combining classical and quantum-resilient mechanisms. Furthermore, it examines key management, digital trust, and infrastructure scalability in a post-quantum context. Simulation results and hardware-based validations are used to determine practical deployment feasibility in critical sectors such as finance, defense, and healthcare. The findings offer a comprehensive framework for securing data in transitional computing eras, ensuring forward secrecy, and maintaining operational integrity against future adversarial quantum threats.