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Disseny i construcció de superxarxes òptiques per a un experiment de gasos quàntics.

Sastre Pellicer, Jordi

Published Oct 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In recent years ultracold atomic gases have emerged as a new and promising platform for exploring the physics of quantum many-body systems, allowing researchers to revisit fundamental problems of condensed-matter physics such as superconductivity or magnetism. By trapping ultracold atoms in the periodic potential created by interfering laser beams (a so-called optical lattice), it has indeed become possible to engineer very clean ?materials? whose parameters can be tuned in a wide range. This bottom-up approach comes very close to Feynman?s idea of a ?quantum simulator?, an

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In recent years ultracold atomic gases have emerged as a new and promising platform for exploring the physics of quantum many-body systems, allowing researchers to revisit fundamental problems of condensed-matter physics such as superconductivity or magnetism. By trapping ultracold atoms in the periodic potential created by interfering laser beams (a so-called optical lattice), it has indeed become possible to engineer very clean ?materials? whose parameters can be tuned in a wide range. This bottom-up approach comes very close to Feynman?s idea of a ?quantum simulator?, an
In recent years ultracold atomic gases have emerged as a new and promising platform for exploring the physics of quantum many-body systems, allowing researchers to revisit fundamental problems of condensed-matter physics such as superconductivity or magnetism. By trapping ultracold atoms in the periodic potential created by interfering laser beams (a so-called optical lattice), it has indeed become possible to engineer very clean ?materials? whose parameters can be tuned in a wide range. This bottom-up approach comes very close to Feynman?s idea of a ?quantum simulator?, an
“Quantum Simulators”, as originally envisaged by Richard Feynman are highly controllable and specially engineered many‐body systems that have the potential to shed new light on open questions in condensed matter physics, high‐energy and nuclear physics. They are currently set‐up and explored in a diverse range of quantum systems ranging from ultracold quantum gases, over trapped ions and photonic systems, to superconducting and semiconductor devices. Image: The mathematical description of a phenomenon to be investigated is programmed using a series of laser pulses to perform a quantum calculation with atoms (credit: H. Ritsch).
Summary form only given. Over the past years, ultracold quantum gases have offered remarkable opportunities to investigate quantum matter through new probing techniques and in previously unexplored regimes. They can in fact be seen as one of the first realizations of Richard Feynman's visionary concept of a quantum simulator offering far-reaching possibilities to engineer new phases of matter.In my talk, I will give an overview over some of the recent scientific highlights in the field. For example, I will explain how atoms can be imaged in optical lattices with single-site and single-atom resolution thereby allowing one to obtain single snapshots of a quantum many-body systems, where every individual atom of the system can be detected. Such high-resolution imaging has enabled our group to directly probe quantum fluctuations and reveal hidden order in a many-body setting. Having such high resolution at hand, it has also been possible to address and coherently control individual atoms, thereby allowing one to realize single atom impurities that can be tracked in a time resolved way during their propagation through a complex correlated quantum system. By making use of adiabatic state evolution in quantum mechanics or laser induced hopping in optical lattices, it has now also become possible to realize artificial magnetic fields for neutral particles. The field strengths that can be achieved for such systems can by far surpass even the strongest fields from the most powerful magnets on earth and allow one to probe quantum matter under the most extreme conditions.
Ultra-cold atoms systems used as quantum simulators offer an alternative way to simulate many-body systemsbehaviour in condensed matter. Indeed, we can create artificial matter with optical lattices : the stationnarywave reproduces the potential wells in the crystalline structure. Moreover, the big advantage of using coldatoms is that the parameters of the simulated crystal can be well controlled so that we can understand theelectrical and magnetism properties of the condensed matter such as conductivity, ferromagnetism ...Thecommon approach for generating optical lattices is interfering two laser beams in one dimension. And in the newongoing project, we are going to produce lattices by irradiating a nanostructure gold layer, which can realizesub-wavelength optical lattices due to the surface plasmon resonance and Casimir-Polder effects.
Ultra-cold atoms systems used as quantum simulators offer an alternative way to simulate many-body systemsbehaviour in condensed matter. Indeed, we can create artifcial matter with optical lattices : the stationnarywave reproduces the potential wells in the crystalline structure. Moreover, the big advantage of using coldatoms is that the parameters of the simulated crystal can be well controlled so that we can understand theelectrical and magnetism properties of the condensed matter such as conductivity, ferromagnetism ...Thecommon approach for generating optical lattices is interfering two laser beams in one dimension. And in the newongoing project, we are going to produce lattices by irradiating a nanostructure gold layer, which can realizesub-wavelength optical lattices due to the surface plasmon resonance and Casimir-Polder effects.
Among of the ultimate goals of modern science is the understanding of emergent complex properties of matter in the strongly interacting regime from simple constituents and their interactions. This understanding can lead towards the development of new materials and devices with novel functionalities both at the level of basic research and for numerous technological applications. Richard Feynman’s pioneering ideas of quantum simulation [1] constitute a promising path to reach such goals. A major push to implement them has been possible thanks to advances in cooling and trapping atoms in optical lattices [2]. These systems are not only a defect-free replica of electrons in crystalline lattices but, in addition satisfy the requirement of full controllability.