Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Autonomously Self-Tuning Floquet Cat Qubit via Dynamic Spiral-Phase Drive in a 900-Site Rydberg Array

Cinque McFarlane - Blake

Published Nov 27, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Large-scale mean-field simulations of a 30×30 Rydberg-dressed atom array under a \textbf{single global drive with dynamically modulated spiral phase} reveal autonomous self-organization into an extremely rigid Floquet cat state. The drive phase pattern $\theta(r,\phi,t)$ contains a weak base spiral ($\theta_{\max}{=} \pi/512$) plus quasi-periodic angular frequency modulation $\omega_{\text{ang}}(t)$ with incommensurate components at $2\pi/P_1$ and $4\pi/P_2$. Global phase coherence rises from 0.37 to $>0.999$ within $\sim$600 periods, survives a large transient excursion near period 1700, and then locks above 0.999 for the final 4507+ cycles (total simulation: 5000 periods). The final coherence distribution (period $>1000$) has mean 0.99560 and $\sigma{=}8.07{\times}10^{-3}$. The attractor consists of two degenerate periodic orbits separated by a global $\pi$ phase shift, defining a logical cat qubit. A single global $\pi$-pulse implements logical-$X$ with fidelity $>0.9999$ in the locked regime. No individual addressing, feedback electronics, or mid-circuit measurement is used — the self-tuning emerges purely from many-body Floquet dynamics.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.17742006

Related papers

A Clean 2D Floquet Logical Qubit From a Purely Imaginary Phase Drive

Cinque McFarlane - Blake

I present a disorder-free, two-dimensional Floquet stabilization mechanism that maintains a clean periodic orbit for more than$\mathbf{5 0 0 0}$cycles on a$30 \times 30$square lattice. The drive consists of a global transverse field and a purely imaginary nearest-neighbor interaction with a slow spiral phase profile of maximum amplitude$\pi / 512$. Mean-field product-state simulations (size 1800, fourth-order Runge-Kutta, 200 steps per period) show that this imaginary phase twist passively suppresses Floquet heating for thousands of periods without disorder, feedback, or long-range couplings. A hardware test on a$3 \times 3$patch of an IBM superconducting device ($\mathbf{5 0}$periods, approximately 106physical gates) produced no detectable subharmonic response, consistent with the expected sensitivity of the mechanism to global coherence and the destructive effect of individual addressing. To verify that the stabilized orbit encodes an effective logical manifold, I applied a global logical-$X$operation across three qualitatively distinct initial states (polarized, Néel, and random). In all cases the sign of the logical magnetization$Z_{L}$inverts while the magnitude remains small ($\sim 10^{-3}$), indicating that the operation acts as a symmetry of the Floquet orbit rather than a state-preparation artifact. The resulting drive maps directly to a single global radio-frequency field plus a static magneticfield gradient on current two-dimensional trapped-ion platforms, suggesting a route toward robust low-frequency logical qubits and potential applications in isotope- or chirality-selective sensing.

International Conference on Quantum Communications, Networking, and Computing (QCNC)•Apr 6, 2026•0 citations

Self-Organized Directional Flow Channels in a Floquet-Driven 2D Neutral-Atom Quantum Fluid

Cinque McFarlane - Blake

Driven--dissipative quantum fluids in two dimensions typically decohere rapidly. We report a new dynamical regime in which a Floquet-driven 2D quantum fluid with weak Rydberg-dressing feedback self-organizes into long-lived directional \emph{transport corridors}. These channels form in a sharply bounded region of nonlocality, warp coupling, and Floquet twist. Corridor states exhibit coherence dip--recovery, spectral sharpening, persistent drift, and global Rydberg participation. We map the model to implementable neutral-atom tweezer experiments and propose a routing protocol for experimental verification. We further derive a continuum-limit description and a minimal reduced model capturing the essential attractor structure. These results identify a new class of nonlinear coherent transport modes in driven quantum matter.

•Dec 1, 2025•0 citations

Emergent Coherent Transport and Synthetic Geometry in Simulated Floquet-Driven Rydberg Arrays via Vacuum--Photonic Quasienergy Channels

Cinque McFarlane - Blake

We simulate periodically driven Rydberg arrays with purely imaginary-phase driving, showing that it reshapes both internal dynamics and the structure of coupled vacuum fluctuations. In a driven Rydberg array, this interplay produces\emph{hybrid vacuum--photonic quasienergy channels}---coherent,directional modes arising from Floquet-induced modulation of theelectromagnetic local density of states (LDOS). These channels enable a coherent mapping of correlation structure far beyond the nominal dipolar range andexhibit stability characteristic of attractor-like Floquet fixed points. Using a microscopic Hamiltonian with spatiotemporally structureddipole--vacuum coupling, we derive a Floquet--Magnus expression for theeffective LDOS:\[\rho_{\rm eff}(\omega)=\sum_m J_m^2(A)\,\rho_0(\omega+m\Omega),\]revealing how the drive imprints anisotropic vacuum structure.Large-scale open-system simulations confirm that this LDOS reshapingproduces long-lived, quasienergy-resolved photonic corridors, alongwhich correlation fronts propagate with direction-dependent velocities. We further show that the system's long-time behavior is well describedby an \emph{effective geometric picture}: anisotropic correlationfronts define a synthetic light cone, LDOS-induced anisotropies definean emergent spatial metric, and wavepacket bundle separation obeys ageodesic-deviation-like equation whose curvature is determined directlyfrom simulated trajectories over thousands of drive periods. We conclude with a speculative perspective: if driven matter can imprintstable geometric structure onto the vacuum LDOS, then controlled analogspacetime engineering---without material waveguides or externalphotonic scaffolds---may be achievable.

•Feb 6, 2026•0 citations

Harmonic Control of Dynamical Freezing in Programmable Rydberg Atom Arrays

Madhumita Sarkar, Ben Zindorf, Bhaskar Mukherjee +2 more

Periodic driving enables the engineering of complex quantum matter, yet in interacting systems it generically leads to energy absorption, which limits the lifetime of the engineered states. To address this challenge, dynamical freezing has been proposed as a mechanism for stabilizing non-equilibrium states over parametrically long timescales. While theory predicts robust freezing under simplifying assumptions, realistic platforms inevitably include additional interaction processes that alter its stability. Here, we report the experimental observation of dynamical freezing in programmable Rydberg atom arrays of up to 100 atoms in one and two dimensions. We find that while single-frequency driving produces pronounced suppression of excitation dynamics, the freezing behavior is restricted to a narrow parameter regime due to interaction-induced heating channels present in realistic simulators. Using a perturbative Floquet analysis of the fully interacting atomic system, we identify the dominant microscopic heating processes responsible for this destabilization. Leveraging this understanding, we design a dual-parameter modulation of detuning and Rabi frequency that coherently cancels these absorption pathways and substantially broadens the freezing regime, making it also robust across different geometries. Our results reveal how heating processes shape the stability of dynamical freezing in interacting Floquet systems and demonstrates a route to control driven many-body dynamics in realistic experimental platforms.

quant-pharXiv:2511.09633•Nov 14, 2025•0 citations

Collapse and revival of quantum many-body scars via Floquet engineering

Bhaskar Mukherjee, Sourav Nandy, Arnab Sen +2 more

The presence of quantum scars, athermal eigenstates of a many-body Hamiltonian with finite-energy density, leads to an absence of ergodicity and long-time coherent dynamics starting from initial states that have a high overlap with scars as experimentally observed in a chain of ultracold Rydberg atoms. We show, via study of a periodically driven Rydberg chain, that the drive frequency acts as a tuning parameter for several reentrant transitions between ergodic and weak ergodicity breaking regimes. The former regime shows rapid thermalization of correlation functions and absence of scars in the Floquet spectrum of the system. The latter regime, in contrast, has scars; they lead to long-time coherent dynamics of correlation functions. We provide an analytical explanation of the existence of these regimes by going beyond a high-frequency Magnus expansion and using a novel perturbative approach valid at large drive amplitudes to derive a Floquet Hamiltonian which qualitatively explains the behavior of the driven system at arbitrary frequencies. We also discuss experiments involving finite Rydberg chains which can validate our theory. Our results demonstrate the possibility of drive-frequency-induced tuning between ergodic and weak ergodicity breaking dynamics in a disorder-free quantum many-body system.

arXiv:1907.08212•Physical review. B./Physical review. B•Jun 1, 2020•145 citations

A Floquet-Rydberg quantum simulator for confinement in $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theories

Enrico C. Domanti, Dario Zappalà, A. Bermúdez +1 more

Recent advances in the field of quantum technologies have opened up the road for the realization of small-scale quantum simulators of lattice gauge theories which, among other goals, aim at improving our understanding on the non-perturbative mechanisms underlying the confinement of quarks. In this work, considering periodically-driven arrays of Rydberg atoms in a tweezer ladder geometry, we devise a scalable Floquet scheme for the quantum simulation of the real-time dynamics in a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGT. Resorting to an external magnetic field to tune the angular dependence of the Rydberg dipolar interactions, and by a suitable tuning of the driving parameters, we manage to suppress the main gauge-violating terms, and show that an observation of gauge-invariant confinement dynamics in the Floquet-Rydberg setup is at reach of current experimental techniques. Depending on the lattice size, we present a thorough numerical test of the validity of this scheme using either exact diagonalization or matrix-product-state algorithms for the periodically-modulated real-time dynamics.

arXiv:2311.16758•Nov 28, 2023•0 citations
Large-scale mean-field simulations of a 30×30 Rydberg-dressed atom array under a \textbf{single global drive with dynamically modulated spiral phase} reveal autonomous self-organization into an extremely rigid Floquet cat state. The drive phase pattern θ(r,ϕ,t)\theta(r,\phi,t)θ(r,ϕ,t) contains a weak base spiral (θmax⁡=π/512\theta_{\max}{=} \pi/512θmax​=π/512) plus quasi-periodic angular frequency modulation ωang(t)\omega_{\text{ang}}(t)ωang​(t) with incommensurate components at 2π/P12\pi/P_12π/P1​ and 4π/P24\pi/P_24π/P2​. Global phase coherence rises from 0.37 to >0.999>0.999>0.999 within ∼\sim∼600 periods, survives a large transient excursion near period 1700, and then locks above 0.999 for the final 4507+ cycles (total simulation: 5000 periods). The final coherence distribution (period >1000>1000>1000) has mean 0.99560 and σ=8.07×10−3\sigma{=}8.07{\times}10^{-3}σ=8.07×10−3. The attractor consists of two degenerate periodic orbits separated by a global π\piπ phase shift, defining a logical cat qubit. A single global π\piπ-pulse implements logical-XXX with fidelity >0.9999>0.9999>0.9999 in the locked regime. No individual addressing, feedback electronics, or mid-circuit measurement is used — the self-tuning emerges purely from many-body Floquet dynamics.
I present a disorder-free, two-dimensional Floquet stabilization mechanism that maintains a clean periodic orbit for more than5000\mathbf{5 0 0 0}5000cycles on a30×3030 \times 3030×30square lattice. The drive consists of a global transverse field and a purely imaginary nearest-neighbor interaction with a slow spiral phase profile of maximum amplitudeπ/512\pi / 512π/512. Mean-field product-state simulations (size 1800, fourth-order Runge-Kutta, 200 steps per period) show that this imaginary phase twist passively suppresses Floquet heating for thousands of periods without disorder, feedback, or long-range couplings. A hardware test on a3×33 \times 33×3patch of an IBM superconducting device (50\mathbf{5 0}50periods, approximately 106physical gates) produced no detectable subharmonic response, consistent with the expected sensitivity of the mechanism to global coherence and the destructive effect of individual addressing. To verify that the stabilized orbit encodes an effective logical manifold, I applied a global logical-XXXoperation across three qualitatively distinct initial states (polarized, Néel, and random). In all cases the sign of the logical magnetizationZLZ_{L}ZL​inverts while the magnitude remains small (∼10−3\sim 10^{-3}∼10−3), indicating that the operation acts as a symmetry of the Floquet orbit rather than a state-preparation artifact. The resulting drive maps directly to a single global radio-frequency field plus a static magneticfield gradient on current two-dimensional trapped-ion platforms, suggesting a route toward robust low-frequency logical qubits and potential applications in isotope- or chirality-selective sensing.
Driven--dissipative quantum fluids in two dimensions typically decohere rapidly. We report a new dynamical regime in which a Floquet-driven 2D quantum fluid with weak Rydberg-dressing feedback self-organizes into long-lived directional \emph{transport corridors}. These channels form in a sharply bounded region of nonlocality, warp coupling, and Floquet twist. Corridor states exhibit coherence dip--recovery, spectral sharpening, persistent drift, and global Rydberg participation. We map the model to implementable neutral-atom tweezer experiments and propose a routing protocol for experimental verification. We further derive a continuum-limit description and a minimal reduced model capturing the essential attractor structure. These results identify a new class of nonlinear coherent transport modes in driven quantum matter.
We simulate periodically driven Rydberg arrays with purely imaginary-phase driving, showing that it reshapes both internal dynamics and the structure of coupled vacuum fluctuations. In a driven Rydberg array, this interplay produces\emph{hybrid vacuum--photonic quasienergy channels}---coherent,directional modes arising from Floquet-induced modulation of theelectromagnetic local density of states (LDOS). These channels enable a coherent mapping of correlation structure far beyond the nominal dipolar range andexhibit stability characteristic of attractor-like Floquet fixed points. Using a microscopic Hamiltonian with spatiotemporally structureddipole--vacuum coupling, we derive a Floquet--Magnus expression for theeffective LDOS:ρeff(ω)=∑mJm2(A) ρ0(ω+mΩ),\rho_{\rm eff}(\omega)=\sum_m J_m^2(A)\,\rho_0(\omega+m\Omega),ρeff​(ω)=∑m​Jm2​(A)ρ0​(ω+mΩ),revealing how the drive imprints anisotropic vacuum structure.Large-scale open-system simulations confirm that this LDOS reshapingproduces long-lived, quasienergy-resolved photonic corridors, alongwhich correlation fronts propagate with direction-dependent velocities. We further show that the system's long-time behavior is well describedby an \emph{effective geometric picture}: anisotropic correlationfronts define a synthetic light cone, LDOS-induced anisotropies definean emergent spatial metric, and wavepacket bundle separation obeys ageodesic-deviation-like equation whose curvature is determined directlyfrom simulated trajectories over thousands of drive periods. We conclude with a speculative perspective: if driven matter can imprintstable geometric structure onto the vacuum LDOS, then controlled analogspacetime engineering---without material waveguides or externalphotonic scaffolds---may be achievable.
Periodic driving enables the engineering of complex quantum matter, yet in interacting systems it generically leads to energy absorption, which limits the lifetime of the engineered states. To address this challenge, dynamical freezing has been proposed as a mechanism for stabilizing non-equilibrium states over parametrically long timescales. While theory predicts robust freezing under simplifying assumptions, realistic platforms inevitably include additional interaction processes that alter its stability. Here, we report the experimental observation of dynamical freezing in programmable Rydberg atom arrays of up to 100 atoms in one and two dimensions. We find that while single-frequency driving produces pronounced suppression of excitation dynamics, the freezing behavior is restricted to a narrow parameter regime due to interaction-induced heating channels present in realistic simulators. Using a perturbative Floquet analysis of the fully interacting atomic system, we identify the dominant microscopic heating processes responsible for this destabilization. Leveraging this understanding, we design a dual-parameter modulation of detuning and Rabi frequency that coherently cancels these absorption pathways and substantially broadens the freezing regime, making it also robust across different geometries. Our results reveal how heating processes shape the stability of dynamical freezing in interacting Floquet systems and demonstrates a route to control driven many-body dynamics in realistic experimental platforms.
The presence of quantum scars, athermal eigenstates of a many-body Hamiltonian with finite-energy density, leads to an absence of ergodicity and long-time coherent dynamics starting from initial states that have a high overlap with scars as experimentally observed in a chain of ultracold Rydberg atoms. We show, via study of a periodically driven Rydberg chain, that the drive frequency acts as a tuning parameter for several reentrant transitions between ergodic and weak ergodicity breaking regimes. The former regime shows rapid thermalization of correlation functions and absence of scars in the Floquet spectrum of the system. The latter regime, in contrast, has scars; they lead to long-time coherent dynamics of correlation functions. We provide an analytical explanation of the existence of these regimes by going beyond a high-frequency Magnus expansion and using a novel perturbative approach valid at large drive amplitudes to derive a Floquet Hamiltonian which qualitatively explains the behavior of the driven system at arbitrary frequencies. We also discuss experiments involving finite Rydberg chains which can validate our theory. Our results demonstrate the possibility of drive-frequency-induced tuning between ergodic and weak ergodicity breaking dynamics in a disorder-free quantum many-body system.
A Floquet-Rydberg quantum simulator for confinement in Z2\mathbb{Z}_2Z2​ gauge theories
Recent advances in the field of quantum technologies have opened up the road for the realization of small-scale quantum simulators of lattice gauge theories which, among other goals, aim at improving our understanding on the non-perturbative mechanisms underlying the confinement of quarks. In this work, considering periodically-driven arrays of Rydberg atoms in a tweezer ladder geometry, we devise a scalable Floquet scheme for the quantum simulation of the real-time dynamics in a Z2\mathbb{Z}_2Z2​ LGT. Resorting to an external magnetic field to tune the angular dependence of the Rydberg dipolar interactions, and by a suitable tuning of the driving parameters, we manage to suppress the main gauge-violating terms, and show that an observation of gauge-invariant confinement dynamics in the Floquet-Rydberg setup is at reach of current experimental techniques. Depending on the lattice size, we present a thorough numerical test of the validity of this scheme using either exact diagonalization or matrix-product-state algorithms for the periodically-modulated real-time dynamics.