This paper explores the issue of the unification of three languages of physics, the geometric language of forces, geometric language of fields or 4-dimensional space-time, and probabilistic language of quantum mechanics. On the one hand, equations in each language may be derived from the Principle of Least Action (PLA). On the other hand, Feynman's path integral method could explain the physical meaning of PLA. The axioms of classical and relativistic mechanics can be considered as consequences of Feynman's formulation of quantum mechanics.
摘 要:信息不对称是现代经济学解释市场失灵、契约设计、金融摩擦、逆向选择与道德风险的核心理论基石。经典信息不对称模型建立在知识离散二分、状态确定唯一、概率经典可加、信息静态外生与观测中立的经典世界观之上,将信息差异定义为“知道”与“不知道”的二元鸿沟,无法刻画现实中普遍存在的信念模糊、预期叠加、信息干涉、信心差异与观测改变信息结构等深层信息特征。本文严格立足于经济主体信息处理的本体逻辑,规避物理隐喻类比,引入量子叠加、量子相干、观测坍缩与量子信息熵构造公理体系,对经典信息不对称理论进行范式升级,构建一般性的量子信息不对称理论(Quantum Information Asymmetry,QIA)。本文严格证明,经典信息不对称是量子信息不对称在无叠加、无相干、无信念冲突与观测中立条件下的退化特例;通过推导量子信息不对称的数学结构、测度公式与均衡特征,系统阐释信息叠加、信念相干、观测坍缩与熵差演化四大微观作用机制。结合信贷市场、股票市场、委托—代理关系与政策传导等典型场景开展数值模拟分析,结果表明:量子信息不对称能够统一刻画信念混乱度差异、预期干涉效应、信息透明度内生与观测驱动信息跃迁等经典理论难以系统容纳的信息结构。本研究完善了信息经济学的基础公理体系,为契约理论、金融中介、公司治理、市场监管与宏观政策传导提供全新的基础性分析范式。 关键词:量子信息不对称;逆向选择;道德风险;信念叠加;观测坍缩;契约理论
We present a complete, mathematically rigorous formulation of the Information Geometry Unification Principle (IGUP). Starting from three fundamental axioms establishing quantum information as the primary ontological substrate, we construct the Bures–Fisher–Rao metric on the manifold of density matrices, derive covariant derivatives, curvature tensors, and the universal information action. We perform full variational derivations for both the quantum state ρ and the information metric gμν, obtaining closed-form unified field equations that govern quantum dynamics, thermodynamics, and gravitational geometry. We show explicitly how the Schrödinger, Liouville, Boltzmann, and Einstein equations arise as limiting cases. This paper constitutes the foundational core of a complete theory of physics based on the identification of geometry with information.
Principle of ``Superrelativity'' has been proposed in order to avoid the contradiction between principle of relativity and foundations of quantum theory. Solutions of a newly derived non-linear Klein-Gordon equation presumably may be treated as primordial nonlocal elements of quantum theory. It is shown that in the framework of CP(N-1) model supplementary elements which are non-local in spacetime but local in the projective Hilbert space permit us to avoid at least one of the main difficulties of quantum theory-the necessity to relate the ``reality'' of a quantum state with a measuring process. In the framework of superrelativity the geometry of the projective Hilbert space (Fubini-Study metric and connection) together with the non-linear wave equation are full and closed quantum scheme.