This work introduces a complete framework for Geometric Entanglement Networks (GEN): distributed quantum architectures in which nonlocal entanglement between distant nodes is generated, stabilized, and routed through geometric modes of a Unif ied Effective Average Action (UEAA). Unlike standard approaches based on physical interaction, photon exchange, or entanglement swapping, GEN employs bilocal kernels constrained by a geometric exclusion principle (GEP) to activate nonlocal correlations between remote optical nodes. Recent experimental demonstrations of entanglement without interaction (Wang et al., 2024; Krenn et al., 2017) provide empirical foundations for this mechanism. The paper generalizes previous UEAA models to full networks, derives the entanglement-curvature matrix governing global correlations, and shows that network-wide entanglement can be engineered purely through geometric overlap of path-identity modes. The resulting network operations—entanglement routing, multi-node Bell generation, geometric GHZ preparation, and repeaterless longdistance entanglement—arise naturally from UEAA kernels and require neither shared sources nor quantum memories. GEN thus provides a scalable, resource-efficient framework for distributed quantum computing, long-distance quantum communication, and photonic cluster-state generation
This work introduces a complete framework for Geometric Entanglement Networks (GEN): distributed quantum architectures in which nonlocal entanglement between distant nodes is generated, stabilized, and routed through geometric modes of a Unif ied Effective Average Action (UEAA). Unlike standard approaches based on physical interaction, photon exchange, or entanglement swapping, GEN employs bilocal kernels constrained by a geometric exclusion principle (GEP) to activate nonlocal correlations between remote optical nodes. Recent experimental demonstrations of entanglement without interaction (Wang et al., 2024; Krenn et al., 2017) provide empirical foundations for this mechanism. The paper generalizes previous UEAA models to full networks, derives the entanglement-curvature matrix governing global correlations, and shows that network-wide entanglement can be engineered purely through geometric overlap of path-identity modes. The resulting network operations—entanglement routing, multi-node Bell generation, geometric GHZ preparation, and repeaterless longdistance entanglement—arise naturally from UEAA kernels and require neither shared sources nor quantum memories. GEN thus provides a scalable, resource-efficient framework for distributed quantum computing, long-distance quantum communication, and photonic cluster-state generation
Recent experiments have demonstrated that two distant photons can become entangled even when they originate from independent sources and never interact nor share a traditional Bell-state measurement. This class of experiments—known as entanglement by path identity (Wang et al., 2024; Krenn et al., 2017)—reveals a mode of entanglement generation fundamentally different from the usual interactionbased or measurement-induced protocols. This work develops a fully geometric formulation of such effects using a Unified Effective Average Action (UEAA), originally introduced in the context of the Integrated Geometric Model with Renormalization Group (IGM–RG). The UEAA provides a natural language to describe optical modes, path indistinguishability, and nonlocal correlations via a bilocal kernel constrained by a geometric exclusion principle (GEP). The paper constructs a minimal UEAA for two remote optical modes, derives an entanglement curvature scalar from the bilocal kernel, and shows that this curvature is a monotonic entanglement measure equivalent to concurrence in the single-excitation subspace. As a consequence, the path-identity experiments are interpreted as the activation of a geometric mode of the quantum state, rather than as a mysterious 1nonlocal interaction. This formalism suggests a new paradigm of geometric quantum computing, where entangling gates are implemented through global geometric constraints rather than physical interaction. The results unify quantum optics, quantum information, and geometric field theory within a single effective-action framework and open a pathway toward novel architectures for distributed quantum networks.
This work introduces a new paradigm for quantum computation, here termed Geometric Quantum Computing (GQC), in which entangling gates arise not from local physical interactions but from global geometric modes encoded in a Unified Effective Average Action (UEAA). Building on recent optical experiments demonstrating entanglement without interaction—notably the path-identity schemes of Krenn et al. (2017) and Wang et al. (2024)—the paper shows that such processes are naturally described by a bilocal kernel in the UEAA, activated by geometric constraints rather than Hamiltonian coupling. A scalar quantity termed entanglement curvature is derived from the bilocal kernel and shown to be equivalent to concurrence in the single-photon subspace. This suggests a method for designing quantum processors in which entanglement is generated through engineered geometric overlap of mode functions, potentially reducing resource requirements for distributed quantum networks. The framework extends techniques from the IGM–RG program (Medina Albarenga, 2025) to quantum information science and offers a unified geometric viewpoint on entanglement generation, error mechanisms, and network architecture.
Abstract: Quantum entanglement and Bell inequality violation are regarded as the most iconic non-classical phenomena in quantum mechanics, yet their physical origin remains mysterious. Within Space Ontology, we demonstrate that the nonlocal correlations between an EPR pair are not due to "spooky action at a distance," but are a natural manifestation of the intrinsic geometric correlations between two identical spatial modes generated by the same disturbance. We introduce the effective shape parameter alpha_eff and the geometric entanglement entropy E_geo, and derive from first principles the analytic relation between the CHSH polynomial S and E_geo: S = 2√2 · tanh(2E_geo(alpha_eff)). The classical limit (E_geo → 0) recovers Bell's inequality (S ≤ 2), while the quantum limit (E_geo → ∞) yields the maximum violation S = 2√2. By direct comparison with authoritative data from loophole-free Bell experiments, high-dimensional orbital angular momentum entanglement experiments, and the Micius satellite entanglement distribution experiment, the theoretical predictions are in excellent agreement with experimental observations — with typical deviations below 3% and no free parameters. We further propose schemes for actively designing entanglement resources by controlling the shape parameter of spatial modes, providing a new physical dimension for quantum communication and quantum computation. This work demonstrates that quantum nonlocality can be completely reduced to space geometry — twin ripples are telepathic because they share the same initial texture from the same spatial disturbance. This paper is the third in the first series (17 papers total) of Space Ontology.
The distribution of entanglement in quantum networks will enable the next generation of technologies in quantum-secured communications, distributed quantum computing and sensing. Future quantum networks will require dense connectivity, allowing multiple users to share entanglement in a reconfigurable and multiplexed manner, while long-distance connections are established through the teleportation of entanglement, or entanglement swapping. Although several recent works have demonstrated fully connected, local multi-user networks based on multiplexing, extending such networks to a global network architecture of interconnected local networks remains an outstanding challenge. Here we demonstrate the next step in the evolution of multiplexed quantum networks-a prototype global reconfigurable network in which entanglement is routed and teleported in a flexible and multiplexed manner between two local four-user networks. At the heart of our network is a programmable 8 × 8-dimensional multi-port circuit that harnesses the natural mode-mixing process inside of a multi-mode fibre to implement on-demand high-dimensional operations on two independent photons carrying eight transverse-spatial modes. Our circuit design allows us to break away from the limited planar geometry and bypass the control and fabrication challenges of conventional integrated photonic platforms. Our demonstration highlights the potential of this architecture for enabling large-scale, global quantum networks that offer versatile connectivity while being fully compatible with an existing communications infrastructure.
Remote Quantum Inference introduces a distributed quantum‑network architecture where remote nodes share an aligned high‑dimensional state‑space representation through entanglement, phase synchronization, and identical local Hamiltonians. Instead of cloning an unknown quantum state, the system clones the geometric structure of the shared state space, enabling non‑destructive internodal inference without violating the no‑cloning theorem. The architecture shows how Bell‑violating correlations (typically around S = 2.7 to 2.8) can persist across remote nodes when the operator geometry is shared and the intrinsic spin of the hardware acts as a stable anchor. Once the global state is captured in the intrinsic spin momentum, the inferred node retains a holographic encoding of the entire network’s correlation structure, even if active phase‑locking is lost. This allows the intrinsic spin clone to be manipulated independently while still reproducing the nonlocal statistical behavior of the distributed system. This work extends the author’s Intrinsic Spin Momentum (ISM) Model, which demonstrates how correlation geometry and intrinsic spin can reproduce quantum‑mechanical behavior without nonlocality. It also builds on the representational framework introduced in Quantum Mechanics as Deterministic Electromagnetic Logic (2026). Together, these works outline a unified geometric foundation for scalable, non‑destructive quantum communication, routing, and multi‑node processing. email: ellis.ammons1@gmail.com
Coordination is a fundamental primitive in communication and information theory, in which distributed systems must collectively generate correlated behavior rather than merely exchange messages. In quantum networks, the nature of entanglement, quantum measurements, and nonclassical correlations introduces coordination possibilities unavailable classically. This article reviews recent advances in coordination over classical and quantum communication networks, focusing on empirical and strong coordination in multi-user settings.
We consider the implications of coordination for nonlocal games, showing how it provides a natural framework for understanding the correlations that enable spatially separated players to improve their probability of winning. We present a unified framework for coordination using classical or quantum communication and pre-shared correlation resources. The review covers simulation of both entanglement and separable correlations across a variety of network architectures, including two-node, cascade, broadcast, and multiple-access networks. We study the operational differences between empirical and strong coordination, and the tradeoffs between communication and correlation resources, such as pre-shared randomness and entanglement.
Coordination plays a major role in device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) schemes, in which parties can generate a secret key even if the devices used in the process have been prepared by an adversary. Furthermore, we examine the role of coordination in quantum repeaters, where distributed entanglement serves as a resource for long-distance quantum communication. The review highlights connections between coordination theory and applications such as distributed quantum systems, quantum internet architectures, and future communication networks.