Quantum Computing: A Deep Technical Exploration

N. A. Natraj, Pethuru Raj Chelliah

Zhijian Li, Peng Zhu

With the advancement and application of blockchain technology, its limitations in security, performance, and other aspects have become increasingly prominent. The cryptographic foundations that blockchain relies on are facing significant threats from quantum computing, rendering traditional schemes difficult to transplant directly into the quantum environment. Consequently, exploring the deep integration of quantum information technology with blockchain and constructing a new generation of blockchain systems resistant to quantum attacks has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to review the current research status of quantum computing-enabled blockchain development, analyze the key scientific issues it faces, and anticipate future directions. Quantum blockchain is expected to fundamentally address many of the current blockchain system’s pain points and provide technical support for constructing a safe and efficient distributed value system.

Jack D. Hidary

Jun Lin, Yanju Ji, Jing Zhao +2 more

Quantum-based sensing and measurement technology is a disruptive technology that can realize fine detection of the gravity and magnetic fields in deep Earth, and it has become a key development direction for geophysical exploration equipment worldwide. This study focuses on the frontier technologies for the quantum-based high-precision measurement of Earth’s gravity and magnetic fields, summarizes the development status of quantum-based geophysical exploration equipment, and analyzes demand for the superconducting quantum-based electromagnetic detection system, magnetic vector gradient detection system, superconducting gravity detection system, and cold-atom absolute-gravity exploration system during deep resource exploration. Moreover, the international trend of quantum-based high-precision measurement technology as well as the development opportunities and challenges in this field are analyzed. To improve the core technology research, complete localization, and exploration application of quantum-based geophysical exploration equipment in China, we propose the development goals, technical system, key tasks, and strategic planning for a new generation of quantum-based high-precision deep geophysical exploration equipment. This aims to achieve breakthroughs in superconducting quantum chips and high-sensitivity sensors, establish a collaboration model for the independent development of China’s quantum-based geophysical exploration equipment, promote the high-quality development of deep exploration equipment, and provide strategic support for solving major problems associated with deep mineral resource exploration and revealing of Earth’s deep structure.

Jack D. Hidary

M.P. Harikrishnan, J. K. Arsha, M Shyama +1 more

The deeper into space, the more secure and high-speed missions targeting Mars and lunar habitats are needed. As our needs for secure and high-speed communication and also for powerful computing capabilities grow increasingly critical, it becomes evident that classical systems are not capable of meeting the extreme demands of space. This chapter explores how recent advances in quantum computing and quantum communication could come forward to meet these challenges head-on. Based on QKD and entanglement-based protocols of communication, it investigates how mission data, commands, and telemetry can be shielded from intercept or tamper also how some complex calculations and various data processing tasks that require quantum computing can be performed in deep space. Real world projects regarding Micius satellite of China act as case studies to demonstrate how theory is pitted against practice. In addition, the major technical hurdles are outlined, ranging from photon loss to synchronization problems. The path ahead for enabling the next generation of space communications infrastructure is also presented.