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Conservative Motion Theory – PNP VI The Quantum–Superconservative Barrier: Why BQP Cannot Be Extended Beyond BQP

Kawasaki, Hideyo

Published Nov 20, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We prove that quantum computation, modeled as unitary conservative motion withinConservative Motion Theory (CMT), has an intrinsic and non-extendable upper boundary.Any attempt to enlarge BQP—such as PostBQP, QMA, or hypothetical super-quantummodels—requires superconservative operators with Fredholm mass strictly exceeding that ofany unitary evolution.Such operators violate conservation of entropy, rank spectrum, and Hilbert–Schmidtinvariants, and therefore cannot arise from any physically realizable quantum dynamics.BQP is the maximal physically possible class.Thus the quantum–superconservative barrier is absolute: quantum computation cannotbe extended into the non-conservative or superconservative regimes without breakingfundamental physical laws.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.17659004

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This paper completes the PNP series within Conservative Motion Theory (CMT). Weshow that BQP is not merely a complexity class but the physical upper bound of computationimposed by conservation laws of entropy, energy, Fredholm mass, and spectral rank.Combining PNP I–VI, we obtain:BQP is the maximal computation permitted by the laws of physics.Any attempt to extend quantum computation beyond BQP (PostBQP, QMA, #P,nonlinear quantum mechanics, superposition counting) requires superconservative operatorsthat increase Hilbert–Schmidt mass or violate entropy conservation—dynamics forbidden byCMT.Thus computability is a direct physical consequence: Nature allows exactly BQP andnothing stronger.
Within Conservative Motion Theory (CMT), quantum computation corresponds tounitary conservative motion with strictly preserved Fredholm mass and entropy.We prove that NP search operators possess an intrinsic Fredholm–entropy and non–conservativemass that cannot be reproduced, compressed, or interferometrically encoded by any polynomialsizeunitary quantum circuit.Thus BQP, the class of polynomial-time quantum computations, is strictly containedin the conservative sector and cannot simulate the exponential non-conservative branchingrequired for NP search.BQP does not contain NP.This establishes the Fredholm–Quantum Barrier: quantum interference preserves conservativerank and entropy and therefore cannot emulate NP search dynamics.
This final paper of the PNP series unifies all previous results into a single physicalprinciple governing computation. Within the Conservative Motion Theory (CMT), P, NP,and BQP correspond to three distinct dynamical regimes:P = strictly conservative, BQP = unitarily conservative, NP = maximally non-conservative.Combining PNP I–VII, we derive the Grand Unification of Computation:All physically realizable computation is exactly BQP,and no stronger computation iscompatible with conservation laws.Thus computability is not an abstract mathematical accident but a direct consequenceof the physical laws encoded in CMT: entropy conservation, spectral invariance, Fredholmmass conservation, and unitary dynamics.
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We formulate the conservation of quantum information within the Conservative Motion Theory (CMT) as an Entropic Fredholm Limit. Quantum entropy S = -\operatorname{Tr}(\rho \log\rho) is represented as a Fredholm trace functional of reflection–positive operators, yielding an exact continuity law \frac{dS}{dt}=0 for closed systems. The analytic extension to open dynamics introduces an informational curvature term that encodes dissipative behavior and unifies thermodynamic irreversibility with Fredholm reflection continuity. This work establishes the physical branch of CMT–P by showing that information, entropy, energy, and charge conservation all arise from a single Fredholm trace identity.
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