The World Economic Forum (WEF) and Accenture's 2025 white-paper Quantum Technologies: Key Opportunities for Advanced Manufacturing and Supply Chains presents quantum computing, sensing, and security as near-term levers for industrial transformation. This critical review evaluates those claims against the current peer-reviewed literature and independent industry benchmarks. The analysis finds that quantum security (post-quantum cryptography, PQC) and selected sensing applications (e.g., dimensional metrology) are approaching commercial readiness (TRL 6–7). By contrast, the report's expectations for quantum-computing optimisation are heavily constrained by the limitations of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The intrinsic NP-hard nature of large-scale manufacturing scheduling, together with technical barriers in sensor ruggedisation, high total cost of ownership (TCO), and an estimated talent gap covering less than 5 % of projected demand (Greinert et al., 2023), suggest that the WEF's timelines for broad industrial adoption are overly optimistic. The review concludes with recommendations for practitioners: focus pilot investments on quantum security and narrowly scoped sensing use cases, while maintaining a patient, long-term outlook for quantum-computing advantage.
The World Economic Forum (WEF) and Accenture's 2025 white-paper Quantum Technologies: Key Opportunities for Advanced Manufacturing and Supply Chains presents quantum computing, sensing, and security as near-term levers for industrial transformation. This critical review evaluates those claims against the current peer-reviewed literature and independent industry benchmarks. The analysis finds that quantum security (post-quantum cryptography, PQC) and selected sensing applications (e.g., dimensional metrology) are approaching commercial readiness (TRL 6–7). By contrast, the report's expectations for quantum-computing optimisation are heavily constrained by the limitations of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The intrinsic NP-hard nature of large-scale manufacturing scheduling, together with technical barriers in sensor ruggedisation, high total cost of ownership (TCO), and an estimated talent gap covering less than 5 % of projected demand (Greinert et al., 2023), suggest that the WEF's timelines for broad industrial adoption are overly optimistic. The review concludes with recommendations for practitioners: focus pilot investments on quantum security and narrowly scoped sensing use cases, while maintaining a patient, long-term outlook for quantum-computing advantage.
Quantum computing is increasingly seen as a disruptive technology capable of expanding the computational limits of advanced manufacturing systems within the emerging Industry 5.0 framework. By utilizing quantum mechanical principles such as superposition, entanglement, and quantum parallelism, quantum computation enables new approaches to solving complex optimization, simulation, and data-intensive problems that are challenging or impractical for classical computers. This paper offers a comprehensive and critical review of the potential impacts of quantum computing on advanced manufacturing, focusing on intelligent production planning, supply chain optimization, materials discovery, predictive maintenance, and human–machine collaboration, key aspects of Industry 5.0. The originality of this review lies in its integrated analysis of quantum computing alongside artificial intelligence, digital twins, and cyber–physical systems, highlighting how these technologies, when combined, improve decision-making speed, process efficiency, and sustainability. Despite these opportunities, the integration of quantum computing into Industry 5.0 systems faces critical challenges, including hardware limitations, algorithm scalability, data security concerns, workforce readiness, and the complexity of integrating quantum solutions with existing industrial infrastructures. The role of hybrid quantum-classical architectures is examined as a feasible and transitional approach for near-term manufacturing applications. By critically assessing both technological strengths and practical constraints, this review positions quantum computing as a promising enabler of resilient, human-centered, and sustainable manufacturing ecosystems. The insights aim to assist researchers, industry players, and policymakers in strategically managing the integration of quantum technologies as manufacturing systems advance toward Industry 5.0.
This systematic review examines the transformative impact of quantum computing (QC) on cybersecurity by analysing peer-reviewed literature published between 2019 and 2024. The study identifies the most pressing emerging threats, particularly the vulnerability of classical cryptographic systems to quantum algorithms such as Shor’s and Grover’s. It assesses the current state of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) solutions, including lattice-based schemes and hybrid frameworks integrating quantum key distribution (QKD). The originality of this work lies in its focus on synthesizing research across disciplines while critically evaluating implementation readiness, economic feasibility, and scalability particularly for internet of things (IoT) environments. Key contributions include the integration of real-world pilot case studies, a preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) -based methodological framework, and a strategic outlook for interdisciplinary collaboration. This review provides significant insight into the evolving cybersecurity landscape and offers robust recommendations for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners aiming to navigate the quantum era with confidence.
Event:Symposium "Comprehensive Transport Security," FGBOU VO SPbSU GA named after A.A. Novikov Introduction: New Challenges for Information Security In September 2022, the World Economic Forum (WEF), in collaboration with Deloitte, published a technical report outlining a roadmap for organizations aiming to achieve a quantum-safe economy. The document emphasizes how entities can maximize opportunities while minimizing risks associated with the advent of quantum computing. The 35-page report provides guidance for a secure transition toward quantum-safe systems. Its recommendations are based on discussions among senior members of the WEF Quantum Security Working Group, a specialized network within the broader global quantum computing initiative. Three-Stage Approach for a Secure Transition Increase Awareness of the Quantum ThreatOrganizations must understand the potential risks posed by quantum computing to existing cryptographic systems, particularly public-key encryption, which is vulnerable to algorithms like Shor’s algorithm. Develop a Quantum Security Strategy and Transition RoadmapA clear strategy should define short-, medium-, and long-term steps for implementing quantum-resistant cryptography and protecting critical data assets. Start the Transition Early with Hybrid SolutionsEarly adoption of hybrid cryptographic systems—combining classical and quantum-safe algorithms—enables a gradual and controlled transition to fully quantum-resistant security infrastructures. Why Prioritize Economic Quantum Security? Proactive Risk Mitigation: Delaying action exposes organizations to future breaches, as sensitive information encrypted today may be decrypted by quantum computers tomorrow. Competitive Advantage: Early adopters of quantum-safe solutions can secure trust, reputation, and operational continuity in the digital economy. Strategic Planning: Organizations can integrate quantum resilience into their IT infrastructure without disruptive overhauls.
Quantum computing poses a significant threat to classical asymmetric cryptography, which is essential for ensuring confidentiality, authentication, and key exchange in contemporary digital infrastructures. Although post-quantum cryptography (PQC) provides mechanisms that resist quantum attacks, its implementation in Internet of Things (IoT) systems is challenged by constrained resources, including limitations in computation, memory, energy, latency, and bandwidth, and the heterogeneity of devices. This paper offers a comprehensive narrative review of PQC approaches applicable to IoT, systematically organizing 30 peer-reviewed studies published between 2022 and 2026 across four layers: device, communication, distributed trust, and application. Additionally, the review examines two cross-cutting dimensions, privacy and side-channel resistance. The analysis indicates a significant prevalence of lattice-based schemes, hybrid strategies, and integrations with blockchain technology, zero-knowledge proofs, federated learning, homomorphic encryption, AI, and Zero Trust architectures. Notably, key gaps remain in side-channel evaluation, migration pathways, deployment costs, and real-world validation—issues that are particularly critical given the long lifecycles of IoT devices and the ongoing threat of “harvest now, decrypt later” attacks.
Quantum technologies have emerged as critical enablers of next-generation communication, computation, and sensing systems. This review aims to assess the current state of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and related quantum technologies by examining recent empirical findings, methodological innovations, and systemic challenges. A structured literature search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar using Boolean keyword combinations targeting QKD, quantum sensing, and communication applications. The review focused on peer-reviewed articles from the last five years and included experimental studies, simulations, and applied case analyses. Findings show that QKD has demonstrated remarkable reliability in both controlled laboratory and real-world settings. Studies on multicore fiber networks highlight the potential for high-dimensional communication security, while comparative analyses reveal disparities between implementation strategies across different regions. However, systemic challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, inconsistent regulation, and insufficient public understanding hinder wide-scale adoption. The discussion identifies critical factors contributing to these challenges and proposes actionable policy recommendations, including increased investment in infrastructure, standardized regulations, and targeted education programs. This review concludes that achieving the full potential of quantum technologies will require integrative strategies addressing technical, institutional, and social dimensions. Future research should emphasize longitudinal evaluation and interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance scalability and impact. The insights offered here provide a foundational framework for policymakers, researchers, and industry leaders to advance the adoption of secure, scalable quantum systems.
Quantum computing is a paradigm shift in computational science, where computational tasks that cannot be computationally tackled with binary computing systems can be tackled using quantum mechanics principles, including superposition, entanglement, and quantum interference. The present paper gives a comprehensive summary of the present condition of quantum computing, including the most advanced hardware systems, such as topological qubits, photonics processors, trapped-ion systems and superconducting qubits, and their corresponding advantages and technical challenges. Also, quantum algorithms, including the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and the variational quantum eigen solvers (VQE), include a summary of the first algorithm, Shor's factorization method, and the second algorithm, Grover's search algorithm. Applications of such algorithms are evaluated in such areas as financial modeling, machine learning, material science, drug discovery, and cryptography. Taking into account the information provided by large research facilities and technology firms, the conditions under which quantum systems can outperform conventional technology, such a concept as quantum advantage is given specific focus in this review. Moreover, this paper pays particular attention to the key barriers to effective implementation, such as qubit decoherence, large error rates, scalability issues, and the lack of fault-tolerant quantum devices that can be sold commercially. Regarding the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices that are expected to be available in the near future, we discuss novel approaches to quantum error correction, especially surface code and concatenated code. The quantum software industry, such as IBM Qiskit, Google Cirq, and Microsoft Q, and an evaluation of quantum workforce and research facility readiness across the globe is also discussed. In the end, this work highlights essential potential future paths, such as standards for post-quantum cryptography, hybrid quantum-classical computation, quantum networking and the quantum internet, and the long-term aims for universal fault- tolerant quantum computers. The review should provide researchers, graduate students, and practitioners with a systematic and up-to-date base to understand the fast-growing discipline of quantum computing and its extensive implications on science and business.