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Springer eBooks

Many-Body Schrödinger Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates

Kaspar Sakmann

Published Jan 1, 2011• 25 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-22866-7

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The single-body Schr\"odinger equation with complex potentials has been studied intensively. In this work, we investigate the dynamical process for Bose-Einstein condensed gases, based on the many-body Schr\"odinger equation with complex potentials. It is shown that a weakly imaginary periodic potential may induce perfect quantum coherence between different condensates, even without considering interatomic interactions. This imaginary-potential-induced quantum coherence may be tested with present experimental techniques. We also consider the quantum coherence in the presence of both the imaginary periodic potential and interatomic interactions.
In this work, we study the out-of-equilibrium many-body tunneling dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a two-dimensional radial double well. We investigate the impact of interparticle repulsion and compare the influence of angular momentum on the many-body tunneling dynamics. Accurate many-body dynamics are obtained by solving the full many-body Schr\"odinger equation. We demonstrate that macroscopic vortex states of definite total angular momentum indeed tunnel and that, even in the regime of weak repulsions, a many-body treatment is necessary to capture the correct tunneling dynamics. As a general rule, many-body effects set in at weaker interactions when the tunneling system carries angular momentum.