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Quantum teleportation and its experimental realization : Teleporting moving quantum states onto a stationary medium

Alexander Thorén

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A quantum mechanical state may be transferred between locations using quantum teleportation.Specically information encoded in the polarized state of a light pulse maybe teleported onto the collecti ...

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This study demonstrates teleportation between objects of a different nature - light and matter, which respectively represent 'flying' and 'stationary' media. In the present experiment, the quantum state of a few-photon pulse is teleported onto a macroscopic object. The fidelity up to 64% higher than any classical communication can possibly achieve has been demonstrated. An important factor for the implementation of quantum networks is the teleportation distance (0.5 m) between transmitter and receiver.
Abstract Quantum teleportation is an interesting feature of quantum mechanics. Entanglement is used as a link between two remote locations to transfer a quantum state without physically sending it – a process that cannot be realized utilizing merely classical tools. Furthermore it has become evident that teleportation is also an important element of future quantum networks and it can be an ingredient for quantum computation. This article reports for the first time the teleportation from light to atoms. In the experiment discussed, the quantum state of a light beam is transferred to an atomic ensemble. The key element of light‐atom entanglement created via a dispersive interaction lays the foundation for the protocol.
Quantum teleportation is a technique for transferring quantum information from a sender at one location to a receiver some distance away. While teleportation is commonly portrayed in science fiction as a means to transfer physical objects from one location to the next, quantum teleportation only transfers quantum information. In July, the US Department of Energy unveiled a blueprint for the first quantum internet, connecting several of its National Laboratories across the country. A quantum internet would be able to transmit large volumes of data across immense distances at a rate that exceeds the speed of light. Traditional computer data is coded in either zeros or ones. Quantum information is superimposed in both zeros and ones simultaneously. Academics, researchers and IT professionals will need to create devices for the infrastructure of quantum internet including: quantum routers, repeaters, gateways, hubs, and other quantum tools.
Quantum teleportation is one of the most enigmatic protocols realized so far in the area of quantum information, allowing for the transfer of quantum information assisted by an entangled state. It was a subject of science fiction 20 years ago, but now is a fundamental experimental protocol and quantum primitive for quantum information processing tasks. There have been many successful realizations of teleportation ranging from those using photons, atoms, and hybrid systems and long-range teleportation beyond 100km has already been achieved multiple times. These however typically involve explicitly single particle systems or effective few-particle systems. For larger (visible to the naked eye) objects involving many particles, teleportation is typically more difficult due to the fast decoherence such macroscopic objects suffer. In this case, the entanglement disappears almost as soon as it is created, making it useless for such tasks. More recently, teleportation was accomplished in the continuous variables (CV) framework between two atomic ensembles [1]. As remarkable as these achievements are, teleportation schemes that are known today (qubit/CV) do not allow us to teleport more complex quantum states at the macroscopic level. For example, while it is possible in principle to extend teleportation to multiple qubits, on a macroscopic level this is prohibitively complicated and highly susceptible to decoherence. For atomic ensemble CV based schemes, the teleported states are restricted to small displacements from the completely Sx-polarized state on the Bloch sphere.
Quantum teleportation is a method to transfer unknown quantum states to a distant place with an assist of quantum entanglement. Whole process of the teleportation can be described by a transfer-operator. It allows us to calculate the output state in the case of the teleportation using non-maximal entanglement. This method investigates the properties of some of the output states. The photon statistics of the teleportation output are determined and the correlation between the field information β obtained in the teleportation process and the change in photon number is discussed. The results of the output photon statistics are applied to the transmission of a qubit encoded in the polarization of a single-photon state.