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Quantum Information Processing

Protecting multipartite entanglement against weak-measurement-induced amplitude damping by local unitary operations

Xiao-Lan Zong, Chao-Qun Du, Ming Yang, Wei Song, Qing Yang, Zhuo‐Liang Cao

Published Jun 10, 2015• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11128-015-1041-x

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Protecting remote bipartite entanglement against amplitude damping by local unitary operations

Xiao-Lan Zong, Chao-Qun Du, Ming Yang +2 more

Remote entanglement will inevitably decrease due to the interactions between quantum systems and their environments. Therefore protecting remote entanglement against decoherence is of great importance in realizing quantum communication and quantum comp utation. In this paper, we demonstrate that decoherence caused by weak-measurement-induced damping can be effectively suppressed by adding local unitary operation series on each qubit. The results show that the entanglement of the output state can approach that of the state before amplitude damping. The most distinct advantage of this entanglement protection scheme is that any unitary operation (except the identity operation) has this entanglement reversal effect on the amplitude-damped states. Furthermore, in each local unitary operation series, all the operations can be different from one other, and all the time intervals between any two adjacent operations can be different too. In addition, there is no need for the two remote users to synchronize their operations. Unlike most of the previous schemes, we do not assume the instantaneous local unitary operation, and each operation has a duration. All these advantages suggest that this remote entanglement protection scheme is much simpler and feasible than the previous ones, and we hope it can be implemented in the near future. Recently, Y. S. Kim et al. [Nat. Phys. 8, 117 (2012)] pointed out that ``pre-weak measurement $+$ amplitude damping $+$ bit-flipping operation $+$ post-weak measurement'' can actively combat specific decoherence. By combing our proposal with Kim et al.'s scheme, the protection performance can be greatly improved by replacing the bit-flipping operation with an arbitrary rotational operation around the $x$ axis, the number of the operations as well as the interval between any two adjacent operations all can be different, and the application range of the scheme can be greatly broadened.

Physical Review A•Dec 30, 2014•17 citations

Scheme for protecting multipartite quantum entanglement

Zong Xiao-Lan, Yang Ming

Entanglement is a vital resource for many quantum information processes. However, the unavoidable interaction between quantum system and its environment will lead to quantum decoherence. So protecting remote entanglement against decoherence is of great importance for realizing quantum information and quantum communication. In fact, there are many types of decoherences. Besides the depolarization and phase damping, amplitude damping is a typical decoherence mechanism. If we monitor the environments to guarantee that no excitation escapes from the system, the amplitude damping is modified into a weak measurement induced amplitude damping of the system. Amplitude damping decoherence can affect both single-qubit quantum states and multipartite entangled states. However, in most of previous quantum state protection schemes, the authors only pay attention to the single-qubit system or two-qubit system. Compared with bipartite entangled states, multipartite entangled states possess many advantages, but the entanglement property of multipartite entangled state is much more complicated than bipartite entanglement, so bipartite entanglement reversal (protection) scheme may not be suitable for multipartite case. Thus, in this paper, according to local pulse series and weak measurement, we propose an effective scheme for protecting two multipartite entangled states against amplitude damping, and these two multipartite states are Cluster state and Maximal slice (MS) state. Cluster state and MS state are two typical classes of multipartite entangled states, which play important roles in quantum computation and communication, respectively. These two states cannot be converted into each other with local operation and classical communication. Owing to its good operational and computable properties, here we choose negativity as a measure to quantify the multipartite entanglement. For the case of MS sate, no matter what the initial parameter is, when the local pulses are exerted on all qubits, the entanglement can be fixed around the entanglement of the initial state. Similarly, in the four-qubit cluster state case, if a series of flip operations is exerted on all qubits, it is shown that the multipartite entanglement can be recovered to the maximum 1.0. All these results show that this protocol can protect remote multipartite entanglement effectively. The physical mechanism behind this scheme is that the weak measurement combining with flip operation can balance the weight of different terms of the state, and move the entanglement toward the initial value. To summarize, our scheme is much simpler and feasible, which may warrant its experimental realization. Moreover, our scheme could be extended to protect other multipartite states.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2016•4 citations
Remote entanglement will inevitably decrease due to the interactions between quantum systems and their environments. Therefore protecting remote entanglement against decoherence is of great importance in realizing quantum communication and quantum comp utation. In this paper, we demonstrate that decoherence caused by weak-measurement-induced damping can be effectively suppressed by adding local unitary operation series on each qubit. The results show that the entanglement of the output state can approach that of the state before amplitude damping. The most distinct advantage of this entanglement protection scheme is that any unitary operation (except the identity operation) has this entanglement reversal effect on the amplitude-damped states. Furthermore, in each local unitary operation series, all the operations can be different from one other, and all the time intervals between any two adjacent operations can be different too. In addition, there is no need for the two remote users to synchronize their operations. Unlike most of the previous schemes, we do not assume the instantaneous local unitary operation, and each operation has a duration. All these advantages suggest that this remote entanglement protection scheme is much simpler and feasible than the previous ones, and we hope it can be implemented in the near future. Recently, Y. S. Kim et al. [Nat. Phys. 8, 117 (2012)] pointed out that ``pre-weak measurement +++ amplitude damping +++ bit-flipping operation +++ post-weak measurement'' can actively combat specific decoherence. By combing our proposal with Kim et al.'s scheme, the protection performance can be greatly improved by replacing the bit-flipping operation with an arbitrary rotational operation around the xxx axis, the number of the operations as well as the interval between any two adjacent operations all can be different, and the application range of the scheme can be greatly broadened.
Entanglement is a vital resource for many quantum information processes. However, the unavoidable interaction between quantum system and its environment will lead to quantum decoherence. So protecting remote entanglement against decoherence is of great importance for realizing quantum information and quantum communication. In fact, there are many types of decoherences. Besides the depolarization and phase damping, amplitude damping is a typical decoherence mechanism. If we monitor the environments to guarantee that no excitation escapes from the system, the amplitude damping is modified into a weak measurement induced amplitude damping of the system. Amplitude damping decoherence can affect both single-qubit quantum states and multipartite entangled states. However, in most of previous quantum state protection schemes, the authors only pay attention to the single-qubit system or two-qubit system. Compared with bipartite entangled states, multipartite entangled states possess many advantages, but the entanglement property of multipartite entangled state is much more complicated than bipartite entanglement, so bipartite entanglement reversal (protection) scheme may not be suitable for multipartite case. Thus, in this paper, according to local pulse series and weak measurement, we propose an effective scheme for protecting two multipartite entangled states against amplitude damping, and these two multipartite states are Cluster state and Maximal slice (MS) state. Cluster state and MS state are two typical classes of multipartite entangled states, which play important roles in quantum computation and communication, respectively. These two states cannot be converted into each other with local operation and classical communication. Owing to its good operational and computable properties, here we choose negativity as a measure to quantify the multipartite entanglement. For the case of MS sate, no matter what the initial parameter is, when the local pulses are exerted on all qubits, the entanglement can be fixed around the entanglement of the initial state. Similarly, in the four-qubit cluster state case, if a series of flip operations is exerted on all qubits, it is shown that the multipartite entanglement can be recovered to the maximum 1.0. All these results show that this protocol can protect remote multipartite entanglement effectively. The physical mechanism behind this scheme is that the weak measurement combining with flip operation can balance the weight of different terms of the state, and move the entanglement toward the initial value. To summarize, our scheme is much simpler and feasible, which may warrant its experimental realization. Moreover, our scheme could be extended to protect other multipartite states.