Flux states for the infinite-Ulimit of the Hubbard model
S. E. Barnes
For finite doping, \ensuremath{\delta}, relative to half filling, it is shown, within the confines of a mean-field auxiliary-operator formulation, for the strictly infinite-U, i.e., J=0, limit of the two-dimensional Hubbard model, that the spinons generate a fictitious magnetic flux to which holons are subject and vice versa. For small doping, a flux state is the absolute ground state and has 1-\ensuremath{\delta}=2p/q, where p/q is a rational fraction and the flux per plaquette is \ensuremath{\Phi}=(p/q)${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Phi}}}_{0}$, where ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Phi}}}_{0}$ is the flux quantum. This phenomenon can be viewed upon as an all-electron Peierls instability or as broken statistical symmetry.
Physical review. B, Condensed matter•Jul 1, 1991•2 citations