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Chinese Optics Letters

In-situ aberration correction for far-detuned laser systems via a trapped ion probe

Yan Chen, Quan Long, Yifan Zhou, Enteng An, Ran He, Jin‐Ming Cui, Yun‐Feng Huang, Chuan‐Feng Li

Published Nov 28, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

High-fidelity focused spots, achieving the diffraction limit and ultra-low crosstalk, are critical for manipulating trapped atoms and ions.Despite the existence of various aberration compensation techniques, obtaining such high-quality focused spots remains challenging for far-detuned laser systems.Here, we demonstrate a universal in-situ aberration correction technique for far-detuned-laser-based individual addressing systems.Our approach utilizes a trapped ion as a probe and a spatial light modulator for optical aberration compensation, demonstrating 17-fold suppression of crosstalk and achieving a low Rabi crosstalk of 0.031(4)%, nearly a four-fold improvement over previous state-of-the-art results.This method establishes an effective tool for high-fidelity quantum operations in trapped ion and atom systems, pivotal for quantum computing.

DOI
10.3788/col202624.010201

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High-fidelity focused spots, achieving the diffraction limit and ultra-low crosstalk, are critical for manipulating trapped atoms and ions.Despite the existence of various aberration compensation techniques, obtaining such high-quality focused spots remains challenging for far-detuned laser systems.Here, we demonstrate a universal in-situ aberration correction technique for far-detuned-laser-based individual addressing systems.Our approach utilizes a trapped ion as a probe and a spatial light modulator for optical aberration compensation, demonstrating 17-fold suppression of crosstalk and achieving a low Rabi crosstalk of 0.031(4)%, nearly a four-fold improvement over previous state-of-the-art results.This method establishes an effective tool for high-fidelity quantum operations in trapped ion and atom systems, pivotal for quantum computing.
Abstract High-precision, individually programmable manipulation of quantum particles is crucial for scaling up quantum information processing (QIP) systems such as laser-cooled trapped-ions. However, restricting undesirable “crosstalk” in optical manipulation of ion qubits is fundamentally challenging due to micron-level inter-ion separation. Further, inhomogeneous ion spacing and high susceptibility to aberrations at UV wavelengths suitable for most ion-species pose severe challenges. Here, we demonstrate high-precision individual addressing ( λ = 369.5 nm) of Yb + using a reprogrammable Fourier hologram. The precision is achieved through in-situ aberration characterization via the trapped ion, and compensating (to λ /20) with the hologram. Using an iterative Fourier transformation algorithm (IFTA), we demonstrate an ultra-low (<10 −4 ) intensity crosstalk error in creating arbitrary pair-wise addressing profiles, suitable for over fifty ions. This scheme relies on standard commercial hardware, can be readily extended to over a hundred ions, and adapted to other ion-species and quantum platforms.
Abstract High-precision preparation of holographic optical tweezers, which is a critical requirement for neutral atom quantum computing platforms, faces the challenge of system aberrations that degrade trap performance. In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient aberration correction algorithm for wavefront-sensorless optical systems, based on correcting the relative lateral shift of diffracted light across spatial regions. Applied to a cold atomic system, this technique demonstrates active correction of aberrations up to several wavelengths, reducing them to a peak-to-valley difference of 0.19(3) λ . The diffraction spot quality and optical trap depth are significantly improved after aberration correction. Combined with subsequent array optimization, the technique enables the generation of uniform optical trap arrays with enhanced atom-loading efficiency. The method requires no prior wavefront information or additional hardware, utilizing only an SLM and a standard CCD camera. Its computational efficiency and hardware simplicity make it broadly applicable to fields such as laser lithography and microscopy.
Large-scale programmable trapped ion hardware, featuring high gate fidelity and long coherence times, is promising for realizing a practical fault-tolerant quantum computer (FTQC). However, individual addressing (IA) methods, which are important for implementing programmable gates in near-term quantum devices, can lead to undesired errors between the target ions and neighboring ions. In this work, we present a low-crosstalk optical addressing system based on multiple optical objectives and acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) with a symmetrical configuration. Two counter-propagating Raman operation beams are both tightly focused, generating an overlapping spot with a waist radius of approximately $1~\upmu\mathrm{m}$, to address the target ion. As a result, IA crosstalk, characterized by Rabi rate crosstalk on the spectator ion, is measured to be 1.19(5)×10−31.19(5)\times10^{-3}1.19(5)×10−3, with the two ions separated by approximately 5.5~$\upmu\mathrm{m}$. This low-crosstalk optical addressing system holds promise for high-fidelity entangling operations, and the symmetrically-configured AODs in our method can be readily extended to two dimensions to address a two-dimensional ion crystal.
Abstract Trapped ions are one of the leading platforms for quantum information processing, exhibiting the highest gate and measurement fidelities of all contending hardware. In order to realize a universal quantum computer with trapped ions, independent and parallel control over the state of each qubit is necessary. The manipulation of individual qubit states in an ion chain via stimulated Raman transitions generally requires light focused on individual ions. In this manuscript, we present a novel, guided-light individual addressing system for hyperfine Ba+ qubits. The system takes advantage of laser-written waveguide technology, enabled by the atomic structure of Ba+, allowing the use of visible light to drive Raman transitions. Such waveguides define the spatial mode of light, suppressing aberrations that would have otherwise accumulated in a free-space optics set up. As a result, we demonstrate a nearest neighbor relative intensity crosstalk on the order of 10−4, without any active aberration compensation. This is comparable to or better than other previous demonstrations of individual addressing. At the same time, our modular approach provides independent and agile control over the amplitude, frequency, and phase of each channel; combining the strengths of previous implementations.
A guided light system for agile individual addressing of Ba+^++ qubits with 10−410^{-4}10−4 level intensity crosstalk
Trapped ions are one of the leading platforms for quantum information processing, exhibiting the highest gate and measurement fidelities of all contending hardware. In order to realize a universal quantum computer with trapped ions, independent and parallel control over the state of each qubit is necessary. The manipulation of individual qubit states in an ion chain via stimulated Raman transitions generally requires light focused on individual ions. In this manuscript, we present a novel, guided-light individual addressing system for hyperfine Ba+^++ qubits. The system takes advantage of laser-written waveguide technology, enabled by the atomic structure of Ba+^++, allowing the use of visible light to drive Raman transitions. Such waveguides define the spatial mode of light, suppressing aberrations that would have otherwise accumulated in a free-space optics set up. As a result, we demonstrate a nearest neighbour relative intensity crosstalk on the order of 10−4^{-4}−4, without any active aberration compensation. This is comparable to or better than other previous demonstrations of individual addressing. At the same time, our modular approach provides independent and agile control over the amplitude, frequency, and phase of each channel; combining the strengths of previous implementations.
Most trapped-ion quantum computers confine ions using precise voltages applied to electrodes and manipulate their internal states and execute quantum logic operations using focused laser beams. The prevailing approach to scaling these systems from current sizes that use tens of ions to ones with several orders of magnitude more ions relies on the lithographic fabrication of larger electrode arrays as well as on-chip integrated waveguides for delivering light to each individual ion. This approach solves the crosstalk problem that is inherent to free-space light delivery, but it does not address the input/output problem associated with coupling many optical signals to the on-chip waveguides. Here we describe an approach that uses CMOS-compatible optical modulators that can substantially address this challenge, and analyze its architectural implications.