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Optics Communications

Investigation of vortex four-wave mixing in semiconductor quantum dots

Wen-Long Xiong, Xiao-Qiu Qi, Aixi Chen

Published Nov 13, 2025• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132663

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We propose a scheme to generate spatially dependent four-wave mixing (FWM) in an asymmetric semiconductor three-coupled-quantum-well nanostructure. By adjusting the detuning of the control field, one can effectively manipulate the FWM output field. Specifically, the vortex phase of the FWM field can be modulated. The detailed explanations based on the dispersion relation are given, which are in good agreement with our results. Furthermore, we perform the interference between the FWM field and the same-frequency Gaussian beam. Our results show that the interference patterns can also be modulated via the detuning of the control field, which may provide a way to observe helical phase modulation via the intensity measurement. This work may be useful for investigating the nonlinear optical phenomena based on orbital angular momentum light.
We show that, Four wave mixing (FWM) processes of grating can be controlled by the presence of interactions with a quantum dot or a molecule made by coupled quantum dots. By choosing the appropriate level spacing for the quantum emitter, one can either suppress or enhance the Four wave mixing process. We revel theoretically the underlying mechanism for this effect. (i) Suppression in FWM intensity occurs simply because induced Electromagnetic Induced Transparency does not allow the excitation at converted FWM frequency. (ii) Enhancement emerges since FWM process can be brought to resonance. Path interference effect cancels the nonresonant frequency terms. Furthermore, we have also shown that in case of coupled quantum dots enhancement increases significantly as compared to the case of a single quantum dot.
We elaborate methods of femtosecond time resolved spectroscopy of nanocomposites. Features of photon echo (PE) and time resolved four-wave mixing (TRFWM) signals in nanocomposites consisted of semiconductor quantum dots (QD) incorporated into nonlinear dielectric matrix are studied. In particular, impacts of value and angular distribution of permanent dipole moments (PDM) as well as their spatial dispersion on two pulse responses are under investigation. As is known, large values of permanent dipole moments are inherent to many semiconductor QDs, including ZnO QDs. Moreover, the presence of giant dipole moment in cellulose nanocrystals what reaches 4400+400 Debye has been demonstrated [1]. To the best of our knowledge, the PDM impact on the signals of time resolved four-wave mixing as a whole, and, in particular, photon echo has been yet unrevealed.