Contemporary agriculture is having major difficulties in assuring nutrient delivery and caring for the environment. The paper proposes integrating quantum machine learning (QML) techniques with precision agriculture tools to bring improvements to nutrient management. Predicting the correct amount, timing and distribution of fertilizer works much better with our new quantum-based strategy than with established ones. Analyzing the interactions among soil, plants and the atmosphere with quantum variational circuits and quantum kernel methods allows us to predict how much fertilizer is needed with an accuracy of 94.7% and helps lower waste by 38.2%. With QAOA implementation, real-time adjustments can be done in variable-rate systems. This type of research aims to overcome important problems with current algorithms unable to work with high-dimensional datasets in agriculture. This work creates the base for new agriculture systems that help achieve high crop yields while keeping the environment safe through quick and effective methods of optimization.
Contemporary agriculture is having major difficulties in assuring nutrient delivery and caring for the environment. The paper proposes integrating quantum machine learning (QML) techniques with precision agriculture tools to bring improvements to nutrient management. Predicting the correct amount, timing and distribution of fertilizer works much better with our new quantum-based strategy than with established ones. Analyzing the interactions among soil, plants and the atmosphere with quantum variational circuits and quantum kernel methods allows us to predict how much fertilizer is needed with an accuracy of 94.7% and helps lower waste by 38.2%. With QAOA implementation, real-time adjustments can be done in variable-rate systems. This type of research aims to overcome important problems with current algorithms unable to work with high-dimensional datasets in agriculture. This work creates the base for new agriculture systems that help achieve high crop yields while keeping the environment safe through quick and effective methods of optimization.
Changes in Weather decrease in soil fertility, limited water resources and growing populations all are making agriculture harder. Even though precision agriculture uses traditional machine learning techniques, the majority of these approaches are unable to effectively handle the extremely complex and multidimensional data coming from crop genetics, weather systems, soil sensors, and satellite surveillance. In this regard, the current research presents a framework for intelligent agriculture that is based on quantum machine learning and quantum optimization. The system can represent and analyze the agricultural data far more efficiently than traditional computer methods by taking advantage of quantum phenomena like superposition and entanglement. Improved crop yield prediction and intelligent resource management via quantum-inspired optimization, particularly QAOA, are the two main objectives of the work. The model achieves accuracy values for yield estimates between 70 and 90%, according to simulation results, and it allows for real-time modification of fertilizer and irrigation. Lastly, it provides farmers with an easy-to-use dashboard to visualize insights. The current study provides a conceptual and technical foundation for quantum computing applications in agriculture in the near future, for more resource-efficient, data-driven, and sustainable farming, even though current quantum hardware is still in the development stage.
Accurate soil nutrient estimation underpins fertility assessment, precision agriculture, and sustainable land management, yet conventional laboratory analysis is slow, costly, and impractical at scale. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) captures detailed spectral signatures linked to soil properties, but its high dimensionality and limited ground truth samples strain classical machine learning. This review examines quantum machine learning (QML) as an emerging rather than established direction for high-dimensional, low-sample hyperspectral soil analysis. We outline where classical machine learning and deep learning fall short and then assess how quantum kernel methods, variational quantum circuits, and hybrid quantum–classical architectures might improve feature representation and nonlinear modeling. Of the 150 studies reviewed, 26 report quantum machine learning results of any kind, five use soil data, and only one evaluates soil spectra directly for nutrient or property estimation. The remainder contribute transferable evidence from adjacent soil and remote sensing tasks, together with soil applications that remain proposals. Accordingly, the review weighs both the promise and the practical constraints of QML on current noisy intermediate-scale quantum hardware, including the encoding cost, measurement overhead, circuit depth, and trainability limits. Future research priorities are identified: quantum-ready hyperspectral soil datasets, reproducible benchmarking against well-tuned classical baselines, scalable hybrid pipelines, hardware-aware reporting, and field validation. Pairing QML with hyperspectral soil sensing may eventually support soil fertility assessment, variable-rate fertilization, and sustainable precision agriculture, but any such benefit must be demonstrated experimentally rather than inferred and will depend on continued progress in quantum hardware.
This paper introduces a hybrid machine learning and quantum, inspired framework for the prediction of crop yield and profit in precision agriculture. The presented system combines classical machine learning models with quantum, inspired learning such that the model's predictability and generalization can be increased. Random Forest regressors are employed to estimate crop yield and economic profit, thus providing a stable and reliable baseline for the performance. Quantum Kernel Ridge Regression and a Variational Quantum Circuit have been added to this framework as corrective components to enhance the model's generalization. The proposed technique involves methodical data preprocessing: categorical attributes are encoded (soil type, season, crop name, and disease status), and numerical features are scaled (rainfall, nutrient level, fertilizer usage, and cultivated area). Instead of using image, based disease detection methods, disease condition is considered as a structured input feature and is merged with the yield and profit estimation process. The quantum-inspired module, which is implemented with Qiskit, employs Principal Component Analysis for reducing dimensions and utilizes a ZZFeatureMap to encode quantum features to construct quantum kernels. By providing an effective framework for data-driven agricultural decision support, the current system is deployed via an interactive Streamlit application for dataset uploading, model training and prediction, and visual analysis through correlation heatmaps and yield-profit trend plots. Experimental results have shown that a hybrid integration of classical machine learning and quantum- inspired methodology could enhance predictability, interpretability, and practical usability, thus offering this framework suitable for data-driven agricultural decision support.
This study investigates how precision agriculture and crop production predictions may be improved using Quantum Machine Learning (QML) models, namely the Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC). The VQC outperformed traditional linear regression and other quantum models such as Quantum Neural Networks (QNN) and Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks (QCNN) by using quantum computing's ability to analyze high-dimensional agricultural data. With the lowest Mean Squared Error (MSE: 28.00), Mean Absolute Error (MAE: 3.8), and greatest R-squared (R2: 0.97), the VQC successfully identified intricate relationships between input variables such as acreage, rainfall, and fertilizer usage. Classical models, on the other hand, had more prediction errors and showed serious limits. This work opens the door for further research and the use of quantum technologies in agricultural systems by demonstrating the revolutionary potential of QML, particularly VQC, in tackling issues in agriculture, including food security, resource sustainability, and climate resilience.
New zenith of agriculture technology, precision agriculture has emerged as a crucial tool to feed India and manage the scarce irrigation facility where nearly 600 million people are facing hardship of severe water crisis. This paper proposes a new algorithm of variational quantum computing (VQC), which has showed potential in optimizing crop yield and resource utilisation based on the data sets such as soil quality, climate and genetic makeup of crops. The algorithm makes use of qubits to allow the real time data processing through IoT sensors to allow for real time monitoring and decision making. Two trials performed on various agricultural data sets this approach presented about 30% increase in the predictive accuracy of crop yields and 25% decrease in water and fertilizer usage. Furthermore, enhanced detection capacities enhanced illness control capacities by 40% thereby leading to decreased crop losses. In addition to bridging significant gaps in the currently available literature, this paper incorporates quantum computing into precision agriculture to offer farmers and other stakeholders’ usable formulations that may shape the future of farming with the help of advancing quantum technologies.
New zenith of agriculture technology, precision agriculture has emerged as a crucial tool to feed India and manage the scarce irrigation facility where nearly 600 million people are facing hardship of severe water crisis. This paper proposes a new algorithm of variational quantum computing (VQC), which has showed potential in optimizing crop yield and resource utilisation based on the data sets such as soil quality, climate and genetic makeup of crops. The algorithm makes use of qubits to allow the real time data processing through IoT sensors to allow for real time monitoring and decision making. Two trials performed on various agricultural data sets this approach presented about 30% increase in the predictive accuracy of crop yields and 25% decrease in water and fertilizer usage. Furthermore, enhanced detection capacities enhanced illness control capacities by 40% thereby leading to decreased crop losses. In addition to bridging significant gaps in the currently available literature, this paper incorporates quantum computing into precision agriculture to offer farmers and other stakeholders’ usable formulations that may shape the future of farming with the help of advancing quantum technologies.