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Physics Letters A

Dissipative quantum fluctuations-induced droplets in Bose-Einstein mixtures

Conrad Bertrand Tabi, Étienne Wamba, Tlotlo Oepeng, Timoléon Crépin Kofané

Published Oct 23, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131088

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Abstract We study an impurity immersed in the mixture of Bose ultracold gases in the regime where a quantum droplet (QD) exists. The quasi-one-dimensional geometry is considered. We find an effective attractive potential, which acts by the QD onto the impurity. The bound states of the impurity in this potential are investigated. These impurity-bound states can provide potential probes for the presence of quantum fluctuation effects on the droplet properties. In the case of strong impurity–Bose–Einstein condensate coupling we study the properties of the nonlinear local modes on the impurity induced by the quantum fluctuations.
Collapse in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates may be arrested by quantum fluctuations. Due to the anisotropy of the dipole-dipole interactions, the dipole-driven collapse induced by soft excitations is compensated by the repulsive Lee-Huang-Yang contribution resulting from quantum fluctuations of hard excitations, in a similar mechanism as that recently proposed for Bose-Bose mixtures. The arrested collapse results in self-bound filamentlike droplets, providing an explanation for the intriguing results of recent dysprosium experiments. Arrested instability and droplet formation are general features directly linked to the nature of the dipole-dipole interactions, and should hence play an important role in all future experiments with strongly dipolar gases.