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Physical Review A

Dual-domain coherent emission: Photon-magnon laser in a hybrid quantum system

Sofia Ribeiro, Pardeep Kumar

Published Sep 15, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a quantum theoretical framework that describes the simultaneous emergence of magnon- and photon lasing in a tripartite hybrid solid-state platform. The system integrates optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, a magnetic yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) microsphere, and a microwave (MW) cavity. Through a comprehensive analysis of the system's dynamics, we reveal the cooperative interactions that drive coherent-stimulated emission in both the magnonic (spin-wave) and photonic (electromagnetic) domains. The model outlines a scalable configuration in which NV centers, excited via optical pumping, couple efficiently to the magnon modes of the YIG sphere placed inside the microwave cavity. Numerical simulations based on experimentally accessible parameters confirm the feasibility of dual-domain lasing. This work advances the integration of photonic and magnonic platforms, opening new opportunities for quantum-enhanced sensing, low-power spintronics, and on-chip quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1103/2vkc-y6ww

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We present a quantum theoretical framework that describes the simultaneous emergence of magnon- and photon lasing in a tripartite hybrid solid-state platform. The system integrates optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, a magnetic yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) microsphere, and a microwave (MW) cavity. Through a comprehensive analysis of the system's dynamics, we reveal the cooperative interactions that drive coherent-stimulated emission in both the magnonic (spin-wave) and photonic (electromagnetic) domains. The model outlines a scalable configuration in which NV centers, excited via optical pumping, couple efficiently to the magnon modes of the YIG sphere placed inside the microwave cavity. Numerical simulations based on experimentally accessible parameters confirm the feasibility of dual-domain lasing. This work advances the integration of photonic and magnonic platforms, opening new opportunities for quantum-enhanced sensing, low-power spintronics, and on-chip quantum information processing.
We propose an alternative scheme to achieve the cross-correlations between magnon and photon in a hybrid nonlinear system including two microwave cavities and one yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere, where two cavities nonlinearly interact and meanwhile one of cavities couples to magnon representing the collective excitation in YIG sphere via magnetic dipole interaction. Based on dispersive couplings between two cavities and between one cavity and magnon with the larger detunings, the nonlinear interaction occurs between the other cavity and magnon, which plays a crucial role in generating quantum correlations. By analyzing the second-order correlation functions via numerical simulations and analytical calculations, the remarkable nonclassical correlations are existent in such a system, where the magnon blockade and photon antibunching could be obtainable on demand. The scheme we present is focused on the magnon-photon cross-correlations in the weak coupling regime and relaxes the requirements of experimental conditions, which may have potential applications in quantum information processing in the hybrid system.
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Strong and controllable tripartite interactions play a pivotal role in quantum information and nonlinear quantum optics, yet challenging to realize. In this work, we propose a hybrid system consisting of a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center coupled to Kerr magnons (magnons with Kerr nonlinearity) in two yttrium-iron-garnet spheres. By adiabatically eliminating the ground state of the NV qutrit in the dispersive regime, an effective tripartite interaction among magnons and an NV qubit encoded in its excited states is obtained. In the strong driving limit, Kerr magnons can be linearized and give rise to degenerate parametric amplification for squeezing magnons. As a result, both the tripartite interaction and cooperativity are exponentially enhanced twice, which is about exp⁡(ξ)\exp(ξ)exp(ξ) times than schemes only involving single-squeezing. Hence, our proposal is more experimentally feasible because modest squeezing parameter is sufficient. With this amplified tripartite coupling strength, the system dynamics are greatly accelerated, leading to fast generation of tripartite entanglement. In addition, noise-resilient perfect magnon blockade can be achieved, well predicted by both the analytical approach and numerical simulation with quantum master equation. Our results suggest that the NV center represents a promising interface for engineering many-body interactions in quantum magnonics, offering a versatile platform for exploring fundamental quantum phenomena such as entanglement and correlations.
The Purcell effect has emerged as a powerful mechanism for controlling spontaneous emission and dissipation in cavity and nanophotonic systems; however, its realization in dissipative non-Hermitian hybrid platforms remains largely unexplored. In this work, we investigate the Purcell effect in a dissipatively coupled photon-magnon hybrid quantum system consisting of a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) thin film integrated with an inverted octa-ring resonator (IORR) in a planar geometry. To describe the underlying dissipative hybrid dynamics, we develop a quantum theoretical framework based on non-Hermitian coupled-mode theory combined with the input-output formalism. We also analyze the temporal decay dynamics of the photon-magnon system. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations demonstrate that the system can be engineered to operate in the level-attraction regime through dissipative photon-magnon coupling. By systematically tuning the magnon damping, we uncover the emergence of a Purcell regime in which cavity-photon dissipation is selectively enhanced through magnon-mediated loss channels. We further show that the saturation magnetization (Ms) provides an additional degree of control over the onset, tunability, and robustness of the Purcell enhancement. The combined modulation of magnon damping and Ms strongly influences the effective photon-magnon coupling, hybrid-mode evolution, and dissipation landscape, enabling precise control of hybrid quantum states. These findings establish a versatile strategy for engineering magnetization- and dissipation-controlled photon-magnon interactions in planar, chip-compatible architectures, opening new avenues for non-Hermitian cavity magnonics, tunable microwave dissipation engineering, and hybrid quantum information technologies.
We present a proposal to produce bipartite and tripartite entanglement in a hybrid magnon cavity QED system. Two macroscopic yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres are coupled to a single-mode microwave cavity, where the cavity photons are generated via a two-photon process induced by a strong pump field. Using mean-field theory, we show that nonlinear pumping can result in strong bipartite entanglement between the cavity photon and magnon under two conditions, i.e., ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{c}{\ensuremath{\delta}}_{m}=2{g}^{2}$ and ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{c}=\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\delta}}_{m}$. For the latter one, we also show the possibility for producing bipartite entanglement between two magnon modes as well as tripartite entanglement among three modes. Combining these two conditions, we further derive a third condition, i.e., ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{m}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\phi}}^{2}+2{g}^{2}=0$, where tripartite entanglement can be achieved when two magnon modes have different resonant frequencies.
Abstract Coherent quantum transduction between microwave and optical signals is of great importance for long-distance quantum communication. Here we propose a novel scheme for the implementation of nonreciprocal single-photon state conversion between microwave and optical modes based on a hybrid magnonic system. A yttrium–iron–garnet (YIG) sphere with both the optomechanical and the optomagnetic properties is exploited to couple with a three-dimensional superconducting microwave resonator. The magnetostatic mode of the YIG sphere is treated as an intermediate to interact with the microwave and optical modes simultaneously. By manipulating the amplitudes and phase differences between the couplings via external driving fields, we show that the nonreciprocal microwave-light single-photon state conversion can be realized via the quantum interference effect.