Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN)

Adaptive Fast Re-routing Scheme for Secure Dynamic End-to-End Service in Quantum Key Distribution Networks

Wenjie Huang, Xiaosong Yu, Yuhang Liu, Jingjing Liu, Liquan Chen, Yongli Zhao, Jie Zhang

Published Jul 28, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper proposes an adaptive fast re-routing algorithm to balance key supply with the demands of secure services. Simulation results show that it can improve service success probability by 25.98% compared to the benchmark.
DOI
10.1109/icocn67308.2025.11145637

Related papers

An On-demand Routing Scheme with QoS Provisioning for QKD Networks

Yuqi Yang, Zhonghui Li, Jian Li +4 more

As an emerging technology, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) can provide information-theoretically secure keys for cryptographic purposes and it attracts worldwide attention. To extend its service capabilities from point-to-point communication to arbitrary remote communication parties, large-scale QKD network construction is underway. However, the dynamic and limited available resources of QKD networks remain a major obstacle to routing design. Numerous studies aim at designing routing schemes to maximize the overall network performance. While these routing schemes efficiently support end-to-end key relaying, their effectiveness diminishes when addressing diverse Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we propose an on-demand routing scheme with QoS provisioning to enhance end-to-end key relaying rates. Our scheme operates in two phases: an on-demand resource probing phase to dynamically update global network resource information and a routing decision phase that leverages a maximum flow model to optimize key relaying while satisfying rate-demand constraints. Simulation results on the SimQN platform demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly improves end-to-end key relaying through-put and delay, providing effective QoS support for rate-demand QKD applications.

International Conference on Quantum Communications, Networking, and Computing (QCNC)•Mar 31, 2025•1 citation

Adaptive Quantum Key Distribution for Ultra-Long-Distance Secure Services Based on Satellite Networks

Xinyi He, Lin Li, Yongli Zhao +3 more

Targeting the secret-key provision mismatch with the security requirements of ultra-long-distance services, this paper designs an adaptive quantum key distribution scheme based on satellite networks, improving more than 23% of service success probability compared to the benchmark.

Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC)•Jul 2, 2023•1 citation

An Efficient Routing Protocol for Quantum Key Distribution Networks

Jia-Meng Yao, Yaxing Wang, Qiong Li +3 more

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide point-to-point information-theoretic secure key services for two connected users. In fact, the development of QKD networks needs more focus from the scientific community in order to broaden the service scale of QKD technology to deliver end-to-end secure key services. Of course, some recent efforts have been made to develop secure communication protocols based on QKD. However, due to the limited key generation capability of QKD devices, high quantum secure key utilization is the major concern for QKD networks. Since traditional routing techniques do not account for the state of quantum secure keys on links, applying them in QKD networks directly will result in underutilization of quantum secure keys. Therefore, an efficient routing protocol for QKD networks, especially for large-scale QKD networks, is desperately needed. In this study, an efficient routing protocol based on optimized link-state routing, namely QOLSR, is proposed for QKD networks. QOLSR considerably improves quantum key utilization in QKD networks through link-state awareness and path optimization. Simulation results demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed QOLSR routing protocol. Most importantly, with the growth of communication traffic, the benefit becomes even more apparent.

arXiv:2204.13918•Entropy•Jun 30, 2022•27 citations

Dynamic Time-Aware Path Optimization Scheme in TDM based Quantum Key Distribution Optical Networks

Xinyang Li, Xiaosong Yu, Yongli Zhao +2 more

A dynamic time-aware path optimization algorithm is proposed to re-configure established services in TDM based quantum key distribution optical networks. Simulation shows it has good performance in terms of success rate of QKD services.

Asia Communications and Photonics Conference•Jan 1, 2020•0 citations

A Resource-Adaptive Routing Scheme with Wavelength Conflicts in Quantum Key Distribution Optical Networks

Tao Zhao, Xiaodong Fan, Bowen Dong +2 more

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has great potential in ensuring data security. Deploying QKD-related devices in existing optical fiber networks is a cost-effective way to practically implement QKD. However, QKD optical networks (QKDON) have a low quantum key generation rate and limited wavelength channels for data transmission. The simultaneous arrival of multiple QKD services may also lead to wavelength conflicts in QKDON. Therefore, we propose a resource-adaptive routing scheme (RAWC) with wavelength conflicts to achieve load balancing and efficient utilization of network resources. Focusing on the impact of link load and resource competition, this scheme dynamically adjusts the link weights and introduces the wavelength conflict degree. Simulation results indicate that the RAWC algorithm is an effective approach to solving the wavelength conflict problem. Compared with the benchmark algorithms, the RAWC algorithm can improve service request success rate (SR) by up to 30%.

Entropy•Apr 28, 2023•8 citations

A Load Balancing Routing Algorithm for Quantum Key Distribution Networks

Xinghai Guo, Yuchen Zhou, Sijiang Xie +1 more

With the development of quantum computing and computer science, the risk of traditional cryptographic algorithms being cracked is increasing. Therefore, quantum key distribution (QKD) technology based on quantum physical properties has been developed to ensure the security of information communication. Large-scale QKD networks can be built using trusted relay technology, but the hops encryption and decryption process of trusted relay will consume extra keys, which makes it particularly important to choose a reasonable path to reduce the consumption of extra keys during key distribution. The existing routing algorithms mainly focus on the number of remaining keys and hops, but ignore the congestion information of the network, resulting in a high key exchange failure rate and an increase in key consumption. In view of this background, we propose a load balancing routing (LBR) algorithm, which can realize congestion control in QKD network by dynamically detecting link state with SDN controller. Simulation results show that LBR improves key request success rate by more than 10% and key utilization efficiency by about 5% compared with existing methods.

International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Communications and Computer Networks (ISCCN)•Feb 21, 2025•3 citations
As an emerging technology, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) can provide information-theoretically secure keys for cryptographic purposes and it attracts worldwide attention. To extend its service capabilities from point-to-point communication to arbitrary remote communication parties, large-scale QKD network construction is underway. However, the dynamic and limited available resources of QKD networks remain a major obstacle to routing design. Numerous studies aim at designing routing schemes to maximize the overall network performance. While these routing schemes efficiently support end-to-end key relaying, their effectiveness diminishes when addressing diverse Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we propose an on-demand routing scheme with QoS provisioning to enhance end-to-end key relaying rates. Our scheme operates in two phases: an on-demand resource probing phase to dynamically update global network resource information and a routing decision phase that leverages a maximum flow model to optimize key relaying while satisfying rate-demand constraints. Simulation results on the SimQN platform demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly improves end-to-end key relaying through-put and delay, providing effective QoS support for rate-demand QKD applications.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide point-to-point information-theoretic secure key services for two connected users. In fact, the development of QKD networks needs more focus from the scientific community in order to broaden the service scale of QKD technology to deliver end-to-end secure key services. Of course, some recent efforts have been made to develop secure communication protocols based on QKD. However, due to the limited key generation capability of QKD devices, high quantum secure key utilization is the major concern for QKD networks. Since traditional routing techniques do not account for the state of quantum secure keys on links, applying them in QKD networks directly will result in underutilization of quantum secure keys. Therefore, an efficient routing protocol for QKD networks, especially for large-scale QKD networks, is desperately needed. In this study, an efficient routing protocol based on optimized link-state routing, namely QOLSR, is proposed for QKD networks. QOLSR considerably improves quantum key utilization in QKD networks through link-state awareness and path optimization. Simulation results demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed QOLSR routing protocol. Most importantly, with the growth of communication traffic, the benefit becomes even more apparent.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) has great potential in ensuring data security. Deploying QKD-related devices in existing optical fiber networks is a cost-effective way to practically implement QKD. However, QKD optical networks (QKDON) have a low quantum key generation rate and limited wavelength channels for data transmission. The simultaneous arrival of multiple QKD services may also lead to wavelength conflicts in QKDON. Therefore, we propose a resource-adaptive routing scheme (RAWC) with wavelength conflicts to achieve load balancing and efficient utilization of network resources. Focusing on the impact of link load and resource competition, this scheme dynamically adjusts the link weights and introduces the wavelength conflict degree. Simulation results indicate that the RAWC algorithm is an effective approach to solving the wavelength conflict problem. Compared with the benchmark algorithms, the RAWC algorithm can improve service request success rate (SR) by up to 30%.
With the development of quantum computing and computer science, the risk of traditional cryptographic algorithms being cracked is increasing. Therefore, quantum key distribution (QKD) technology based on quantum physical properties has been developed to ensure the security of information communication. Large-scale QKD networks can be built using trusted relay technology, but the hops encryption and decryption process of trusted relay will consume extra keys, which makes it particularly important to choose a reasonable path to reduce the consumption of extra keys during key distribution. The existing routing algorithms mainly focus on the number of remaining keys and hops, but ignore the congestion information of the network, resulting in a high key exchange failure rate and an increase in key consumption. In view of this background, we propose a load balancing routing (LBR) algorithm, which can realize congestion control in QKD network by dynamically detecting link state with SDN controller. Simulation results show that LBR improves key request success rate by more than 10% and key utilization efficiency by about 5% compared with existing methods.