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Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Quantum-Enhanced Multi-Phase Distributed Sensing Using Fewer Photons

Donghyun Kim, Seongjin Hong, Yong‐Su Kim, Yosep Kim, Seung-Woo Lee, Raphael C. Pooser, Kyunghwan Oh, Su‐Yong Lee, Changhyoup Lee, Hyang‐Tag Lim

Published Jan 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate the measurement of a linear superposition of four distributed phases using two photons with a quantum enhanced sensitivity. We further extend the system theoretically to a multi-phase distributed quantum sensing.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2025.qm2c.6

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Distributed quantum metrology has drawn intense interest as it outperforms the optimal classical counterparts in estimating multiple distributed parameters. However, most schemes so far have required entangled resources consisting of photon numbers equal to or more than the parameter numbers, which is a fairly demanding requirement as the number of nodes increases. Here, we present a distributed quantum sensing scenario in which quantum-enhanced sensitivity can be achieved with fewer photons than the number of parameters. As an experimental demonstration, using a two-photon entangled state, we estimate four phases distributed 3 km away from the central node, resulting in a 2.2 dB sensitivity enhancement from the standard quantum limit. Our results show that the Heisenberg scaling can be achieved even when using fewer photons than the number of parameters. We believe our scheme will open a pathway to perform large-scale distributed quantum sensing with currently available entangled sources.