We consider the spin-1/2 XX chain model with uniform Gamma interaction, exactly solvable using the fermionization approach. The ground state phase diagram reveals two regions: a composite gapless phase and a single gapped phase, separated by a second-order critical line. Within the composite phase, a special line is identified where one coexisting phase vanishes, leaving a single gapless phase. By examining the concurrence and quantum discord (QD) between nearest-neighbor spin pairs, we probe the ground state phase diagram. Our results highlight a discontinuity along the quantum critical line, indicating the phase transition. The special line in the gapless region is detected through concurrence and QD results, showing the sensitivity of these quantum correlations to system parameter changes. We also explore the scaling behavior of concurrence and QD near the quantum critical line, providing insights into the system's critical properties. Furthermore, we identify a line within the gapped phase where both concurrence and QD vanish. Investigating the density matrix along this line, we assess whether the zero QD condition adheres to a novel criterion for arbitrary bipartite states. Our findings indicate that without Heisenberg interaction, the criterion is not met, but with both Heisenberg interaction and Gamma interaction, the criterion for zero QD is satisfied.
We consider the spin-1/2 XX chain model with uniform Gamma interaction, exactly solvable using the fermionization approach. The ground state phase diagram reveals two regions: a composite gapless phase and a single gapped phase, separated by a second-order critical line. Within the composite phase, a special line is identified where one coexisting phase vanishes, leaving a single gapless phase. By examining the concurrence and quantum discord (QD) between nearest-neighbor spin pairs, we probe the ground state phase diagram. Our results highlight a discontinuity along the quantum critical line, indicating the phase transition. The special line in the gapless region is detected through concurrence and QD results, showing the sensitivity of these quantum correlations to system parameter changes. We also explore the scaling behavior of concurrence and QD near the quantum critical line, providing insights into the system's critical properties. Furthermore, we identify a line within the gapped phase where both concurrence and QD vanish. Investigating the density matrix along this line, we assess whether the zero QD condition adheres to a novel criterion for arbitrary bipartite states. Our findings indicate that without Heisenberg interaction, the criterion is not met, but with both Heisenberg interaction and Gamma interaction, the criterion for zero QD is satisfied.
We investigate the spin-1/2 XX chain with uniform Gamma interaction under a transverse magnetic field. By exactly diagonalizing the Hamiltonian using the Fermionization technique, we rigorously analyze the energy spectrum, distinguishing between gapped and gapless domains at absolute zero. Additionally, we thoroughly examine various order parameters, including magnetization, staggered magnetization, chirality, and spin nematicity, which delineate the diverse phases within the ground state phase diagram, each characterized by its unique long-range order. Notably, we identify a hybrid critical line in the ground state phase diagram. This hybrid critical line is defined as a line where multiple types of phase transitions converge. At points along this line, the system exhibits behaviors characteristic of different types of critical points simultaneously. Understanding the magnetic properties under different field conditions can lead to the development of new magnetic materials and technologies. Our results provide a framework for experimentally manipulating magnetic fields, allowing researchers to control and observe changes in material properties. This, in turn, offers valuable insights into the fundamental physics governing these systems.
In this paper, we investigate the ground state properties of the spin-1/2 XX chain model with anisotropic three-spin interaction using the fermionization technique. By exactly diagonalizing the Hamiltonian, we analyze the dispersion relation, ground state energy, and order parameters. Our findings identify two gapless phases, distinguished by a Lifshitz transition line: one exhibiting long-range chiral correlations and the other characterized by chiral-nematic correlations. These correlations do not correspond to conventional symmetry-breaking local order parameters typically associated with gapped one-dimensional phases but instead signify emergent quantum coherence in the gapless regime. Further, we study the ground state phase diagram through the concurrence and quantum discord between nearest-neighbor spins, finding that these measures are maximized at the critical line, with an additional entangled region observed. Finally, we examine the spin squeezing parameter and entanglement entropy, demonstrating that the ground state is squeezed throughout and becomes extremely squeezed at the critical line. Notably, in the gapless chiral-nematic phase, the Heisenberg limit is achieved. By dividing the system into two equal parts, we observe significant entanglement in the gapless chiral phase. The central charge calculation confirms the critical nature of the gapless chiral-nematic phase, while the entanglement entropy follows volume-law scaling in the gapless chiral phase.
Abstract We investigate the ground-state quantum correlations in the spin-1/2 XX chain with anisotropic four-spin interaction (AFSI), employing an exact analytical approach via fermionization. The phase diagram of the system hosts three distinct quantum critical lines that separate non-trivial topological phases characterized by winding numbers ν = ±1 and ν = ±3. To probe the system’s critical behavior and topological nature, we analyze two key quantum correlation measures: concurrence and quantum discord between nearest-neighbor spin pairs. Our results reveal that while concurrence is limited in detecting all critical lines particularly in phases with higher winding numbers, quantum discord successfully identifies all quantum phase transitions, either through cusps or discontinuities in its first derivative. Furthermore, quantum discord assumes larger values in topological phases with lower winding numbers, suggesting that the structure and localization of quantum correlations are influenced by topological order. These findings underscore the effectiveness of quantum discord as a robust diagnostic tool for both criticality and topology in many-body quantum systems. Our results offer valuable insight for advancing correlation-based techniques in quantum information science and highlight the potential role of topological spin chains in future quantum technologies.
Abstract We study the spin-1/2 Kitaev chain with additional XX and symmetric off-diagonal Gamma interactions. By combining the Jordan–Wigner transformation with density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) numerical simulations, we obtain the exact solution of the model and map out the phase diagram containing six distinct phases. The four gapped phases display ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic magnetic orders along the (1,1,0)- and (1,-1,0)-spin directions, whereas in the gapless phases, the low-energy spectrum consists of two branches of helical Majorana fermions with unequal velocities. The transition lines separating different phases include deconfined quantum critical lines with dynamical critical exponent z = 1 and quadratic critical lines with z = 2. Our work reveals the rich interplay among symmetry, magnetic order, and quantum criticality in the Kitaev–XX–Gamma chain.
We study the spin-1/2 XX chain with a modulated Gamma interaction (GI), which results from the superposition of uniform and staggered Gamma terms. We diagonalize the Hamiltonian of the model exactly using the Fermionization technique. We then probe the energy gap and identify the gapped and gapless regions. We also examine the staggered chiral, staggered nematic and dimer order parameters to determine the different phases of the ground state phase diagram with their respective long-range orders. Our findings indicate that the model undergoes first-order, second-order, gapless-gapless, and gapped-gapped phase transitions.
The ground state phase diagram of the dimerized spin-1/2 XX honeycomb model in presence of a transverse magnetic field (TF) is known. With the absence of the magnetic field, two quantum phases, namely, the Néel and the dimerized phases have been identified. Moreover, canted Néel and the paramagnetic (PM) phases also emerge by applying the magnetic field. In this paper, using two powerful numerical exact techniques, Lanczos exact diagonalization, and Density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) methods, we study this model by focusing on the quantum correlations, the concurrence, and the quantum discord (QD) among nearest-neighbor spins. We show that the quantum correlations can capture the position of the quantum critical points in the whole range of the ground state phase diagram consistent with previous results. Although the concurrence and the QD are short-range, informative about long-ranged critical correlations. In addition, we address a "magnetic-entanglement" behavior that starts from an entangled field around the saturation field.