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Optical and Quantum Electronics

Intrinsic decoherence in a system of three symmetric two-level atoms coupled to a single-mode cavity field

Tamer A. Seoudy

Published Jul 24, 2025• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract This work provides a theoretical study of a quantum system consisting of three two-level atoms coupled to a single-mode cavity field, focusing on the effects of intrinsic decoherence (ID). The system’s evolution is modeled using Milburn equation, with atoms initially excited and the field in a coherent state. The dynamics evolution of linear entropy (purity), the $$l_1$$ l 1 -norm (coherence), and the mean photon number (collapse-revival) are analyzed. The results indicate that, as the decoherence parameter $$\gamma$$ γ increases, purity and coherence decrease, and collapse-revival features are progressively suppressed. These findings highlight the key role of intrinsic decoherence in degrading the quantum properties of atom-field systems, which is essential for understanding and improving quantum technologies under intrinsic decoherence.

DOI
10.1007/s11082-025-08367-x

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Abstract This work provides a theoretical study of a quantum system consisting of three two-level atoms coupled to a single-mode cavity field, focusing on the effects of intrinsic decoherence (ID). The system’s evolution is modeled using Milburn equation, with atoms initially excited and the field in a coherent state. The dynamics evolution of linear entropy (purity), the l1l_1l1​ l 1 -norm (coherence), and the mean photon number (collapse-revival) are analyzed. The results indicate that, as the decoherence parameter γ\gammaγ γ increases, purity and coherence decrease, and collapse-revival features are progressively suppressed. These findings highlight the key role of intrinsic decoherence in degrading the quantum properties of atom-field systems, which is essential for understanding and improving quantum technologies under intrinsic decoherence.
How the mean photon number,the probability of excited state and intrinsic decoherence coefficient influence the time evolution of entanglement is unknown,when a single-mode quantized optic field and a two-level atom coupling system is governed by Milburn equation.The Jaynes-Cummings model is considered.A lower bound of concurrence is proposed to calculate the entanglement.Simulation results indicate that the entanglement of system increases following the increasing of intrinsic decoherence coefficient or the decreasing of the mean photon number.Besides that,the entanglement of the system decreases,while the probability of the exited state increases from 0 to 0.1,and increases,while the probability of the exited state increases from 0.1 to 1.
The quantum statistical properties in the system of a two-mode SU(1,1)coherent field interacting with a two-level atom are investigated by solving Milburn equation.The effects on the quantum statistical properties induced by the intrinsic decoherence,the two-mode photon number and the mean photon number are analyzed.The results show that the intrinsic decoherence strengthens the anti-bunching effect of the two-mode and the correlation intensity between the two modes and makes the first mode of the field always to be sub-Poissonian.The second-order coherence degree of the two-mode field also exhibits obvious collapse- revival effect with the intrinsic decoherence.The first mode of the field is sub-Poissonian with the evolution of the time.The photon anti-bunching appears and the correlation between the two modes of light is both positive and non-classical.But in most of the time,the second mode of the field is Poissonian with the evolution of the time and the photon bunching appears.
The atomic population inversion in the system of a two-mode SU(1,1) coherent field interacting with a two-level atom is investigated by solving Milburn equation. The effects on the atomic population inversion induced by the intrinsic decoherence, the two-mode photon number and the mean photon number are analyzed. The results show that the collapse and revival phenomena of the atomic population inversion will appear when the two- mode photon number is not zero and will disappear gradually with the decrease of the mean photon number. The collapse and revival phenomena of the atomic population inversion will also appear with the intrinsic decoherence, but the amplitude of the Rabi oscillation will be reduced to zero with the evolution of the time.
Considering the interaction between two-mode SU(1,1) coherence states and a two-level atom, we find an exact solution of the Milburn equation for the system. We investigate the time evolution of the entanglement of field-atom and one of two modes of field using the quantum-reduced entropy and quantum relative entropy, respectively. The influences of intrinsic decoherence and two-mode photon number difference on the evolution of the entanglement of field-atom and one of two modes of field are discussed. It is shown that the entanglement of field-atom reduces to a stationary value with time evolution and the entanglement between two modes increases to another stationary value with intrinsic decoherence, and the values only depend on the two-mode photon number and mean photon number.
The dynamics of trade-off relations between quantum information resources are investigated in a system of two non-interacting qubits, each individually and nonlinearly coupled to coherent cavity fields through intensity-dependent coupling. The qubits are initially prepared in a maximally entangled Bell state, while the cavity fields are assumed to be in coherent states. An exact analytical treatment of the reduced two-qubit density matrix is presented under qubit–cavity detuning and intrinsic decoherence governed by the Milburn model. The time evolutions of first-order coherence, concurrence, intrinsic concurrence and purity are analyzed to elucidate the redistribution of quantum resources. The results confirm that intrinsic concurrence and first-order coherence obey a complementary trade-off relation governed by the purity of the two-qubit state, with standard concurrence acting as a lower bound for intrinsic concurrence throughout the dynamics. The roles of the initial coherent field intensity, qubit–cavity detuning and intrinsic decoherence are examined, showing that nonlinear atom–cavity interactions induce regular oscillatory behavior accompanied by entanglement sudden death and revival phenomena. Increasing the coherent field intensity enhances coherence generation and accelerates entanglement degradation of the generated two-qubit states.
Abstract An analytical solution of the dynamical evolution of an intrinsic noise model of a V -type three-level atom confined in a cavity having one-mode coherent field via multi-photon transitions is obtained. We investigate the effect of the physical parameters of the qutrit-cavity unitary interaction, the intrinsic noise and the photon multiplicity, on important quantum effects such as: the atomic inversion, the quantum coherence, the entanglement and the total correlation. These physical parameters control the phenomenon of the collapses and revivals, and the regularity of the oscillatory behavior of the atomic-inversion. When the intrinsic noise is considered, the dynamics of the entropy, the negativity and the mutual information are different, while the entropy grows, the entanglement negativity and the mutual information degrades to their stationary values. It is found that the quantum coherence, the entanglement, the total correlation and their stationary values are very sensitive to any change in the physical parameters.